Environmental Protection Department

 

West New Territories (WENT) Landfill Extensions

 

Environmental Impact Assessment Report

 

Contents

 

 

1       INTRODUCTION                                                                                                                  

1.1      Project Background                                                                                                    

1.2      Purpose and Scope of the EIA Study                                                                           

1.3      The Approach                                                                                                            

1.4      Structure of the EIA Report                                                                                         

 

2       DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT                                                                                               

         2.1      Key Project Requirements                                                                                          

         2.2      Need for the Project                                                                                                   

         2.3      Consideration of Alternatives                                                                                       

         2.4      Selection of Preferred Layout Options                                                                          

         2.5      Site Location and Site History                                                                                     

         2.6      Scope of the Project                                                                                                   

         2.7      Size, Scale, Shape and Design of the Project                                                               

         2.8      Contractual Arrangements                                                                                          

         2.9      Project Timetable                                                                                                       

         2.10    Concurrent Projects                                                                                                              

         2.11    “What if IWMF not proceed”                                                                                        

 

3       AIR QUALITY IMPACT                                                                                                        

3.1      Introduction                                                                                                               

3.2      Environmental Legislation, Standards and Guideline                                                      

3.3      Description of the Existing WENT Landfill and WENT Landfill Extension                         

3.4      Air Sensitive Receivers                                                                                               

3.5      Identification of Air Pollution Source and Environmental Impact                                       

3.6      Assessment Methodology                                                                                          

3.7      Prediction and Evaluation of Air Quality Impact                                                             

3.8      Mitigation Measures                                                                                                   

3.9      Residual Environmental Impact                                                                                    

3.10    Conclusion                                                                                                                

 

4       NOISE IMPACT                                                                                                                   

4.1      Introduction                                                                                                               

4.2      Environmental Legislation, Standards and Guidelines                                                    

4.3      Noise Sensitive Receivers                                                                                           

4.4      Construction Noise Assessment                                                                                 

4.5      Road Traffic Noise Assessment                                                                                   

4.6      On-Site Operation Noise Assessment                                                                          

4.7      Conclusion                                                                                                                

 

5       WATER QUALITY IMPACT                                                                                                  

5.1      Introduction                                                                                                               

5.2      Environmental Legislation, Standards and Guidelines                                                    

5.3      Baseline Conditions                                                                                                   

5.4      Water Sensitive Receivers                                                                                          

5.5      Potential Impacts of Different Phases                                                                           

5.6      Construction Phase                                                                                                    

5.7      Operation Phase                                                                                                        

5.8      Restoration and Aftercare Phase                                                                                 

5.9      Cumulative Impacts                                                                                                    

5.10    Residual Impacts                                                                                                       

5.11    Conclusion                                                                                                                

5.12    Reference                                                                                                                  

 

6       WASTE MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS                                                                              

6.1      Introduction                                                                                                               

6.2      Legislation, Standards and Guidelines                                                                         

6.3      Assessment Methodology                                                                                          

6.4      Identification and Evaluation of Waste Management Implications                                    

6.5      Mitigation Measures                                                                                                   

6.6      Residual Impacts                                                                                                       

6.7      Environmental Audit                                                                                                   

6.8      Implication of STF Implementation                                                                               

6.9      Conclusion                                                                                                                

 

7.      LANDFILL GAS HAZARD ASSESSMENT                                                                             

7.1      Introduction                                                                                                               

7.2      Legislation, Standards and Guidelines                                                                         

7.3      Background Information                                                                                              

7.4      LFG Hazard Assessment                                                                                           

7.5      Qualitative Risk Assessment                                                                                      

7.6      Protective and Precautionary Measures                                                                       

7.7      Monitoring Requirement                                                                                              

7.8      Conclusion                                                                                                                

 

8       IMPACT ON LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL                                                                              

8.1      General                                                                                                                     

8.2      Environmental Legislation & Standards                                                                        

8.3      Baseline Study Methodology                                                                                       

8.4      Residual Impacts Assessment Methodology                                                                

8.5      Baseline Condition                                                                                                     

8.6      Planning and Development Control Review                                                                    

8.7      Mitigation Measures                                                                                                   

8.8      Landscape Impact Assessment                                                                                  

8.9      Visual Impact Assessment                                                                                         

8.10    Cumulative Impacts                                                                                                    

8.11    “What If IWMF not proceed                                                                                        

8.12    Conclusion                                                                                                                

 

9       IMPACT ON CULTURAL HERITAGE                                                                                    

9.1      Introduction                                                                                                               

9.2      Environmental Legislation & Standards                                                                        

9.3      Built Heritage Impact Assessment                                                                               

9.4      Archaeological Impact Assessment                                                                             

9.5      “What If IWMF not proceed                                                                                        

9.6      Mitigation Recommendations                                                                                      

9.7      Conclusion                                                                                                                

9.8      References                                                                                                                

 

