1. Introduction

1.1 Purpose of the Manual

The purpose of this Environmental Monitoring and Audit (EM&A) Manual (hereafter referred to as the Manual) is to guide the setup of an EM&A programme to ensure compliance with the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study recommendations, to assess the effectiveness of the recommended mitigation measures and to identify any further need for additional mitigation measures or remedial action. This Manual outlines the monitoring and audit programme proposed for the “Liantang / Heung Yuen Wai Boundary Control Point and Associated Works (LT/HYW)” (The Project).

It should be noted that this EM&A Manual would be further reviewed and updated where necessary.

1.2 Project Background

There are currently four existing boundary control points (BCPs) that provide vehicular crossing at the Hong Kong – Shenzhen boundary within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). These existing BCPs include Shenzhen Bay and Lok Ma Chau on the western side of the New Territories, as well as Man Kam To and Sha Tau Kok on the eastern side. The existing vehicular crossing points at Man Kam To and Sha Tau Kok have already reached their capacity limits, but scope for desirable expansion to enhance their capacities is limited by site constraints and the capacity of connecting roads on both Hong Kong and Shenzhen sides.

It is anticipated that the volume of cross-boundary traffic will continue to increase with the closer ties of Hong Kong-Shenzhen and the completion of the planned Eastern Corridor in Shenzhen. Therefore, it was identified necessary to establish a new BCP in the eastern part of Hong Kong-Shenzhen boundary to meet the future traffic demand and re-distribute cross-boundary traffic amongst the crossings in the east.

In December 2006, the Hong Kong Government and the Shenzhen Government jointly commissioned a study entitled “Preliminary Planning Study on Developing Liantang/Heung Yuen Wai Control Point” (hereafter referred to as “the Joint Study”) to examine the need, benefit and function of a new BCP at LT/HYW. The Joint Study confirmed the need for a new BCP at LT/HYW.

In January 2007, the Planning Department commissioned a consultancy study entitled “Planning Study on Liantang/Heung Yuen Wai Cross-boundary Control Point and its Associated Connecting Roads in Hong Kong – Feasibility Study” (hereafter referred to as “the Feasibility Study”) to examine the land, planning, traffic and engineering implications and its associated connecting road within Hong Kong territory for the LT/HYW BCP. With evaluation of a number of alternative options, the Feasibility Study (FS) put forward a preferred layout of the LT/HYW BCP and preferred alignment of the LT/HYW BCP connecting road.

On 18 September 2008, at the second meeting of the Hong Kong-Shenzhen Joint Task Force on Boundary District Development, the two Governments endorsed the major findings of the Joint Study and jointly announced to implement the LT/HYW BCP after the meeting on the following basis:

(a) The LT/HYW BCP would adopt the separate-location model but design of the BCP should maximize convenience to users including the construction of an integrated passenger hall over the Shenzhen River;

(b) The LT/HYW BCP on Hong Kong side would require resumption and resite of Chuk Yuen Village;

(c) The connecting road with the LT/HYW BCP on Hong Kong side would adopt the alignment leading to Tolo/Fanling Highway in the eastern direction; and

(d) The design and construction of the LT/HYW BCP should be packaged with the improvement works of Liantang section of the Shenzhen River.

Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Ltd. (MMHK) was commissioned by the Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD) on 24 April 2009 under Agreement No. CE 45/2008 (CE) to provide professional services to address issues related to the planning, design and construction of the Project and to work out details of the Project to an extent to enable CEDD to take forward the Project to the detailed design and construction stages.

1.3 Project Alignment

The Project consists of two main components, construction of a BCP; and construction of a connecting road alignment.

The proposed BCP is located at the boundary with Shenzhen near the existing Chuk Yuen Village. The site will be comprised of a main passenger building with passenger and cargo processing facilities and associated customs, transport and ancillary facilities. Connection to Shenzhen side will be via several bridges over the Shenzhen River.

The connecting road alignment consists of six main sections:

1. Lin Ma Hang to Frontier Closed Area (FCA) Boundary – this section comprises at-grade and viaducts and includes the improvement works at Lin Ma Hang Road;

2. Ping Yeung to Wo Keng Shan – this section stretches from the Frontier Closed Area Boundary to the tunnel portal at Cheung Shan and comprises at-grade and viaducts including an interchange at Ping Yeung;

3. North Tunnel – this section comprises the tunnel segment at Cheung Shan and includes a ventilation building at the portals on either end of the tunnel;

4. Sha Tau Kok Road – this section stretches from the tunnel portal at Wo Keng Shan to the tunnel portal south of Loi Tung and comprises at-grade and viaducts including an interchange at Sha Tau Kok and an administration building;

5. South Tunnel – this section comprises a tunnel segment that stretches from Loi Tung to Fanling and includes a ventilation building at the portals on either end of the tunnel as well as a ventilation building in the middle of the tunnel near Lau Shui Heung;

6. Fanling – this section comprises the at-grade, viaducts and interchange connection to the existing Fanling Highway.

Figure 1.1 shows the Project layout and corresponding sections.

1.4 Tentative Construction Programme

Construction of the Project is expected to commence in mid-2013 for completion in mid-2018. The tentative construction programme is given in Appendix 2.1 of the EIA Report.

1.5 Project Organisation

The proposed project organisation is shown in Figure 1.2. The responsibilities of respective parties are:

Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD)

CEDD will be the Project Proponent of the development of the Project and will assume overall responsibility for the project.

Environmental Protection Department (EPD)

EPD is the statutory enforcement body for environmental protection matters in Hong Kong.

Engineer or Engineer’s Representative (ER)

The ER is responsible for overseeing the construction works and for ensuring that the works are undertaken by the Contractor in accordance with the specification and contract requirements. The duties and responsibilities of the ER with respect to EM&A are:

§ Monitor the Contractors’ compliance with contract specifications, including the implementation and operation of the environmental mitigation measures and their effectiveness

§ Employ an Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) to audit the results of the EM&A works carried out by the ET

§ Monitor Contractors’, ET’s and IEC’s compliance with the requirements in the Environmental Permit (EP) and EM&A Manual

§ Facilitate ET’s implementation of the EM&A programme

§ Participate in joint site inspection by the ET and IEC

§ Oversee the implementation of the agreed Event / Action Plan in the event of any exceedance

§ Adhere to the procedures for carrying out complaint investigation

§ Liaison with DSD, Engineer/Engineer’s Representative, ET, IEC and the Contractor of the “Construction of the DSD’s Regulaiton of Shenzhen River Stage 4 (RSR 4)” Project discussing regarding the cumulative impact issues.

