3                         impact assessment

3.1                   Introduction

3.1.1             The environmental impacts associated with the construction and operation of the Project are summarised in the following sections.

3.2                   Air Quality Impacts

Construction Phase

3.2.1             Potential air quality impacts arising from the construction of the Project would mainly be related to dust nuisance from excavation, material handling and wind erosion of the site.  With the implementation of appropriate dust control and suppression measures as stipulated in the Air Pollution Control (Construction Dust) Regulation and good site practices, no adverse dust impact at the air sensitive receivers would be expected. 

Operation Phase

3.2.2             The potential impacts arising from the background pollutant levels within and adjacent to the Project area, vehicle emissions from open road networks and the implementation of roadside noise barriers were assessed.  Results showed that the predicted air quality at the air sensitive receivers would comply with the Air Quality Objectives. 

 

 

 

3.3                   Noise Impacts

Construction Phase

3.3.1             Potential construction noise impacts would mainly be due to road works, minor slope works, and construction of noise barriers.  During normal daytime working hours, except Lakeshore Building and The Church of Christ in China Tam Lee Lai Fun Memorial Secondary School, the predicted noise levels at the noise sensitive receivers in the vicinity of the work site would comply with the construction noise criteria stipulated in the Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process (EIAO-TM).  With the implementation of noise mitigation measures such as the use of quiet powered mechanical equipment, movable noise barriers and scheduling of PMEs/construction activities, the noise levels at the noise sensitive receivers would comply with the EIAO-TM construction noise criteria.

Operation Phase

3.3.2             The potential road traffic noise impacts have been assessed based on Year 2024 traffic flow which would be maximum traffic projections within 15 years upon operation of the Project.  The noise levels at some noise sensitive receivers are predicted to exceed the EIAO-TM traffic noise criteria due to both widened TMR section and other existing roads.  Direct noise mitigation measures on the widened TMR road section were proposed to mitigate the corresponding noise impacts at affected noise sensitive receives including Tuen Mun Hospital Quarter, Victory Building, Lakeshore Building and SKH Mung Yan Primary School.

3.3.3             With two sections 6m high cantilevered noise barrier and low noise material surfacing on widened TMR section in place, the widened TMR section noise contributions to the overall noise levels at all representative NSRs would be less than 1.0 dB(A) and the noise levels from this widened section would all be below the relevant noise criteria, though the overall noise levels at most of the NSRs would still exceed the relevant noise criteria. However, it should be noted that such noise exceedances at the representative NSRs are due to the other existing roads.

3.3.4             Monitoring of road traffic noise is recommended to verify the effectiveness of the mitigation scheme during the first year after road opening.

3.4                   Water Quality

3.4.1             Potential sources of water quality impact associated with the road widening work and construction of noise barriers would be site runoff, discharges from construction activities and sewage effluent from workforce.  Water quality impacts from the land-based construction works can be controlled to acceptable levels by implementing the recommended mitigation measures.  All the effluents and runoff generated from the works areas shall be treated.  No unacceptable water quality impacts would be expected from the land-based construction activities.  Site inspections should be undertaken routinely to inspect the works areas in order to ensure the recommended mitigation measures are properly implemented.

3.4.2             For the operation phase, a surface water drainage system would be provided to collect runoff from the road during periods of rain.

3.5                   Waste Management Implications

3.5.1             Wastes generated by the construction activities are likely to include construction and demolition (C&D) materials from the construction works, general refuse from the workforce and chemical waste from any maintenance of construction plant and equipment.  Provided that these identified waste arisings are handled, transported and disposed of using approved methods and that the recommended good site practices are strictly followed, adverse environmental impacts would not be anticipated during the construction works.

3.6                   Land Contamination

3.6.1             The potential land contamination impacts in the study area have been examined.  Based on the findings from the desktop studies and site inspection, no contaminated sites were identified within/in vicinity of the Project boundary. No adverse environmental impacts on land contamination for the widening of Tuen Mun Road at Tsing Tin Interchange are anticipated.

3.7                   Hazard to Life

3.7.1             A hazard assessment has been conducted following the criteria for evaluating hazard to life as stated in Annexes 4 and 22 of the EIAO-TM (Hong Kong Risk Guidelines).  The assessment has evaluated hazardous scenarios from Tuen Mun Water Treatment Works (TMWTW) to both the construction and operation stages of the Project.   

3.7.2             Hazardous scenarios associated with the chlorine storage and on-site transport in the TMWTW and the respective occurrence frequencies has been identified and confirmed by reviewing of historical database to ensure hazards and its respective occurrence frequencies are acceptable for use.

3.7.3             A quantitative risk assessment (QRA) expressing population risks in both individual and societal terms has been conducted to evaluate the risk to population in the vicinity of the TMWTW.  This assessment considered the future growth of nearby population and the increase of traffic flow in future due to the opening of the HK-SWC and DBL.

3.7.4             In accordance with the results of the QRA, individual risk at the construction site is found to be less 1E-08 per year which is acceptable in comparison with the criteria (1E-05) as specific in the Risk Guidelines. With respect to societal risk, the FN curves indicated that no significant change in the risk level during construction stage and operation stage of the Project when compared with the baselines FN curve.

3.7.5             Recommendations for the construction period are given in order to ensure that the construction workers in the project site are well understanding of evacuation procedures when working in the consultation zone of the TMWTW.