10      ECOLOGICAL IMPACT                                                                                                       

10.1    Introduction                                                                                                               

10.2    Relevant Legislation and Guidelines                                                                             

10.3    Key Ecological Issues                                                                                                

10.4    Results of Literature Review                                                                                        

10.5    Field Survey Scope and Methodology                                                                          

10.6    Results of Field Surveys                                                                                             

10.7    Impact Identification and Evaluation                                                                             

10.8    Impact Avoidance and Mitigation Measures                                                                  

10.9    Residual Ecological Impacts                                                                                       

10.10  Ecological Monitoring and Audits                                                                                 

10.11  Conclusion                                                                                                                

10.12  Reference                                                                                                                  

 

11      POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSOCIATED WITH PULVERIZED FUEL ASH

11.1    Introduction                                                                                                               

11.2    Health Hazard of Radon                                                                                              

11.3    Radon Characteristics of the Project                                                                            

11.4    Risk Assessment of Radon Emission Associated with PFA                                           

11.5    Recommended Measures to Control Radon Health Risk                                                

11.6    “What if IWMF not proceed”                                                                                        

11.7    Conclusions                                                                                                              

11.8    Reference                                                                                                                  

                  

12      ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND AUDIT REQUIREMENTS                                           

12.1    Introduction                                                                                                               

12.2    Project Organisation                                                                                                   

12.3    EM&A Manual and Implementation Schedule                                                               

12.4    EM&A Programme                                                                                                     

12.5    Method Statements                                                                                                    

 

13      3-DIMENSIONAL EIA                                                                                                           

14      CONCLUSION                                                                                                                     

14.1    Option Evaluation                                                                                                       

14.2    Air Quality Impact                                                                                                      

14.3    Noise Impact                                                                                                             

14.4    Water Quality                                                                                                            

14.5    Waste Management                                                                                                   

14.6    Landfill Gas Hazards                                                                                                  

14.7    Landscape and Visual Impact                                                                                     

14.8    Cultural Heritage Impact                                                                                             

14.9    Ecological Impact                                                                                                      

14.10  Pulverized Fuel Ash Impact                                                                                         

14.11  Summary of Environmental Outcome                                                                           

14.12  Environmental Monitoring and Audit                                                                             

14.13  Overall Conclusion                                                                                                     

 

Appendices

 

Appendix 2.1        Tentative Outline Programme

 

Appendix 3.1a      Past Monitoring Record for the Removal Efficiency of Flaring System

Appendix 3.1b      Past 10-year Odour Complaint Records

Appendix 3.2        Adjustment of Background NO2, SO2 and RSP at Black Point Power Station and Castle Peak Power Station

Appendix 3.3        Detailed Calculations of Dust Emission Rate

Appendix 3.4        Detailed Calculations of Vehicular Emission Rate

Appendix 3.5        Detailed Calculations of Emissions from WENT Landfill Extension, Existing WENT Landfill, and Marine Vessels

Appendix 3.6        Emission Inventory

Appendix 3.7        Odour Measurement Results

Appendix 3.8        Odour Modelling Parameter and Detailed Calculations of Odour Emissions from Deodouriser Units

Appendix 3.9        Detailed Results of Construction Dust Assessment

Appendix 3.10      Detailed Assessment Results of AQO Pollutants

Appendix 3.11      Detailed Assessment Results of Non-AQO Pollutants

 

Appendix 4.1        Construction Plant Inventory and SWLs

Appendix 4.2a      Construction Noise Impacts

Appendix 4.2b      Cumulative Construction Noise Impacts

Appendix 4.3        Road Traffic Noise Calculation

Appendix 4.4        Operation Noise Calculation

Appendix 4.5        Path Difference for Barges

 

Appendix 5.1        Groundwater monitoring data of Existing WENT Landfill in 2006 and 2007

Appendix 5.2        Groundwater measurement results for WENT Landfill Extension

Appendix 5.3        Meteorological Data

Appendix 5.4        Leachate Generation for Existing WENT Landfill

 

Appendix 6.1        Summary Table for Waste Management

Appendix 6.2        Waste Management Plan

 

Appendix 7.1        Gas Monitoring Data from 2002 to 2006 of Existing WENT Landfill

Appendix 7.2        Chapter 8 of LFG Guidance Note

Appendix 7.3        Landfill Gas Protection Measures in Existing WENT Landfill

Appendix 7.4        Specific Landfill Gas Protection Measures for Building Services

 

Appendix 9.1        Photos

Appendix 9.2        Grave Record

Appendix 9.3        Tables

 