The Contractor

The Contractor should report to the ER. The duties and responsibilities of the Contractor are:

§ Comply with the relevant contract conditions and specifications on environmental protection

§ Employ an Environmental Team (ET) to undertake monitoring, laboratory analysis and reporting of EM&A

§ Facilitate ET’s monitoring and site inspection activities

§ Participate in the site inspections by the ET and IEC, and undertake any corrective actions

§ Provide information / advice to the ET regarding works programme and activities which may contribute to the generation of adverse environmental impacts

§ Submit proposals on mitigation measures in case of exceedances of Action and Limit levels in accordance with the Event / Action Plans

§ Implement measures to reduce impact where Action and Limit levels are exceeded

§ Adhere to the procedures for carrying out complaint investigation

Environmental Team (ET)

The ET shall not be in any way an associated body of the Contractor, and shall be employed by the Project Proponent/Contractor to conduct the EM&A programme. The ET should be managed by the ET Leader. The ET Leader shall be a person who has at least 7 years’ experience in EM&A and has relevant professional qualifications. The appointment of ET Leader should be subject to the approval of EPD. Suitably qualified staff should be included in the ET, and resources for the implementation of the EM&A programme should be allocated in time under the Contract, to enable fulfilment of the Project’s EM&A requirements as specified in the EM&A Manual during construction of the Project. The ET shall report to the Project Proponent and the duties shall include:

§ Monitor and audit various environmental parameters as required in this EM&A Manual

§ Analyse the environmental monitoring and audit data, review the success of EM&A programme and the adequacy of mitigation measures implemented, confirm the validity of the EIA predictions and identify any adverse environmental impacts arising

§ Carry out regular site inspection to investigate and audit the Contractors' site practice, equipment/plant and work methodologies with respect to pollution control and environmental mitigation, and effect proactive action to pre-empt problems

§ Monitor compliance with conditions in the EP, environmental protection, pollution prevention and control regulations and contract specifications

§ Audit environmental conditions on site

§ Report on the environmental monitoring and audit results to EPD, the ER, the IEC and Contractor or their delegated representatives

§ Recommend suitable mitigation measures to the Contractor in the case of exceedance of Action and Limit levels in accordance with the Event and Action Plans

§ Liaise with the IEC on all environmental performance matters and timely submit all relevant EM&A proforma for approval by IEC

§ Advise the Contractor on environmental improvement, awareness, enhancement measures etc.,on site

§ Adhere to the procedures for carrying out complaint investigation

Independent Environmental Checker (IEC)

The Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) should not be in any way an associated body of the Contractor or the ET for the Project. The IEC should be employed by the Project Proponent/ Engineer prior to the commencement of the construction of the Project. The IEC should have at least 10 years’ experience in EM&A and have relevant professional qualifications. The appointment of IEC should be subject to the approval of EPD. The IEC should:

§ Provide proactive advice to the ER and the Project Proponent on EM&A matters related to the project, independent from the management of construction works, but empowered to audit the environmental performance of construction

§ Review and audit all aspects of the EM&A programme implemented by the ET

§ Review and verify the monitoring data and all submissions in connection with the EP and EM&A Manual submitted by the ET

§ Arrange and conduct regular, at least monthly site inspections of the works during construction phase, and ad hoc inspections if significant environmental problems are identified

§ Check compliance with the agreed Event / Action Plan in the event of any exceedance

§ Check compliance with the procedures for carrying out complaint investigation

§ Check the effectiveness of corrective measures

§ Feedback audit results to ET by signing off relevant EM&A proforma

§ Check that the mitigation measures are effectively implemented

§ Report the works conducted, the findings, recommendation and improvement of the site inspections, after reviewing ET’s and Contractor’s works, and advices to the ER and Project Proponent on a monthly basis

2. Air Quality Impact

2.1 Construction Air Quality Monitoring

Dust monitoring is considered necessary during the construction phase and regular site inspections are required to ensure that the dust control measures are properly implemented.

2.1.1 Monitoring Requirements

Monitoring and audit of the Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) levels should be carried out by the ET to ensure that any deteriorating air quality could be readily detected and timely actions taken to rectify the situation.

1-hour or 24-hour TSP levels should be measured to indicate the impacts of construction dust on air quality. The TSP levels should be measured by following the standard high volume sampling method as set out in the Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter 1 (Part 50), Appendix B. Upon approval of the ER, 1-hour TSP levels can be measured by direct reading methods which are capable of producing comparable results as that by the high volume sampling method, to indicate short event impacts.

All relevant data including temperature, pressure, weather conditions, elapsed-time meter reading for the start and stop of the sampler, identification and weight of the filter paper, other special phenomena and work progress of the concerned project area etc. should be recorded. A sample data record sheet is shown in Appendix B. The ET may develop project specific data record sheet to suit this EM&A programme.

2.1.2 Monitoring Equipment

The ET is responsible for provision of the monitoring equipment. He should ensure that sufficient number of equipment with appropriate calibration kits are available for carrying out the baseline monitoring, regular impact monitoring and ad hoc monitoring. All the equipment should be clearly labelled.

High Volume Sampler (HVS) in compliance with the following specifications should be used for carrying out the 1-hour or 24-hour TSP monitoring:

§ 0.6 - 1.7 m³/min (20 - 60 standard cubic feet per minute) adjustable flow range;

§ equipped with a timing / control device with +/- 5 minutes accuracy for 24 hours operation;

§ installed with elapsed-time meter with +/- 2 minutes accuracy for 24 hours operation;

§ capable of providing a minimum exposed area of 406 cm² (63 in²);

§ flow control accuracy: +/- 2.5% deviation over 24-hr sampling period;

§ equipped with a shelter to protect the filter and sampler;

§ incorporated with an electronic mass flow rate controller or other equivalent devices;

§ equipped with a flow recorder for continuous monitoring;

§ provided with a peaked roof inlet;

§ incorporated with a manometer;

§ able to hold and seal the filter paper to the sampler housing at horizontal position;

§ easy to change the filter, and

§ capable of operating continuously for 24-hour period.

The ET is responsible for provision of the monitoring equipment. They shall ensure that sufficient number of HVSs with an appropriate calibration kit are available for carrying out the baseline monitoring, regular impact monitoring and ad hoc monitoring. The HVSs shall be equipped with an electronic mass flow controller and be calibrated against a traceable standard at regular intervals. All the equipment, calibration kit, filter papers, etc., shall be clearly labelled.

Initial calibration of dust monitoring equipment shall be conducted upon installation and thereafter at bi-monthly intervals. The transfer standard shall be traceable to the internationally recognised primary standard and be calibrated annually. The concern parties such as IEC shall properly document the calibration data for future reference. All the data should be converted into standard temperature and pressure condition.

The flow-rate of the sampler before and after the sampling exercise with the filter in position shall be verified to be constant and be recorded in the data sheet as mentioned in Appendix B.

If the ET proposes to use a direct reading dust meter to measure 1-hour TSP levels, he shall submit sufficient information to the IEC to prove that the instrument is capable of achieving a comparable result to the HVS. The instrument should also be calibrated regularly, and the 1-hour sampling shall be determined periodically by the HVS to check the validity and accuracy of the results measured by direct reading method. A sample data sheet is shown in Appendix B.

