3.                  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

 

3.1.           This EIA Study has identified and quantified various potential environmental impacts associated with the construction and operation of Project and has recommended effective mitigation measures to ameliorate any potentially negative impacts on the environment.

 

3.2.           In accordance with the EIA Study Brief, the following key areas were addressed in the EIA Study:

 

·        air quality impacts

·        noise impacts

·        water quality impacts

·        waste management implications

·        ecological impacts

·        fisheries impacts

·        visual and landscape impacts

 

3.3.            The findings of the assessments for the above environmental issues are summarised in the following sections.

 

Air Quality Impact

 

Construction Phase

 

3.4.           During construction phase, adverse dust impacts are predicted at some of the air sensitive receivers (ASRs). In order to achieve the air quality objectives (AQO), twice daily watering at the construction site is recommended to maintain the work site and dust material in a wet condition.

 

3.5.           With the above mitigation measure, no adverse cumulative construction dust impact is predicted.

 

3.6.           To further ensure compliance with the guideline level and AQO limit at the ASRs at all times, the implementation of the Air Pollution Control (Construction Dust) Regulation and the inclusion of good site practice in the contract clauses to minimize cumulative dust impact are also recommended.  In addition, a comprehensive dust monitoring and audit programme is recommended to ensure proper implementation of mitigation measures.  Details of the monitoring and audit requirements are provided in a separate EM&A Manual.

 

Operation Phase

 

3.7.           The dispersion of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), respirable suspended particulates (RSP) and carbon monoxide (CO) arising from the background pollutant levels within and adjacent to the proposed CPR, vehicle emissions from open road networks, portal emissions from the full enclosures recommended for the proposed CPR and the full enclosure at the Route 10 Siu Lam Link Road were modelled.  The results indicate that the AQO would be satisfied at all existing and planned ASRs.  No adverse cumulative air quality impact is predicted.  Therefore, no mitigation measures are required.

 

3.8.            The air quality inside the full enclosures recommended for the proposed CPR was also calculated.  The results indicate that no exceedance of the Tunnel Air Quality Guideline is expected and therefore no mitigation measures are required. 

 

Noise Impact

 

Construction Phase

 

3.9.           Unmitigated cumulative noise levels arising from the construction activities of the Project at the representative noise sensitive receivers (NSRs) have been predicted.  The results indicate that without any mitigation, the cumulative noise levels at most of the NSRs would exceed the EIAO-TM noise criteria.

 

3.10.       In order to alleviate the construction noise impacts at the NSRs, noise mitigation measures are recommended including adoption of good site practice, the use of quiet plant, movable noise barriers and restriction on the usage of operating plant. 

 

3.11.       With the adoption of the recommended control measures, all the residential NSRs could be effectively protected against the construction noise impact.  For the educational NSRs, the use of the recommended direct mitigation measures would protect them from exceedance of the noise criterion for schools during normal hours, but these measures would be insufficient to protect them from exceedance of the noise criterion for school during examination period (which is 5dB(A) lower).  In order to reduce the potential noise impacts on the schools, re-scheduling of construction activities to avoid concurrent operations are required during the examination period.

 

Operational Phase

 

3.12.       Potential road traffic noise impact associated with the project has been assessed for the maximum traffic flows expected to occur in 2022.  About 170 residential dwellings and 25 classrooms are predicted to experience noise levels, if unmitigated, exceeding the traffic noise criteria.  Hence direct mitigation measures would be required.

 

3.13.       With the implementation of the recommended direct mitigation measures, the mitigated noise levels from new roads at all the representative NSRs are predicted to be below 70dB(A) and the contribution from new roads to the overall noise levels would be less than 1dB(A).  It is estimated that about 30 residential dwellings would benefit by more than 1dB(A).

 

3.14.       The residual impacts have been assessed against the noise insulation criteria.  The results show that no residential dwellings, schools or hospitals would meet the noise insulation criteria and therefore, indirect technical remedies in the form of window insulation and air conditioning would not be required.