Appendix 10.1      Survey frequency for various taxa

Appendix 10.2      Plant Species Recorded within the Study Area

Appendix 10.3      Avifauna Recorded in the Study Area

Appendix 10.4      Dragonfly Recorded in the Study Area

Appendix 10.5      Butterfly Recorded in the Study Area

Appendix 10.6      Herpetofauna & Mammals Recorded in the Study Area

Appendix 10.7      Aquatic Fauna & Intertidal Fauna Recorded during the present study

 

Figures

 

Figure 1.1             Location Plan

 

Figure 2.1             Layout Option 1

Figure 2.2             Layout Option 2

Figure 2.3             Layout Option 3

Figure 2.4             Layout Option 4

Figure 2.5             Layout Option 5

Figure 2.6             Site Formation Phasing Plan

Figure 2.7             Layout Option 4A

 

Figure 3.1             Existing WENT Landfill Dust Monitoring Locations ASR 4 & ASR 13

Figure 3.2             Existing WENT Landfill VOC Monitoring Locations OM2 to OM5

Figure 3.3             Air Sensitive Receivers

Figure 3.4a           Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 1 – Scenario 1A)

Figure 3.4b           Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 1 – Scenario 1B)

Figure 3.4c           Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 2 + Phase 3 – Scenario 2A)

Figure 3.4d           Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 2 + Phase 3 – Scenario 2B)

Figure 3.4e           Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 2 + Phase 3 – Scenario 2C)

Figure 3.4f            Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 4 + Phase 5 – Scenario 3A)

Figure 3.4g           Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 4 + Phase 5 – Scenario 3B)

Figure 3.4h           Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 1 – Scenario 1)

Figure 3.4i            Dust Emission Source Locations (Contribution from WENT Landfill Extension – Scenario 1)

Figure 3.4j            Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 2 + Phase 3 – Scenario 2)

Figure 3.4k           Dust Emission Source Locations (Contribution from WENT Landfill Extension – Scenario 2)

Figure 3.4l            Dust Emission Source Locations (Existing WENT Landfill + WENT Landfill Extension Phase 4 + Phase 5 – Scenario 3)

Figure 3.4m          Dust Emission Source Locations (Contribution from WENT Landfill Extension – Scenario 3)

Figure 3.5a           Locations of Potential Emission Sources

Figure 3.5b           NO2 & SO2 Emission Sources Location

Figure 3.6             Locations of Deodouriser Units

Figure 3.7a           Locations of Tipping Faces

Figure 3.7b           Locations of Tipping Faces (with Mitigation)

Figure 3.8a-1        Contours of 1-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 1A)

Figure 3.8a-2        Contours of 24-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 1A)

Figure 3.8a-3        Contours of 1-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 1B)

Figure 3.8a-4        Contours of 24-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 1B)

Figure 3.8a-5        Contours of Annual TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 1)

Figure 3.8a-6        Contours of Annual TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 1 – WENT Extension only)

Figure 3.8a-7        Contours of Contribution of WENT Extension to Annual TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 1)

Figure 3.8a           Contours of 1-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2A)

Figure 3.8b           Contours of 24-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2A)

Figure 3.8c           Contours of 1-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2B)

Figure 3.8d           Contours of 24-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2B)

Figure 3.8d-1        Contours of 1-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2C)

Figure 3.8d-2        Contours of 24-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2C)

Figure 3.8e           Contours of Annual TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2)

Figure 3.8f            Contours of Annual TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2 – WENT Extension only)

Figure 3.8g           Contours of Contribution of WENT Extension to Annual TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2)

Figure 3.8h           Contours of 1-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 3A)

Figure 3.8i            Contours of 24-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 3A)

Figure 3.8j            Contours of 1-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 3B)

Figure 3.8k           Contours of 24-hour TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 3B)

Figure 3.8l            Contours of Annual TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 3)

Figure 3.8m          Contours of Annual TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 3 – WENT Extension only)

Figure 3.8n           Contours of Contribution of WENT Extension to Annual TSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 3)

Figure 3.9a           Contours of 1-hour NO2 Concentration at 1.5m above Ground

Figure 3.9b           Contours of 1-hour SO2 Concentration at 1.5m above Ground

Figure 3.9c           Contours of 24-hour NO2 Concentration at 1.5m above Ground

Figure 3.9d           Contours of 24-hour SO2 Concentration at 1.5m above Ground

Figure 3.9e           Contours of 24-hour RSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground

Figure 3.9f            Contours of Annual NO2 Concentration at 1.5m above Ground

Figure 3.9g           Contours of Annual SO2 Concentration at 1.5m above Ground

Figure 3.9h           Contours of Annual RSP Concentration at 1.5m above Ground

Figure 3.10a         Contours of Odour Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 1)