Wind data monitoring equipment shall also be provided and set up for logging wind speed and wind direction near the dust monitoring locations. The equipment installation location shall be proposed by the ET and agreed with the IEC. For installation and operation of wind data monitoring equipment, the following points shall be observed:

§ The wind sensors should be installed 10 m above ground so that they are clear of obstructions or turbulence caused by buildings.

§ The wind data should be captured by a data logger. The data shall be downloaded for analysis at least once a month.

§ The wind data monitoring equipment should be re-calibrated at least once every six months.

§ Wind direction should be divided into 16 sectors of 22.5 degrees each.

In exceptional situations, the ET may propose alternative methods to obtain representative wind data upon approval from the ER and agreement from the IEC.

2.1.3 Laboratory Measurement / Analysis

A clean laboratory with constant temperature and humidity control, and equipped with necessary measuring and conditioning instruments to handle the dust samples collected, shall be available for sample analysis, and equipment calibration and maintenance. The laboratory should be HOKLAS accredited.

If a site laboratory is set up or a non-HOKLAS accredited laboratory is hired for carrying out the laboratory analysis, the laboratory equipment shall be approved by the ER and the measurement procedures shall be witnessed by the IEC. Any measurement performed by the laboratory shall be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the ER and IEC. IEC shall regularly audit to the measurement performed by the laboratory to ensure the accuracy of measurement results. The ET Leader shall provide the ER with one copy of the Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter 1 (Part 50), Appendix B for his reference.

Filter paper of size 8" x 10" shall be labelled before sampling. It shall be a clean filter paper with no pinholes, and shall be conditioned in a humidity-controlled chamber for over 24-hours and be pre-weighed before use for the sampling.

After sampling, the filter paper loaded with dust shall be kept in a clean and tightly sealed plastic bag. The filter paper shall then be returned to the laboratory for reconditioning in the humidity-controlled chamber followed by accurate weighing by an electronic balance with readout down to 0.1 mg. The balance shall be regularly calibrated against a traceable standard.

2.1.4 Monitoring Locations

Nine air quality monitoring locations are proposed and summarised in Table 2.1 and shown in Figure 2.1. As approval is needed from the premises landlord for dust monitoring equipment installation, it is not certain that a suitable location would be approved. The status and locations of dust sensitive receivers may change after issuing this manual. If such cases exist, the ET should propose updated monitoring locations and seek agreement from EPD.

Table 2.1: Construction Air Quality Monitoring Stations

ID	ID adopted in EIA	Description	Works Area
AM1	TYH	Tsung Yuen Ha Village House No. 63	BCP
AM2	V1	Village House near Lin Ma Hang Road	Lin Ma Hang to Frontier Closed Area
AM3	TKL2	Ta Kwu Ling Village House	Lin Ma Hang to Frontier Closed Area
AM4	KTW4	Kan Tau Wai Village House	Lin Ma Hang to Frontier Closed Area
AM5	PY1	Ping Yeung Village House	Ping Yeung to Wo Keng Shan
AM6	WKS7	Wo Keng Shan Village House	Ping Yeung to Wo Keng Shan
AM7	TTW3	Tai Tong Wu Village House	Sha Tau Kok Road
AM8	PKT2	Po Kat Tsai Village	Po Kat Tsai
AM9	NWP1	Nam Wa Po Village House No. 78	Fanling

When alternative monitoring locations are proposed, the proposed site should, as far as practicable:

§ be at the site boundary or such locations close to the major dust emission source;

§ be close to the sensitive receptors; and

§ take into account the prevailing meteorological conditions.

The ET shall agree with the ER in consultation with the IEC on the position of the HVS for the installation of the monitoring equipment. When positioning the samplers, the following points shall be noted:

§ a horizontal platform with appropriate support to secure the samplers against gusty wind should be provided;

§ no two samplers should be placed less than 2 meters apart;

§ the distance between the sampler and an obstacle, such as buildings, must be at least twice the height that the obstacle protrudes above the sampler;

§ a minimum of 2 meters of separation from walls, parapets and penthouses is required for rooftop samplers;

§ a minimum of 2 meters separation from any supporting structure, measured horizontally is required;

§ no furnace or incinerator flue is nearby;

§ airflow around the sampler is unrestricted;

§ the sampler is more than 20 meters from the dripline;

§ any wire fence and gate, to protect the sampler, should not cause any obstruction during monitoring;

§ permission must be obtained to set up the samplers and to obtain access to the monitoring stations; and

§ a secured supply of electricity is needed to operate the samplers.

2.1.5 Baseline Monitoring

Baseline monitoring shall be carried out at all of the designated monitoring locations for at least 14 consecutive days prior to the commencement of the construction works to obtain daily 24-hour TSP samples. The selected baseline monitoring stations should reflect baseline conditions at the impact stations. One-hour sampling should also be done at least 3 times per day while the highest dust impact is expected.

During the baseline monitoring, there should not be any construction or dust generation activities in the vicinity of the monitoring stations. Before commencing baseline monitoring, the ET shall inform the IEC of the baseline monitoring programme such that the IEC can conduct on-site audit to ensure accuracy of the baseline monitoring results.

In case the baseline monitoring cannot be carried out at the designated monitoring locations during the baseline monitoring period, the ET Leader shall carry out the monitoring at alternative locations that can effectively represent the baseline conditions at the impact monitoring locations. The alternative baseline monitoring locations shall be approved by the ER and agreed with the IEC.

In exceptional cases, when insufficient baseline monitoring data or questionable results are obtained, the ET shall liaise with the IEC and EPD to agree on an appropriate set of data to be used as a baseline reference and submit to ER for approval.

Ambient conditions may vary seasonally and shall be reviewed once every three months. When the ambient conditions have changed and a repeat of the baseline monitoring is required to be carried out for obtaining the updated baseline levels, the monitoring should be at times when the Contractor's activities are not generating dust, at least in the proximity of the monitoring stations. Should change in ambient conditions be determined, the baseline levels and, in turn, the air quality criteria, should be revised. The revised baseline levels and air quality criteria should be agreed with the IEC and EPD.

2.1.6 Impact Monitoring

The ET shall carry out impact monitoring during the course of the Works. For regular impact monitoring, the sampling frequency of at least once in every six-days, shall be strictly observed at all the monitoring stations for 24-hour TSP monitoring. For 1-hour TSP monitoring, the sampling frequency of at least three times in every six-days should be undertaken when the highest dust impact occurs. Before commencing baseline monitoring, the ET shall inform the IEC of the impact monitoring programme such that the IEC can conduct on-site audit to ensure accuracy of the impact monitoring results.

The specific time to start and stop the 24-hour TSP monitoring shall be clearly defined for each location and be strictly followed by the operator.

In case of non-compliance with the air quality criteria, more frequent monitoring, as specified in the Action Plan in the following section, shall be conducted within 24 hours after the result is obtained. This additional monitoring shall be continued until the excessive dust emission or the deterioration in air quality is rectified.