 

3.8                   Ecological Impact

3.8.1             Ecological survey on terrestrial ecological resources for the Project has been undertaken.  The results of ecological survey identified 4 habitat types within the Assessment Area comprising woodland, village, developed area and watercourse. The identified woodland habitat is considered to have low to moderate ecological value, while all other habitats, village, developed area and watercourse, are of low value.

3.8.2             One species of fauna of conservation interest, Little Egret, have been recorded from the active Tuen Mun egretry and the embankment of the Tuen Mun River Channel in the Assessment Area. The Tuen Mun Egretry was located in highly urbanized area with existing heavy traffic flow. Although no nesting or breeding activities of Little Egret was recorded in recent survey, Egretry Count in 2006 observed that this Egretry was actively utilized by nesting Little Egret.

3.8.3             No direct impact on ecological important habitats, such as woodland habitat, would be resulted from the proposed works. The proposed construction works would only be conducted in the developed area where mainly comprises of Tuen Mun Road at Tsing Tin Interchange and the partly Castle Peak Road (San Hui) Park adjacent to and below the Tsing Tin Interchange. These habitats are considered as low ecological value and support no floral and faunal species of conservation importance. The impact on habitat loss is considered as low.

3.8.4             Another key impact is the removal of trees located within the footprint of the proposed works area. However, as all of the trees are common and widespread plantation species, the potential impact to the vegetation is considered low. To minimize direct loss of individual trees, transplanting and compensatory planting, not less than 1:1 ratio in terms of quality and quantity, would be provided.

3.8.5             During the construction phase, potential disturbance impact on nesting and breeding activities of Little Egret utilising the egretry and water quality impact on its feeding habitat would be resulted. With the implementation of effective noise and water quality control mitigation measures, such disturbance impact would be minimised. In addition, in view of the Tuen Mun Egretry is located in highly urbanized areas with high level of noise from the nearby existing heavy traffic flow and availability of alternative similar foraging area along the Tuen Mun River Channel, potential impact to breeding and feeding activities of Little Egret is considered as low.

3.8.6             Key operation phase impact is the potential bird mortality due to the transparent noise barrier for noise impact. With bird-friendly design of noise barriers, such as using non-glaring and tinted materials, putting falcon stickers on the transparent panels, the bird collision due to the noise barrier would be minimized. 

3.9                   Landscape and Visual Impact

3.9.1             Under the proposed development, approximately 1.03ha of Castle Peak Road (San Hui) Park will be temporarily closed and affected during the construction stage.  Approximately 0.09ha area of the park will be permanently lost for the widening of Tuen Mun Road.  It is considered that the residual landscape impact during operation on Castle Peak Road (San Hui) Park is slight with the implementation of mitigation measures.

3.9.2             Based on broad brush survey, approximately 47 trees will be affected by the construction of noise barrier, road widening and associated slope works.  None of these are Leisure and Cultural Services Department Champion Trees or Registered Old and Valuable Trees.  There are no rare species or endangered specie but common species.  All the trees with high amenity value which are unavoidably affected by the works will be transplanted where possible.  Detailed tree preservation, transplanting and felling including compensatory planting proposals will be submitted to relevant government departments for approval in accordance with ET WBTC no. 3/2006.

3.9.3             Impact on Landscape Character Areas (LCAs) during construction will be primarily due to the construction activities including associated temporary works for the road widening works and construction of noise barrier.  After implementation of mitigation measures, there will be moderate residual impacts on Transportation Corridor LCA and Park Urban LCA.  During Operation, all the LCAs will have insubstantial impacts with the implementation of mitigation measures.

3.9.4             With implementation of mitigation measures during construction, there would still be some moderate negative visual impact on the VSRs adjacent or close to the Project. Residual impacts on VSRs further away the works area would become slight to insubstantial.

3.9.5             Day 1 after the implementation of operation stage mitigation measures, there would still be slight adverse visual impact on the VSRs which are close to the Tsing Tin Interchange except R1(Lakeshore Building, Rich Building, Victory Building, Kim Po Building and Common Bond Building), GIC (CCC Tam Lee Lai Fun Memorial Secondary School), GIC4 (Kwong Choi Market) and O1 (Castle Peak Road (San Hui) Park) who will experience moderate visual impact. 10 years after the implementation of mitigation measures during operation, the residual impacts on all VSRs are insubstantial except R1 GIC1, GIC4 and O1 who will experience slight residual visual impact. Overall, it is considered that the residual landscape and visual impacts of the proposed development are considered as acceptable with mitigation measures during construction and operation phase.

 

3.10               Cultural Heritage Impacts

3.10.1         There are no archaeological resources identified within and in the vicinity of Project boundary, therefore, cultural heritage impact arising from the construction and operation phase of the Project is not anticipated.

3.11               Environmental Monitoring and Audit

3.11.1         Environmental monitoring and audit are recommended for construction dust, noise and water quality, to check compliance with relevant statutory criteria and to ensure the effectiveness of the mitigation measures.  Site inspection and audit are also recommended for waste management and implementation of landscaping during construction.  Details of the recommended mitigation measures, monitoring procedures and locations are presented in a stand-alone Environmental Monitoring and Audit (EM&A) Manual.  This will enable the Contractor to have early warning and provide necessary action to reduce impacts at specific areas if the critical assessment criteria are approached.  The effectiveness of on-site control measures would also be evaluated through a monitoring exercise.  All the recommended mitigation measures will be incorporated in an EM&A programme during implementation.