11                              Summary of Environmental Outcomes and Conclusions

11.1                        Introduction

This Section summarises the environmental outcomes associated with the construction and operation of the Project. 

11.2                        Noise Impact

11.2.1                  Construction Phase

It is not anticipated that construction work will be undertaken at night-time and hence night-time construction noise impact is not anticipated.  The predicted day-time construction noise levels at the NSR N1 (Hei Ling Chau Correctional Institution) and NSR N2 (Hei Ling Chau Addition Treatment Centre (Annex)) range from 36 to 75 dB(A) and comply with the day-time construction noise criteria of 75 dB(A). 

Due to the close proximity of CSD’s Staff Quarters (NSR N3) to the enabling work areas, the predicted day-time noise level at this NSR will exceed the day-time construction noise criterion by about 4 to 8 dB(A) after implementation of the recommended mitigation measures (including provision of noise barriers, use of quiet plant and equipment, and limiting the number of plant operating concurrently in this area).  The duration of impact will be about one week.  It should be noted that this quarter is not currently occupied.  CSD agreed not using this quarter as far as possible during the construction period.  If this is not possible, CSD agreed to use air-conditioners for the impacted rooms during the construction period.  As the NSR N3 is provided with air-conditioners, CSD will be informed prior to the commencement of the construction and comparatively short period of exceedance (about 1 week), the residual construction noise impacts can be kept at reasonable levels.  The contractor will closely liaise with the CSD to programme the noisy construction works such that the noise impact to the CSD staff will be avoided or reduced.  No unacceptable noise impact is therefore envisaged.

Noise monitoring will be carried out at NSRs N2 and N3 ([1]) during the construction phase.

11.2.2                  Operational Phase

The noise assessment indicates that under the worst-case scenario (covering a full range of operation including start-up, shut-down, cut-in, cut-out, braking and yawing; and the full range of wind speeds), with a wind turbine of maximum sound power level of 104 dB(A) and with no tone, impulse and intermittence characteristics, the predicted facade noise levels at the identified NSRs will comply with the day-time and night-time noise limits at all NSRs.

Noise monitoring will be carried out at the nearest NSR (N2) during the night-time period to confirm compliance with the required noise criterion.  Noise monitoring will be undertaken in the first 12 months of the operational period of the wind turbine to confirm the findings of the noise assessment. 

11.3                        Ecological Impact

11.3.1                  Construction Phase

The direct ecological impact due to the construction of the Project is expected to be low, and will not contribute to any potential cumulative impact.  In view of the poor vegetation cover, it is anticipated that the Project Site does not provide an optimal habitat for the Common Rat Snake and Bogadek’s Burrowing Lizard.  It is not expected that the construction and operation of the Project will cause adverse impacts to these species.

A search of the Common Rat Snake and Bodagek’s Burrowing Lizard within the Project Site and along the impacted sections of Long and Short Access Routes will be undertaken just before the commencement of the construction works.  Due to the small size of the Project Site and given that there are no optimal habitats for Common Rat Snake and Bodagek’s Burrowing Lizard, one day-time search is considered sufficient.  The surveyor(s) will actively search the areas within the Project Site and along the impacted sections of access routes and pay special attention to the leave litters and rocks.  All recorded Common Rat Snake and Bodagek’s Burrowing Lizard will be caught by hand and translocated to the shrubland at the north of the Hei Ling Chau Correctional Centre (Annex), which is the less disturbed shrubland habitat within the Study Area, immediately after the search.  The search and translocation works will be undertaken by a qualified ecologist with relevant experience in faunal translocation works.

11.3.2                  Operational Phase

Bird collisions are perceived as an ecological concern during the operation of the wind turbine.  The Project Site, as well as the areas in the vicinity are not important bird habitats as there is no wetland habitat within or in the vicinity of the Project Site to attract water birds and the Project Site is not within the travelling path of the migratory birds.  The potential risk of bird collision will be low.  With respect to data in Hong Kong, the Environmental Monitoring and Audit (EM&A) programme of the operating commercial scale wind turbine at Lamma Island indicates that no fatality due to collision with the wind turbine was recorded.  It is concluded that the operation of a single wind turbine will not cause an adverse impact to birds.  However, bird collision survey will be carried out during the first 12 months of operation to confirm the findings of this EIA Study. 

11.4                        Landscape and Visual Impact

Of the eight Landscape Resources on Hei Ling Chau there will only be residual construction phase impacts on the Shrubland resources.  This will result in a residual impact of 0.15 ha of Shrubland.  This un-mitigated impact is classified as slight adverse.  The impacts on the developed areas after construction will be negligible as they will be replaced by new developed areas (ie wind turbine site).