2.1.7 Event and Action Plan

The baseline monitoring results form the basis for determining the air quality criteria for the impact monitoring. The ET should compare the impact monitoring results with air quality criteria set up for 24-hour TSP and 1-hour TSP level. Table 2.2 shows the air quality criteria, namely Action and Limit (AL) Levels to be used. Should non-compliance of the air quality criteria occurs, actions in accordance with the Event and Action Plan in Table 2.3 should be carried out.

Table 2.2: Typical Action and Limit Levels for Air Quality

Parameters	Action Level	Limit Level
24-hr TSP Level in µg/m³	For baseline level £ 200 µg/m³, Action level = (130% of baseline level + Limit level)/2 For baseline level > 200 µg/m³, Action level = Limit Level	260
1-hour TSP Level in µg/m³	For baseline level £ 384 µg/m³, Action level = (130% of baseline level + Limit level)/2 For baseline level > 384 µg/m³, Action level = Limit Level	500

Parameters

Action Level

Limit Level

24-hr TSP Level in µg/m³

For baseline level £ 200 µg/m³, Action level = (130% of baseline level + Limit level)/2

For baseline level > 200 µg/m³, Action level = Limit Level

260

1-hour TSP Level in µg/m³

For baseline level £ 384 µg/m³, Action level = (130% of baseline level + Limit level)/2

For baseline level > 384 µg/m³, Action level = Limit Level

500

Table 2.3: Event and Action Plan for Air Quality

Event	Action
Event	ET		IEC			ER			Contractor
Action Level
1. Exceedance for one sample		1. Identify source, investigate the causes of exceedance and propose remedial measures; 2. Inform IEC and ER; 3. Repeat measurement to confirm finding; 4. Increase monitoring frequency to daily.		1. Check monitoring data submitted by ET; 2. Check Contractor’s working method.			1. Notify Contractor.			1. Rectify any unacceptable practice; 2. Amend working methods if appropriate.
2. Exceedance for two or more consecutive samples		1. Identify source; 2. Inform IEC and ER; 3. Advise the ER on the effectiveness of the proposed remedial measures; 4. Repeat measurements to confirm findings; 5. Increase monitoring frequency to daily; 6. Discuss with IEC and Contractor on remedial actions required; 7. If exceedance continues, arrange meeting with IEC and ER; 8. If exceedance stops, cease additional monitoring.		1. Check monitoring data submitted by ET; 2. Check Contractor’s working method; 3. Discuss with ET and Contractor on possible remedial measures; 4. Advise the ET on the effectiveness of the proposed remedial measures; 5. Monitor the implementation of remedial measures.			1. Confirm receipt of notification of failure in writing; 2. Notify Contractor; 3. Ensure remedial measures properly implemented.			1. Submit proposals for remedial to ER within 3 working days of notification; 2. Implement the agreed proposals; 3. Amend proposal if appropriate.
Limit Level
1. Exceedance for one sample		1. Identify source, investigate the causes of exceedance and propose remedial measures; 2. Inform ER, Contractor and EPD; 3. Repeat measurement to confirm finding; 4. Increase monitoring frequency to daily; 5. Assess effectiveness of Contractor’s remedial actions and keep IEC, EPD and ER informed of the results.			1. Check monitoring data submitted by ET; 2. Check Contractor’s working method; 3. Discuss with ET and Contractor on possible remedial measures; 4. Advise the ER on the effectiveness of the proposed remedial measures; 5. Monitor theimplementation of remedial measures.			1. Confirm receipt of notification of failure in writing; 2. Notify Contractor; 3. Ensure remedial measures properly implemented.		1. Take immediate action to avoid further exceedance; 2. Submit proposals for remedial actions to IEC within 3 working days of notification; 3. Implement the agreed proposals; 4. Amend proposal if appropriate.
2. Exceedance for two or more consecutive samples		1. Notify IEC, ER, Contractor and EPD; 2. Identify source; 3. Repeat measurement to confirm findings; 4. Increase monitoring frequency to daily; 5. Carry out analysis of Contractor’s working procedures to determine possible mitigation to be implemented; 6. Arrange meeting with IEC and ER to discuss the remedial actions to be taken; 7. Assess effectiveness of Contractor’s remedial actions and keep IEC, EPD and ER informed of the results; 8. If exceedance stops, cease additional monitoring.			1. Check monitoring data submitted by ET; 2. Check Contractor’s working method; 3. Discuss amongst ER, ET, and Contractor on the potential remedial actions; 4. Review Contractor’s remedial actions whenever necessary to assure their effectiveness and advise the ER accordingly; 5. Monitor the implementation of remedial measures.			1. Confirm receipt of notification of failure in writing; 2. Notify Contractor; 3. In consolidation with the IEC, agree with the Contractor on the remedial measures to be implemented; 4. Ensure remedial measures properly implemented; 5. If exceedance continues, consider what portion of the work is responsible and instruct the Contractor to stop that portion of work until the exceedance is abated.		1. Take immediate action to avoid further exceedance; 2. Submit proposals for remedial actions to IEC within 3 working days of notification; 3. Implement the agreed proposals; 4. Resubmit proposals if problem still not under control; 5. Stop the relevant portion of works as determined by the ER until the exceedance is abated.

2.1.8 Mitigation Measures

Appropriate dust suppression measures should be adopted as required under the Air Pollution Control (Construction Dust) Regulation. A control programme can be instigated to monitor the construction process in order to enforce dust controls and modify methods of works where feasible to reduce the dust emission down to acceptable levels. The implementation schedule of the recommended air quality mitigation measures is presented in Appendix A.

2.2 Operational Air Quality Monitoring

With the full implementation of the recommended mitigation measures during operation phase, no adverse air quality impact is anticipated. Operational phase air quality monitoring is considered not necessary.

3. Noise Impact

3.1 Construction Airborne Noise Monitoring

3.1.1 Monitoring Requirements

The construction noise level shall be measured in terms of the A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level (Leq). Leq (30 minutes) shall be used as the monitoring parameter for the time period between 0700 and 1900 hours on normal weekdays. For all other time periods, Leq (5 minutes) shall be employed for comparison with the Noise Control Ordinance (NCO) criteria.

Supplementary information for data auditing, statistical results such as L10 and L90 shall also be obtained for reference. A sample data record sheet is shown in Appendix B. The ET Leader may modify the data record sheet for this EM&A programme, of which the format should be agreed by the ER and the IEC.

3.1.2 Monitoring Equipment

As referred to in the Technical Memorandum (TM) issued under the NCO, sound level meters in compliance with the International Electrotechnical Commission Publications 651: 1979 (Type 1) and 804: 1985 (Type 1) specifications shall be used for carrying out the noise monitoring. Immediately prior to and following each noise measurement the accuracy of the sound level meter shall be checked using an acoustic calibrator generating a known sound pressure level at a known frequency. Measurements may be accepted as valid only if the calibration level from before and after the noise measurement agree to within 1.0 dB.

Noise measurements shall not be made in fog, rain, wind with a steady speed exceeding 5 m/s or wind with gusts exceeding 10 m/s. The wind speed shall be checked with a portable wind speed meter capable of measuring the wind speed in m/s.