 

Water Quality Impact

 

Construction Phase

 

3.15.       The potential water quality impacts associated with the dredging activities during the construction of the reclamation and seawalls have been assessed by predicting the increases in suspended sediment concentrations due to fine sediment lost to suspension. 

 

3.16.       There are no sensitive receivers identified within the Study Area.  The nearest receivers include Ma Wan Fish Cultural Zone (FCZ), fish nursery areas in bays on north Lantau to the west of Kap Shui Mun Channel, Golden Beach and Anglers’ Beach, which are all located outside the Study Area and are far away from the works area of the Project.  It is anticipated that the unmitigated elevations in suspended sediment (SS) concentration generated from the dredging activities of the project at these sensitive receivers would not exceed the allowable elevations in SS concentrations.  However, the cumulative elevated SS concentrations from the proposed project and the identified concurrent projects are predicted to exceed the allowable elevated SS concentration at the Ma Wan FCZ.  The use of closed grab dredgers and silt curtains is therefore recommended to minimize the water quality impact from the dredging works for the Project. 

 

3.17.       With the use of closed grab dredgers and silt curtains, the dredging works of the proposed project would not contribute significantly to the total SS concentrations at the Ma Wan FCZ (less than 3%).  Further constraints on the dredging activities of the proposed project could not further reduce the predicted cumulative impact and therefore it would be the responsibility of the concurrent projects to apply mitigation measures should unacceptable water quality impacts be detected during construction.

 

3.18.       The potential impact arising from the release of contaminants from sediment disturbed during the dredging works has also been assessed.  It was predicted that because of the general absence of significant sediment contamination in the dredging area, adverse water quality impacts arising from the release of heavy metals, nutrients and organic compounds are not expected during the dredging works. 

 

3.19.        With the adoption of the recommended mitigation measures, no unacceptable residual impacts on water quality impact are expected.

 

Operation Phase

 

3.20.       The only source of potential impact on water quality during the operation phase will be runoff from the road surfaces.  With the implementation of the recommended mitigation measures for the surface water drainage system including grit soil interceptors, it is anticipated that the water quality impacts associated with the operation phase would be minimal and acceptable.

 

Waste Management Implications

 

3.21.       A review of the sediment quality data from the marine ground investigation works indicated that the majority of the marine sediments in the proposed dredging area for the Tai Lam Kok reclamation and new seawall from Tai Lam Kok to Ka Loon Tsuen are classified as category L.  This dredged sediment will therefore be suitable for open sea disposal.  The small volume of sediment classified as Category H at the Tai Lam Kok reclamation will require confined marine disposal.

 

3.22.       An assessment of the potential environmental impacts of waste arising from the construction of the Project has been conducted.  Wastes generated by the construction activities are likely to include construction and demolition (C&D) materials, general refuse and chemical waste.  Provided that these identified wastes are handled, transported and disposed of using approved methods and that the recommended good site practice is adhered to, adverse environmental impacts are not expected.

                                 

Ecological Impact

 

Terrestrial Ecology

 

3.23.       The ecological resources within the study area comprise a variety of habitat types including woodland, tall shrubland, grassland/shrubland mosaic, backshore vegetation, mudflat, village/orchard, developed area, active/abandoned farmland, wasteland, plantation, fishpond and Tai Lam Chung River.  Grassland/shrubland mosaic was found to support three rare/protected plant species: Alloteropsis semialatus, Platycodon grandiflorus and Thysanotus chinensis.  All these rare/protected plant species are located outside the construction boundary.  No direct impact to the rare/protected plant species due to construction is anticipated.

 

3.24.       The road improvement works will result in the permanent loss of approximately 2 ha of backshore vegetation, 0.2 ha of wasteland, 0.4 ha of plantation and 0.1 ha of tall shrubland.  All these habitats are of low ecological value and therefore adverse impact to the terrestrial ecology is not anticipated.  With the implementation of the recommended mitigation measures, no adverse residual impact is expected.

 

Marine Ecology

 

3.25.       Literature reviews of existing information supplemented with the results of recently undertaken field surveys on marine ecological resources indicate that the intertidal habitats and soft benthic habitats within the study area are of low ecological value.

