Construction Phase
Airborne emissions during the construction phase are dust and gaseous emissions. Dust is emitted from earthworks, construction of new buildings and refurbishment of existing building works, and demolition of existing building structures. While gaseous emissions result from operation of diesel powered construction equipment.

The potential air quality impacts associated with the gaseous emissions from diesel-powered construction equipment are expected to be relatively small as only a small numbers of such plant are expected to be operated within the limited works area at any one time, as indicated in the construction plant list in Appendix 5B. In addition, all construction plant on public works sites is required to use ultra-low-sulphur diesel (ULSD) (defined as diesel fuel containing not more than 0.005% sulphur by weight) as stipulated in Environment, Transport and Works Bureau Technical Circular (ETWB-TC(W)) No 19/2005 on Environmental Management on Construction Sites, no air quality impacts are expected.

Operation Phase
Gaseous emissions from kitchens are identified as potential sources of air pollutants.  Electric stoves will be installed in the kitchens within the Project, and therefore no gaseous or liquid fuels will be used for cooking operations.  Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) will also be installed at the exhausts of the kitchens to capture potential particulate emissions and the location of the exhaust will be sited vertically upward and away from the nearby air sensitive uses as far as practicable.  As such, potential air quality impacts associated with gaseous emissions from kitchen operations to the surroundings are not anticipated.

Three stacks belonging to restaurants were identified and they were observed to be in use.  Through the interview with the stack owners, one of the restaurants indicated that Towngas was used for the cooking stoves.   However, the owners of the other two stacks refused to provide stack emissions information.  Nonetheless, it is anticipated that both premises are using ultra low sulphur diesel (ULSD), gaseous fuel or alternative fuel types in which emissions must comply with the requirements in the Air Pollution Control (Fuel Restriction) Regulation and its amendment of 2008.

The design of the Project encourages visitors to get to the Site via footbridge and pedestrian crossings.  Traffic flow induced by operations of the Project (eg tourist buses and private cars) is therefore expected to be very small.  No adverse traffic emission impact during the operation phase of the Project is therefore expected.