The ET is responsible for the provision of the monitoring equipment. He shall ensure that sufficient noise measuring equipment and associated instrumentation are available for carrying out the baseline monitoring, regular impact monitoring and ad hoc monitoring. All the equipment and associated instrumentation shall be clearly labelled.

3.1.3 Monitoring Locations

The noise monitoring locations (refer to Figures 3.1) are summarised in Table 3.1. The status and locations of noise sensitive receivers may change after issuing this manual. If such cases exist, the ET should propose updated monitoring locations and seek agreement from EPD.

Table 3.1: Construction Noise Monitoring Stations

ID	ID adopted in EIA	Description	Works Area
NM1	TYH	Tsung Yuen Ha Village House No. 63	BCP
NM2	V2	Village House near Lin Ma Hang Road	Lin Ma Hang to Frontier Closed Area
NM3	PY2	Ping Yeung Village House (facade facing northeast)	Ping Yeung to Wo Keng Shan
NM4	WKS6	Wo Keng Shan Village House	Ping Yeung to Wo Keng Shan
NM5	LT1	Village House, Loi Tung	Sha Tau Kok Road
NM6	TTW2	Tai Tong Wu Village House 2	Sha Tau Kok Rpad
NM7	PKT2	Po Kat Tsai Village	Po Kat Tsai
NM8	TH1	Village House, Tong Hang	Fanling
NM9	KT3	Village House, Kiu Tau Village	Fanling
NM10	NWP1	Nam Wa Po Village House No. 78	Fanling

The status and locations of noise sensitive receivers may change after issuing this manual. If such case exists, the ET Leader shall propose updated monitoring locations and seek approval from EPD and agreement from the ER and the IEC before baseline monitoring commences.

When alternative monitoring locations are proposed, the monitoring locations shall be chosen based on the following criteria:

§ Monitoring at sensitive receivers close to the major site activities which are likely to have noise impacts;

§ Monitoring at the noise sensitive receivers as defined in the Technical Memorandum; and

§ Assurance of minimal disturbance to the occupants during monitoring.

The monitoring station shall normally be at a point 1 m from the exterior of the sensitive receiver building facade and be at a position 1.2 m above the ground. If there is problem with access to the normal monitoring position, an alternative position may be chosen, and a correction to the measurements shall be made. For reference, a correction of +3 dB(A) shall be made to the free field measurements. The ET shall agree with the IEC on the monitoring position and the corrections adopted. Once the positions for the monitoring stations are chosen, the baseline monitoring and the impact monitoring shall be carried out at the same positions.

3.1.4 Baseline Monitoring

The ET shall carry out baseline noise monitoring prior to the commencement of the construction works. The baseline monitoring shall be carried out daily for a period of at least two weeks. Before commencing the baseline monitoring, the ET shall develop and submit to the IEC the baseline monitoring programme such that the IEC can conduct on-site audit to check accuracy of the baseline monitoring results.

There shall not be any construction activities in the vicinity of the stations during the baseline monitoring.

In exceptional cases, when insufficient baseline monitoring data or questionable results are obtained, the ET Leader shall liaise with the ER, EPD and IEC to agree on an appropriate set of data to be used as a baseline reference and submit to the ER and IEC for agreement and EPD for approval.

3.1.5 Impact Monitoring

Noise monitoring shall be carried out at all the designated monitoring stations. The monitoring frequency shall depend on the scale of the construction activities. The following is an initial guide on the regular monitoring frequency for each station on a weekly basis when noise generating activities are underway:

§ one set of measurements between 0700 and 1900 hours on normal weekdays;

If construction works are extended to include works during the hours of 1900 – 0700 as well as public holidays and Sundays, additional weekly impact monitoring shall be carried out during respective restricted hours periods. Applicable permits under NCO shall also be obtained by the Contractor.

If a school exists near the construction activity, noise monitoring shall be carried out at the monitoring stations for the schools during the school examination periods. The ET Leader shall liaise with the school’s personnel and the Examination Authority to ascertain the exact dates and times of all examination periods during the course of the contract.

In case of non-compliance with the construction noise criteria, more frequent monitoring, as specified in the Action Plan in Table 3.3, shall be carried out. This additional monitoring shall be continued until the recorded noise levels are rectified or demonstrated to be unrelated to the construction activities.

3.1.6 Event and Action Plan

The Action and Limit (AL) Levels for construction noise are defined in Table 3.2. Should non-compliance of the criteria occurs, action in accordance with the Event and Action Plan in Table 3.3, should be carried out.

Table 3.2 : Typical Action and Limit Levels for Construction Noise

Time Period	Action	Limit
0700-1900 hrs on normal weekdays	When one valid documented complaint is received.	75^*dB(A)

Note: *70 dB(A) for schools and 65 dB(A) during school examination periods.

If works are to be carried out during restricted hours, the conditions stipulated in the Construction Noise Permit (CNP) issued by the Noise Control Authority have to be followed.

Table 3.3: Event and Action Plan for Construction Noise

Event	Action
Event	ET	IEC	ER	Contractor
Action Level	1. Notify ER, IEC and Contractor; 2. Carry out investigation; 3. Report the results of investigation to the IEC, ER and Contractor; 4. Discuss with the IEC and Contractor on remedial measures required; 5. Increase monitoring frequency to check mitigation effectiveness.	1. Review the investigation results submitted by the ET; 2. Review the proposed remedial measures by the Contractor and advise the ER accordingly; 3. Advise the ER on the effectiveness of the proposed remedial measures.	1. Confirm receipt of notification of failure in writing; 2. Notify Contractor; 3. In consolidation with the IEC, agree with the Contractor on the remedial measures to be implemented; 4. Supervise the implementation of remedial measures.	1. Submit noise mitigation proposals to IEC and ER; 2. Implement noise mitigation proposals.
Limit Level	1. Inform IEC, ER, Contractor and EPD; 2. Repeat measurements to confirm findings; 3. Increase monitoring frequency; 4. Identify source and investigate the cause of exceedance; 5. Carry out analysis of Contractor’s working procedures; 6. Discuss with the IEC, Contractor and ER on remedial measures required; 7. Assess effectiveness of Contractor’s remedial actions and keep IEC, EPD and ER informed of the results; 8. If exceedance stops, cease additional monitoring.	1. Discuss amongst ER, ET, and Contractor on the potential remedial actions; 2. Review Contractor’s remedial actions whenever necessary to assure their effectiveness and advise the ER accordingly.	1. Confirm receipt of notification of failure in writing; 2. Notify Contractor; 3. In consolidation with the IEC, agree with the Contractor on the remedial measures to be implemented; 4. Supervise the implementation of remedial measures; 5. If exceedance continues, consider stopping the Contractor to continue working on that portion of work which causes the exceedance until the exceedance is abated.	1. Take immediate action to avoid further exceedance; 2. Submit proposals for remedial actions to IEC and ER within 3 working days of notification; 3. Implement the agreed proposals; 4. Submit further proposal if problem still not under control; 5. Stop the relevant portion of works as instructed by the ER until the exceedance is abated.