Figure 3.10b         Contours of Odour Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 2 with Mitigation)

Figure 3.10c         Contours of Odour Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 3)

Figure 3.10d         Contours of Odour Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 4 with Mitigation)

Figure 3.10e         Contours of Odour Concentration at 1.5m above Ground (Scenario 5 with Mitigation)

 

Figure 4.1             Locations of NSRs

Figure 4.2a           Notional Distance from NSR-1

Figure 4.2b           Notional Distance from NSR-2

Figure 4.3             Off-site Receivers along Lung Kwu Tan Road

Figure 4.4             Distances of NSR-1 from Barges and Plants

Figure 4.5             Existing Berths and Noise Bund

Figure 4.6             Screening Effect for Tipping Activities

 

Figure 5.1             Groundwater Monitoring Stations at Existing WENT Landfill

Figure 5.2             Marine Water Quality Monitoring Stations (DM4, DM5 and NM5)

Figure 5.3             River Water Monitoring Stations in Deep Bay Water Control Zone

Figure 5.4             Water Sensitive Receivers

Figure 5.4a           Proposed Drainage Layout

Figure 5.5             Groundwater Contours for WENT Landfill Extension

Figure 5.6             Schematic Diagram of the Leachate Treatment Plant

 

Figure 7.1             Geological Map

Figure 7.2             Existing WENT Landfill Gas Monitoring Locations

Figure 7.3             Landfill Liner and Final Capping Details

Figure 7.4             LFG Consultation Zone, Sensitive Receivers, Fault Lines and Indicative Location / Alignment of LFG Cut-Off Trench Barrier          

Figure 7.5             Mitigation Measures (Sealing of Fault Line)

Figure 7.6             Typical Design of LFG Cut-Off Trench Barrier

Figure 7.7             Existing Landfill and Landfill Extension Gas Monitoring Plan

 

Figure 8.1             Aerial Photo

Figure 8.2             Landscape Character Area Plan

Figure 8.3             Landscape Resource Plan

Figure 8.4             Visually Sensitive Receiver Plan

Figure 8.5             View of VSR1

Figure 8.6             View of VSR2

Figure 8.7             View of VSR3 (Sheet 1 of 2)

Figure 8.7a           View of VSR3 (Sheet 2 of 2)

Figure 8.8             View of VSR4 (Sheet 1 of 3)

Figure 8.8a           View of VSR4 (Sheet 2 of 3)

Figure 8.8b           View of VSR4 (Sheet 3 of 3)

Figure 8.9             View of VSR5 (Sheet 1 of 2)

Figure 8.9a           View of VSR5 (Sheet 2 of 2)

Figure 8.10           View of VSR6 (Sheet 1 of 2)

Figure 8.10a         View of VSR6 (Sheet 2 of 2)

Figure 8.11           View of VSR7

Figure 8.12           Landscape Plan

Figure 8.13           Tree Survey Boundary

 

Figure 9.1             Location of Cultural Heritage Survey at WENT Landfill Extension

Figure 9.2             Location of Built Heritage

Figure 9.3             Geological Map of Study Area

Figure 9.4             1963 Map of the Study Area

Figure 9.5             Previous Achaeological Works at Tsang Tsui Archaeological Site

Figure 9.6             Plan of Idendified Tsang Tsui Site and Archaeological Study Area

Figure 9.7             Controal Points for Archaeological Survey within Study Area

Figure 9.8             Distribution of 2008 Archaeological Works at Tsang Tsui

Figure 9.9             Section Profiles of Test Pits T16 to T18

Figure 9.10           Section Profiles of Test Pits T19 to T21

Figure 9.11           Section Profiles of Test Pits T22 to T24

Figure 9.12           Section Profiles of Test Pits T25 to T27

Figure 9.13           Section Profiles of Test Pits T28 to T30

Figure 9.14           Revised Boundary of Tsang Tsui Archaeological Site

 

Figure 10.1           Study area, sites/features of conservation importance and sampling locations for fauna

Figure 10.2           Habitat map and species of conservation interest

Figure 10.3           Photos of habitats and species of conservation interest

Figure 10.4           Distribution of Chinese White Dolphins in Hong Kong waters (April 2007 – March 2008) (Source AFCD 2008)

Figure 10.5           Sighting density of Chinese White Dolphin with corrected survey effort per km2 using data collected during 2002-2007 (SPSE = no. of on-effort dolphin sightings per 100 units of survey effort) (Source: AFCD 2008)

Figure 10.6           Sampling stations of the CPCC benthic survey

Figure 10.7           Proposed site for translocation of Pitcher Plant

Figure 10.8           Cross section of mitigation pond for Little Grebe