The impacts on the Landscape Character Areas of Hei Ling Chau will vary from slight for LCAs 2 to 5 to moderate for LCA1 during construction and operation.

Viewer perception studies in other parts of the world have shown that wind turbines are generally accepted by the public.

The wind turbine with the proposed aviation warning marking scheme (ie alternative orange and white bands) as required by CAD for aviation safety purposes may result in contrasting effect to the surrounding natural landscape.  For Disneyland Hong Kong the visual impact will be negligible.  VSRs from Discovery Bay, Cheung ChauMui Wo Ferry, Lamma Island and Hong Kong Island will experience slight to moderate adverse impact.  VSRs from Cheung Chau, Peng Chau, Mui Wo, Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Lantau Hikers will experience moderate visual impacts.  VSRs on Hei Ling Chau will expect to experience moderate – significant adverse impacts.  None of these impacts will interfere with key views.

According to Annex 10 of the EIAO-TM, there are no significant impacts on the Landscape Resources or landscape Character areas.  There will be moderate to significant visual impact from the VSR of Hei Ling Chau among the eleven VSRs.  Although the visual impact is unable to mitigate practically, the adverse effects are not considered too excessive in view of the size of landtake and form of the structure.  Hence, the visual impact is not unacceptable.  There are no significant visual impacts for other VSRs and there will be no interference with key views.  Therefore, the landscape and visual impacts will be acceptable.

11.5               Construction Phase Water Quality Impact

No marine works are associated with the construction and operation of the Project.  Due to the small scale of the land-based construction works and the short duration of construction period, the potential water quality impacts are negligible with the implementation of general good construction site management practices. 

It is recommended to carry out monthly site audits to the works areas to monitor the environmental performance of the Project and to enable prompt actions to rectify any malpractice which may give rise to water pollution problem.  Ad-hoc visits will be made to the impacted sites in responses to any complaints or reported non-compliance on water quality aspect.

11.6                        Construction Waste Management Implications

The anticipated quantities of construction waste (400 m3), chemical wastes (a few hundred litres, mainly are used lube oils), sewage (1 m3 per day) and general refuse (26 kg per day) to be generated during the construction phase of the Project will be small.  With the implementation of the general good construction site practices, the construction of the Project will not cause adverse waste management or environmental impacts with respect to the criteria specified in the EIAO-TM.

It is recommended that monthly audits of the waste management practices be carried out during the construction phase to determine if wastes are being managed in accordance with the good site practices described in this EIA Report.  The audits should examine all aspects of waste management including waste generation, storage, recycling, transport and disposal.

11.7                        Cultural Heritage Impact

The literature review and field surveys confirmed the absence of any Declared Monuments, Deemed Monuments, graded buildings or known archaeological sites on Hei Ling Chau.  None of the identified pre-1950 and post-1950 potential standing sites of cultural heritage will be impacted by the Project.  The field surveys at the Project Site and the areas of the enabling works indicate that they have no archaeological potential.  The Project will not cause either direct or indirect adverse impacts to the cultural heritage resources on the island.

11.8                        Environmental Monitoring and Audit

Noise monitoring and construction site audits will be carried out during the construction phase to check for compliance with the relevant criteria. 

Noise monitoring (for a period of 12 months) and bird collision survey (for a period of 12 months) will be carried out during the operation phase. 

11.9                        Environmental Outcomes

The environmental impact assessment (covering noise, ecology, landscape and visual, water quality, waste management and cultural heritage) has concluded that no unacceptable environmental impacts are envisaged due to the construction and operation of the Project. 

Residual impacts associated with construction noise have been evaluated and considered as low and acceptable in terms of the magnitude and effects on the health.  No long-term unacceptable impact on the environment is anticipated. 

11.10                    Environmental Benefits

In support of the Government's effort in promoting community understanding of renewable energy and its feasibility in Hong Kong, the wind turbine pilot demonstration is expected to deliver following environmental benefits:

·           Provide local experience on the feasibility, siting, regulatory and permitting, design, construction, operation and maintenance of onshore wind energy application in Hong Kong;

·           Enable informed assessment of commercial-scale grid-connected wind energy application, as an alternative energy source, in Hong Kong; and

·           Promote community understanding of wind energy including its social, environmental and economic implications as well as development considerations relevant to Hong Kong. 



 

([1])    If CSD could arrange not to use this staff quarter (NSR N3), there will be no potential noise impact to this NSR.  Noise monitoring will not be required at this location.