3.1.7 Mitigation Measures

The EIA Report has recommended construction noise control and mitigation measures. The Contractor should be responsible for the design and implementation of these measures under the supervision of the ER and monitored by the ET. The implementation schedule of the recommended noise mitigation measures is presented in Appendix A.

3.2 Operational Traffic Noise Monitoring

3.2.1 Monitoring Requirements

The ET Leader shall prepare and deposit to EPD, at least 6 months before the operation of the works under the Project, a monitoring plan for the purpose of assessing the accuracy of traffic noise predictions by comparing the project noise impact predictions with the actual impacts. The monitoring plan shall contain monitoring locations, monitoring schedules, methodology of noise monitoring including noise measurement procedures, traffic counts and speed checks, and methodology of comparison with the predicted levels. The ET Leader shall implement the monitoring plan in accordance with the deposited monitoring plan unless with prior justification. Monitoring details and results including the comparison between the measured noise levels and the predicted levels shall be recorded in a report to be deposited with EPD within one month of the completion of the monitoring. The report shall be certified by the ET Leader and verified by IEC and agreed with CEDD before deposit with EPD.

3.2.2 Monitoring Parameters

The traffic noise levels shall be measured twice at 6-month intervals within the first year upon completion of the Project. Measurements shall be made in terms of the A-weighted L₁₀ over peak periods, other metrics like L_eq, L₉₀ and L_max may be used for comparison.

3.2.3 Monitoring Equipment

Monitoring equipment to be used shall be the same as that specified in Section 3.1.2. That is, sound level meters in compliance with the International Electro-technical Commission Publications 651:1979 (Type 1) and 804:1985 (Type 1) specifications shall be used for carrying out the traffic noise monitoring. Calibration procedures and other measurement conditions shall also be in the same as stated in Section 3.1.2.

Noise measurements should not be made in the presence of fog, rain, wind with a steady speed exceeding 5m/s or wind with gusts exceeding 10m/s. The wind speed shall be checked with a portable wind speed meter capable of measuring the wind speed in m/s.

The ET Leader is responsible for the provision of the monitoring equipment. He shall ensure that sufficient noise monitoring equipment and associated instrumentation are available for carrying out the baseline monitoring, regular impact monitoring and ad hoc monitoring. All the equipment and associated instrumentation shall be clearly labelled.

3.2.4 Monitoring Locations

Three designated monitoring stations, OM1 to OM3 are selected for operational noise monitoring. Figure 3.2 describes the operational noise monitoring locations, which are also depicted in Table 3.4. The status and locations of noise sensitive receivers may change after this Manual is issued. If such cases exist, the ET Leader shall propose updated monitoring locations and seek approval from ER & IEC and agreement from EPD of the proposal.

Table 3.4: Operational Noise Monitoring Stations

ID	ID adopted in EIA	Description	Works Area
OM1	WKS4	Wo Keng Shan Village House	Ping Yeung to Wo Keng Shan
OM2	LT4	Village House, Loi Tung	Sha Tau Kok
OM3	TH2	Village House, Tong Hang	Fanling

The monitoring locations shall be selected according to the following criteria:-

§ they should be at NSRs in the vicinity of recommended direct technical remedies; preferably, there should be one representative monitoring locations near each types of noise screening element (i.e. vertical barrier, cantilever barrier and enclosure);

§ selected monitoring locations should enable monitoring to be done twice within one year after implementation of the mitigation measures during operation of the proposed road

When alternative monitoring locations are proposed, the monitoring locations shall be chosen based on the following criteria:-

§ alternative location shall be similarly exposed to potential noise impacts;

§ it shall be close to the noise sensitive receivers; and

§ shall be located so as to cause minimal disturbance to the occupants.

3.2.5 Compliance Monitoring

The operational noise monitoring shall be carried out at a distance of 1 m from the openable window and 1.2 m above the floor level of the noise sensitive receivers identified. The ET Leader shall agree with the IEC on any necessary corrections adopted.

Noise monitoring shall be carried out at all the designated traffic noise monitoring stations. The following is an initial guide on the traffic noise monitoring requirements during the operational phase:-

(a) one set of measurements at the morning traffic peak hour on normal weekdays;

(b) one set of measurements at the evening traffic peak hour on normal weekdays;

(c) a concurrent census of traffic flow and percentage heavy vehicle shall be obtained for far-side and near-side of the road and the existing road network in the vicinity of each measuring point;

(d) average vehicle speed estimated for far-side and near-side of the road and the existing road network in the vicinity of each measuring point; and

(e) the two sets of monitoring data should be obtained within the first year of operation.

Measured noise levels should be compared with predicted noise levels by applying appropriate conversion corrections to allow for the traffic conditions at the time of measurement. Operational noise field data sheet should be designed during submitting the monitoring plan.

The measured/monitor noise levels shall be compared with the predicted results and the predicted traffic flow conditions (calculated noise levels based on concurrent traffic census obtained). In case discrepancies are observed, explanation should be given to justify the discrepancies. Operational EM&A reports shall be certified by the ET Leader and verified by the IEC before sending to EPD.

4. Water Quality Impact

4.1 Construction Water Quality Monitoring

4.1.1 Water Quality Parameter

Monitoring for Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Dissolved Oxygen Saturation (DO%), temperature, pH, turbidity, water depth and suspended solid (SS) should be undertaken at designated monitoring locations. All parameters should be measured in-situ whereas SS should be determined by the laboratory. DO should be presented in mg/L and in % saturation.

Other relevant data should also be recorded, including monitoring location / position, time, weather conditions and any special phenomena or work underway at the construction site.

4.1.2 Sampling Procedure and Monitoring Equipment

Water samples for all monitoring parameters should be collected, stored, preserved and analyzed according to Standard Methods, APHA 21st ed. and/or methods agreed by EPD. In-situ measurements at monitoring locations including DO, temperature, pH, turbidity and water depth shall be collected by equipment with the characteristics and functions listed in the following sections. A sample data record sheet is shown in Appendix B for reference.

The following equipment and facilities should be provided by the ET and used for the monitoring of water quality impacts:

4.1.2.1 Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature Measuring Equipment

DO and water temperature should be measured in-situ by a DO/ temperature meter. The instrument should be portable and weatherproof using a DC power source. It should have a membrane electrode with automatic temperature compensation complete with a cable. The equipment should be capable of measuring:

§ a DO level in the range of 0-20 mg/l and 0-200% saturation; and

§ a temperature of between 0 and 45 degree Celsius.

4.1.2.2 pH Measuring Instrument

A portable pH meter capable of measuring a range between 0.0 and 14.0 should be provided to measure pH under the specified conditions accordingly to the Standard Methods, APHA.

4.1.2.3 Turbidity Measurement Instrument

The instrument should be portable and weatherproof using a DC power source. It should have a photoelectric sensor capable of measuring turbidity between 0-1000 NTU.