 

3.26.       The dredging / reclamation and the road improvement works will result in the permanent loss of approximately 14,348 m2 of soft bottom benthic habitat and approximately 1.1 km of artificial intertidal habitat.  Since the benthic community and intertidal community in the study area are of low ecological value and rubble-mound seawall will replace much of the lost intertidal habitat, no adverse impact is anticipated.

 

Fisheries Impact

 

3.27.       Fisheries resources sensitive to the project have been identified.  In terms of fish production, the fishing areas concerned contribute a small proportion to the territory’s total thus the overall fisheries impacts are predicted to be minimal. No specific mitigation measure is necessary as no adverse impact is identified.

 

Landscape and Visual Impacts

 

3.28.  The main landscape and visual impacts of the proposed alignment are summarized as follows:

 

Landscape Impacts:

 

·        Significant Adverse landscape impact from loss of natural shoreline, tidal reach and backshore vegetation at Tai Lam Kok and Ma Wan coastal areas (LCA1)

·        Moderate Adverse landscape impact from loss of amenity planting at Siu lam Interchange and from loss of pocket tree planting along Castle Peak Road (LCA2)

 

Visual Impacts:

 

·        Moderate Adverse visual impact to local commuters, shipping, fishing boats and tourist vessels at Ma Wan Coast (SVR1)

·        Moderate / Significant Adverse visual impact to users of Tuen Mun Road and existing transport corridor (SVR2)

·        Moderate Adverse visual impact to residents and staff at Sui Lam Hospital (SVR3) and Siu Lam Psychiatric Centre (SVR4)

·        Significant Adverse visual impact to residents of Siu Lam Police Quarters (SVR5)

·        Moderate Adverse visual impact to upper level residents at Poseidon Coast Housing Development (SVR6)

·        Moderate / Significant Adverse visual impact to staff and residents at Seaman’s Training Centre (SVR7)

·        Moderate Adverse visual impact to future residents at Tai Lam Chung CDA (SVR8)

·        Slight / Moderate Adverse visual impact to hikers on Tai Lam Ridge footpaths (SVR9)

 

3.29     The recommended Landscape Mitigation Measures (LMMs) are summarised as follows:

 

·        LMM-1: Construction programming and management- the construction programme should be reduced to the shortest possible period, particularly in those locations where server of high landscape or visual impacts are expected. Keeping the periphery of the work area at street level clean, tidy and attractive and convenient for pedestrians. Use of colourful hoarding with interesting motifs.

 

·        LMM-2: Advanced planting and erosion works- advance planting of trees and landscape areas.

 

·        LMM-3: maximisation of amenity planting in road corridor- opportunities to incorporate amenity areas along the alignment should be maximised to provide visual relief in this otherwise congested traffic environment including removal of the footpath from the immediate road edge.

 

·        LMM-4: Design, materials and finishes of engineering structures- consideration for modern and attractive structures.

 

·        LMM-5: Maximisation of woodland planting on disturbed land-compensatory planting.

 

·        LMM-6: Urban area under-viaduct hard and soft landscape works- restoring and enhancing sterilised viaduct spaces.

 

3.30     The main landscape and visual implications of the proposed alignment are summarized as follows:

 

·        The proposal is considered to be compatible with the Government’s statutory planning framework.

 

·        Visual impacts are of a limited scale to the majority of highly sensitive receivers. Significant impacts where they occur are restricted to receivers of lower sensitivity.

 

·        The baseline landscape condition is not highly sensitive nor of rare or unusual value. However without care the road proposal could create an environment of extremely low visual landscape and amenity value in its place. The incorporation of landscape and visual mitigation measures into the Project will reduce some of the more severe landscape and visual impacts.

 

·        The significance of the proposals in visual terms is changed considerably with the construction of the Route 10 – NLYLH’s Siu Lam Link Roads should they proceed. The baseline condition will be changed to a point where the visual implications become far less noticeable with regard to the construction of the high level viaduct.