11.                        ENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES

 

11.1                    Justification and Benefits of the Project

 

11.1.1              The Project is one of the works packages recommended by the Drainage Master Plan Study in the Northern New Territories (DMP Study). The DMP Study concluded that rapid developments in the study area have resulted in higher runoff and some existing drainage systems are inadequate in respect to flood protection capacities. Consequently, severe flooding occurs in these low-lying areas during heavy rainfall. The proposed drainage improvements to be carried out under the Project involve the construction of the secondary local drainage channels at Lin Ma Hang in the Ganges Basin and the secondary and local channels at Man Uk Pin in the Indus Basin. The purpose of the Project is to alleviate recurring flooding problems in Man Uk Pin and Lin Ma Hang areas by improving the secondary and local stormwater drainage systems in accordance with the recommendation of the DMP Study.

 

11.1.2              The Project is expected to contribute to the relief of the present drainage problems that have repeatedly led to severe flooding in the Man Uk Pin and Lin Ma Hang areas of Northern New Territories. It would minimise the danger to life, economic loss as well as disruption to everyday life as a result of flooding especially during the wet season.

 

11.2                    Population and Environmental Sensitive Areas Protected

 

11.2.1              Previous studies indicated that Lin Ma Hang stream has a high ecological value. There is currently a proposal to designate the Lin Ma Hang stream as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) due to the high diversity of freshwater fish of high conservation concern. The nearby Lin Ma Hang lead mine is a designated SSSI for bats. The DMP Study originally recommended a bypass channel to alleviate the flooding in Lin Ma Hang. In view of the ecological importance of the area, alternative means to alleviate flooding were considered to avoid direct ecological impacts on the aquatic life, wildlife and habitats that depend on the stream and its associated wetlands. The revised design includes short section of gabion channel at the downstream end, localized bank improvement, replacement of several access bridges, re-provision of the boundary security grilles and installation of flood alarm systems in the village. The existing fields on either side of the watercourse would act as flood plain, to provide additional storage during flood peaks. In addition, the use of gabions to replace the existing concrete lined banks and bed would improve the ecology of the stream over existing conditions. The planned SSSI lies upstream of the Lin Ma Hang village while the proposed improvement works are along and at the downstream of the village. There will be no adverse residual environmental impacts during construction and operational phases of the Project on the planned SSSI.

 

11.2.2              The upstream portion of MUP04A is a stretch of semi-natural stream. In view of the potential ecological value, this upstream portion has been avoided and retained. Flooding will be allowed to its surrounding abandoned agricultural land during rain storms. Only the downstream portion that has already been disturbed by village related development would be channelised with stepped gabion banks and mattress lining to alleviate the flooding risk to the nearby villages.

 

11.2.3              MUP05 is proposed to increase the capacity of the channel by modifying and widening of banks but maintaining the existing natural channel bottom (two-stage channel). Several sections of the channel bank have also been retained. A number of large trees will be preserved and protected with gabions within the channel.

 

11.2.4              In addition, the proposed works for MUP05 provided adequate flow capacity thereby allowing works for MUP01 & MUP02 (non-designated project elements) to be substantially scaled down. Only short sections of minor bank stabilization works would be required for MUP01 & MUP02 with most of the stream sections being retained. Both MUP01 & MUP02 have been identified as Ecologically Important Streams (EIS) in the ETWB and DSD circulars.

 

11.2.5              Resumption of private land hence disturbance to the public has been minimized by following the existing channel and road side drains.

 

11.2.6              By retaining existing stream beds as well as reusing excavated rocks for the gabions, the amount of public fill requiring disposal to public filling facilities can be minimized. Similarly, by reusing the excavated sediment, no marine disposal would be necessary. Hence reducing the burden on these disposal sites.

 

11.2.7              The overall population protected from flooding as result of the Project will be about 780 located in the Man Uk Pin and Lin Ma Hang areas of Northern New Territories.

 


11.3                    Environmental Friendly Designs Recommended

 

11.3.1              The principle of the channel design is to avoid environmental impacts while at the same time to provide adequate flow capacity to achieve the design flood protection standard, to consider public safety near unstable banks, to take into account land constraints, to minimize public disturbance from land resumption, cost effectiveness and ease of maintenance. Reference has also been made to the ETWB and DSD technical circulars on protection of natural streams/rivers.

 

11.3.2              When considering environmental impacts, minimization will be the key design principle only when avoidance is not possible. The following environmental friendly channel designs have been incorporated into the channel design.

 

§                  Natural stream beds and substrates would be retained as far as practicable. Sections of stream bed would be lined with original materials or natural substrates instead of using concrete lining.

 

§                  The proposed channel banks would be constructed mainly of rock filled gabion basket rather than concrete or grasscrete. Sections of the stream bank have been retained where feasible.

 

§                  Existing road side concrete drains would be replaced by trapezoidal channel with gabion banks and mattress lining. Existing concrete stream sections would be improved with gabions.

 

§                  Sediment would be allowed to accumulate in the channel to permit re-colonisation of aquatic organisms.

 

§                  ‘Two-stage’ channel design with the existing stream bed remains undisturbed is adopted for ecological significant sections of the watercourses.

 

§                  Several large trees along the stream would be preserved in-situ and protected with gabion mattress.

 

§                  Appropriate tree planting have been recommended to mitigate for the loss of riparian corridor and to improve the visual appearance of the proposed channels.

 


11.4                    Key Environmental Problems Avoided

 

11.4.1              The key environmental problems involve noise, water quality, ecological and landscape & visual impacts during the construction phase. Minor impacts from dust, waste and cultural heritage are expected.

 

11.4.2              The EIA study has critically assessed the overall acceptability of environmental impacts which are likely to arise as a result of the construction and operation of the proposed channels. Where necessary and practicable, the EIA study has specified the conditions and requirements for the detailed design, construction and operation of the Project in order to mitigate environmental impacts to an acceptable level.

 

11.4.3              The EIA study has demonstrated the acceptability of any residual impacts from the Project and the protection of the existing streams, adjacent residents, Conservation Area and environmentally sensitive resources. Environmental monitoring and audit works have been recommended before and during construction to verify the expectations of the EIA study and the effectiveness of the recommended mitigation measures.

 

11.5                    Environmental Benefits of Environmental Protection Measures Recommended

 

11.5.1              With the implementation of the recommended mitigation measures, no unacceptable residual environmental impacts are expected. Details of the implementation schedule of the recommended mitigation measures are summarized in Appendix G.