4.1.2.4 Water Depth Detector

A portable, battery-operated echo sounder should be used for the measurement of water depth at each designated monitoring station. The unit would be either handheld or affixed to the bottom of the work boat, if the same vessel is to be used throughout the monitoring programme.

4.1.2.5 Calibration of In-Situ Instruments

All in-situ monitoring instruments should be calibrated and certified by a laboratory accredited under HOKLAS or any other international accreditation scheme before use, and subsequently re-calibrated at 3 monthly intervals throughout all stages of the water quality monitoring programme. Responses of sensors and electrodes should be checked with certified standard solutions before each use.

Wet bulb calibration for a DO probe should be carried out before measurement at each monitoring station. A zero check in distilled water should be performed with the turbidity probe at least once per monitoring day. The probe should then be calibrated with a solution of known NTU. In addition, the turbidity probe should be calibrated at least twice per month to establish the relationship between turbidity readings (in NTU) and levels of suspended solids (in mg/L).

For the on-site calibration of field equipment, the BS 127: 1993, Guide to Field and On-Site Test Methods for the Analysis of Waters should be observed.

Sufficient stocks of spare parts should be maintained for replacements when necessary. Backup monitoring equipment should also be made available so that monitoring could proceed uninterrupted even when some equipment is under maintenance, calibration etc.

4.1.2.6 Sample Containers and Storage for Suspended Solids Measurement

A water sampler comprises a transparent PVC cylinder, with a capacity of not less than 2 litres, and could be effectively sealed with latex cups at both ends should be used. The sampler should have a positive latching system to keep it open and prevent premature closure until released by a messenger when the sampler is at the selected water depth (Kahlsico Water Sampler or an approved similar instrument).

Water samples for SS analysis should be stored in high density polythene bottles with no preservative added, packed in ice (cooled to 4^oC without being frozen), delivered to the laboratory, and analysed as soon as possible after collection.

4.1.3 Laboratory Measurement/Analysis

Analysis of suspended solids should be carried out in a HOKLAS or other accredited laboratory. Water samples of about 1L should be collected at the monitoring stations for carrying out the laboratory suspended solids determination. The SS determination work should start within 24 hours after collection of the water samples. The SS analyses should follow the standard method APHA 2540D with a detection limit of 1mg/L as described in APHA Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st Edition, unless otherwise specified.

If in-house or non-standard methods are proposed, details of the method verification should, if required, be submitted to EPD. In any circumstances, the sample testing should have comprehensive quality assurance and quality control programmes. The laboratory should be prepared to demonstrate the quality control programmes to EPD or their representative if and when required.

Additional duplicate samples may be required by EPD for inter laboratory calibration. Remaining samples after analysis should be kept by the laboratory for 3 months in case repeat analysis is required. If in-house or non-standard methods are proposed, details of the method verification may also be required to submit to EPD. In any circumstance, the sample testing should have comprehensive quality assurance and quality control programmes. The laboratory should prepare to demonstrate the programmes to EPD or his representatives when requested.

4.1.4 Monitoring Locations

The proposed water quality monitoring stations are shown in Table 4.1 and Figure 4.1. The monitoring stations proposed in this section are indicative subject to further review before construction phase. The final locations and number of the monitoring points should be agreed with EPD at least 2 weeks before undertaking any works. The status and locations of water sensitive receivers may change after issuing this Manual. If such case exists, the ET Leader should propose updated monitoring locations and seek approval from the IEC and EPD.

It is proposed to monitor the water quality at four locations closest to the construction works. At each of the water quality monitoring location, one or more control stations are also proposed to be monitor within the same water courses as the impact monitoring stations but is outside the area of influence of the construction works as far as practicable.

Table 4.1: Construction Water Quality Monitoring Stations

ID	Description	Co-ordinates
ID	Description	Easting (m)	Northing (m)
WM1	Downstream of Kong Yiu Channel	833668.635	845371.097
WM1 - Control	Upstream of Kong Yiu Channel	834185.480	845916.662
WM2A	Downstream of River Ganges	834132.193	844432.910
WM2A - Control	Upstream of River Ganges	835205.329	844200.151
WM2B	Downstream of River Ganges	835434.744	843394.606
WM2B - Control	Upstream of River Ganges	835845.878	843343.625
WM3	Downstream of River Indus	836323.622	842404.977
WM3 - Control	Upstream of River Indus	836763.419	842425.507
WM4	Downstream of Ma Wat Channel	833840.783	838344.842
WM4 – Control A	Kau Lung Hang Stream	834038.937	837668.995
WM4 – Control B	Upstream of Ma Wat Channel	833769.123	837406.936

When alternative monitoring locations are proposed, they should be chosen based on the following criteria:

§ at locations close to and preferably at the boundary of the mixing zone of the major site activities as indicated in the EIA report, which are likely to have water quality impacts;

§ close to the sensitive receptors which are directly or likely to be affected;

§ for monitoring locations located in the vicinity of the sensitive receptors, care should be taken to cause minimal disturbance during monitoring;

§ two or more control stations which should be at locations representative of the project site in its undisturbed condition. Control stations should be located, as far as is practicable, both upstream and down stream of the works area.

Control stations are necessary to compare the water quality from potentially impacted sites with the ambient water quality. Control stations shall be located within the same body of water as the impact monitoring stations but shall be outside the area of influence of the works and, as far as practicable, not affected by any other works. The ET should agree with EPD on all the monitoring stations.

Duplicate in-situ measurements and samples collected from each independent monitoring event are required for all parameters to ensure a robust statistically interpretable dataset.

4.1.5 Baseline Monitoring

Baseline conditions for the water quality of the sensitive nature of the rivers/streams shall be established and agreed with EPD prior to the commencement of works. The purposes of the baseline monitoring are to establish ambient conditions prior to the commencement of the construction works and to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed impact, control and reference monitoring points.

The baseline conditions shall normally be established by measuring the water quality parameters specified in Section 4.1.1. The measurements shall be taken at all designated monitoring stations including control points, 3 days per week, for at least 4 weeks prior to the commencement of construction works.

There shall not be any construction activities over water in the vicinity of the points during the baseline monitoring.

In exceptional case when insufficient baseline monitoring data or questionable results are obtained, the ET Leader shall seek approval from the IEC and EPD on an appropriate set of data to be used as baseline reference.

Baseline monitoring schedule shall be faxed to EPD 1 week prior to the commencement of baseline monitoring. The interval between 2 sets of monitoring shall not be less than 36 hours.

4.1.6 Impact Monitoring

During construction period, impact monitoring should be undertaken at all monitoring stations three working days per week, with sampling /measurement. The interval between two sets of monitoring should not be less than 36 hours except where the Action and/or Limit levels is/are exceeded, in which case the monitoring frequency should be increased.

Two consecutive measurements of DO concentration (mg/L), DO saturation (%) and turbidity (NTU) should be taken in-situ according to the stated sampling method. Where the difference in value between the first and second measurement of DO or turbidity parameters is more than 25% of the value of the first reading, the reading should be discarded and further readings would be taken. Water samples for SS (mg/L) measurements should be collected at the same depths. Duplicate water samples should be taken and analyzed.

In addition to the above in-situ measurements, water temperature and pH should be determined at all monitoring stations at the same depths, as specified above. Note that in addition to the water depth, monitoring location/position, time, weather conditions and any special phenomena should be recorded.

4.1.7 Event and Action Plan

The Action and Limit (AL) Levels for water quality are defined in Table 4.2. The actions in accordance with the Event and Action Plan in Table 4.3 should be carried out if the water quality assessment criteria are exceeded at any designated monitoring points.

Table 4.2: Typical Action and Limit Levels for Water Quality

Parameters	Action Level	Limit Level
DO in mg/l	5 percentile of baseline data	4 mg/L or 1 percentile of baseline data
SS in mg/l	95 percentile of baseline data or 120% of upstream control station of the same day	99 percentile of baseline data or 130% of upstream control station of the same day
Turbidity in NTU	95 percentile of baseline data or 120% of upstream control station of the same day	99 percentile of baseline data or 130% of upstream control station of the same day

Notes: 1. For DO measurement, non-compliance occurs when monitoring result is lower than the limits.

2. For SS and turbidity, non-compliance of water quality results when monitoring results is higher than the limits.

3. All the figures given in the table are used for reference only and the EPD may amend the figures whenever necessary.

Table 4.3: Event and Action Plan for Water Quality

EVENT

ACTION

IEC

CONTRACTOR

Action level being exceeded by one sampling day

1. Repeat in-situ measurement to confirm findings;

2. Identify reasons for non-compliance and sources of impact;

3. Inform IEC and Contractor;

4. Check monitoring data, all plant, equipment and Contractor’s working methods;

5. Discuss mitigation measures with IEC and Contractor;

6. Repeat measurement on next day of exceedance.

1. Discuss with ET and Contractor on the mitigation measures;

2. Review proposals on mitigation measures submitted by Contractor and advise the ER accordingly;

3. Assess the effectiveness of the implemented mitigation measures

1. Discuss with IEC on the proposed mitigation measures;

2. Make agreement on the mitigation measures to be implemented;

3. Assess the effectiveness of the implemented mitigation measures

1. Inform the ER and confirm notification of the non-compliance in writing;

2. Rectify unacceptable practice;

3. Check all plant and equipment;

4. Consider changes of working methods;

5. Discuss with ET and IEC and propose mitigation measures to IEC and ER;

6. Implement the agreed mitigation measures.

Action Level being exceeded by more than two consecutive sampling days

1. Repeat in-situ measurement to confirm findings;

2. Identify reasons for non-compliance and sources of impact;

3. Inform IEC and Contractor;

4. Check monitoring data, all plant, equipment and Contractor’s working methods;

5. Discuss mitigation measures with IEC and Contractor;

6. Ensure mitigation measures are implemented;

7. Prepare to increase the monitoring frequency to daily;

8. Repeat measurement on next day of exceedance.

1. Discuss with ET and Contractor on the mitigation measures;

2. Review proposals on mitigation measures submitted by Contractor and advise the ER accordingly;

3. Assess the effectiveness of the implemented mitigation measures

1. Discuss with IEC on the proposed mitigation measures;

2. Make agreement on the mitigation measures to be implemented;

3. Assess the effectiveness of the implemented mitigation measures

1. Inform the ER and confirm notification of the non-compliance in writing;

2. Rectify unacceptable practice;

3. Check all plant and equipment;

4. Consider changes of working methods;

5. Discuss with ET and IEC and propose mitigation measures to IEC and ER within 3 working days;

6. Implement the agreed mitigation measures.

Limit Level being exceeded by one sampling day

1. Repeat in-situ measurement to confirm findings;

2. Identify reasons for non-compliance and sources of impact;

3. Inform IEC, Contractor and EPD;

4. Check monitoring data, all plant, equipment and Contractor’s working methods;

5. Discuss mitigation measures with IEC, ER and Contractor;

6. Ensure mitigation measures are implemented;

7. Increase the monitoring frequency to daily until no exceedance of Limit Level.

1. Discuss with ET and Contractor on the mitigation measures;

2. Review proposals on mitigation measures submitted by Contractor and advise the ER accordingly;

3. Assess the effectiveness of the implemented mitigation measures

1. Discuss with IEC, ET and Contractor on the proposed mitigation measures;

2. Request Contractor to critically review the working methods;

3. Make agreement on the mitigation measures to be implemented;

4. Assess the effectiveness of the implemented mitigation measures

1. Inform the ER and confirm notification of the non-compliance in writing;

2. Rectify unacceptable practice;

3. Check all plant and equipment;

4. Consider changes of working methods;

5. Discuss with ET, IEC and ER and propose mitigation measures to IEC and ER within 3 working days;

6. Implement the agreed mitigation measures.

Limit level being exceeded by more than one consecutive sampling days

1. Repeat in-situ measurement to confirm findings;

2. Identify reasons for non-compliance and sources of impact;

3. Inform IEC, Contractor and EPD;

4. Check monitoring data, all plant, equipment and Contractor’s working methods;

5. Discuss mitigation measures with IEC, ER and Contractor;

6. Ensure mitigation measures are implemented;

7. Increase the monitoring frequency to daily until no exceedance of Limit Level for two consecutive days.

1. Discuss with ET and Contractor on the mitigation measures;

2. Review proposals on mitigation measures submitted by Contractor and advise the ER accordingly;

3. Assess the effectiveness of the implemented mitigation measures.

1. Discuss with IEC, ET and Contractor on the proposed mitigation measures;

2. Request Contractor to critically review the working methods;

3. Make agreement on the mitigation measures to be implemented;

4. Assess the effectiveness of the implemented mitigation measures;

5. Consider and instruct, if necessary, the Contractor to slow down or to stop all or part of the construction activities until no exceedance of Limit Level.

1. Inform the ER and confirm notification of the non-compliance in writing;

2. Rectify unacceptable practice;

3. Check all plant and equipment;

4. Consider changes of working methods;

5. Discuss with ET, IEC and ER and propose mitigation measures to IEC and ER within 3 working days;

6. Implement the agreed mitigation measures;

7. As directed by the ER, to slow down or to stop all or part of the construction activities.

4.1.8 Mitigation Measures

The implementation schedule of the recommended water quality mitigation measures is presented in Appendix A.

4.2 Operational Water Quality Monitoring

With the full implementation of the recommended mitigation measures during operation phase, no adverse water quality impact is anticipated. Operation phase water quality monitoring is not considered necessary.

5. Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Implications

5.1 Introduction

An assessment of potential impacts due to the sewage arising from the proposed Project has been assessed in Section 6 of the EIA Report.

5.2 Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Implications during Construction Phase

The sewage generated during the construction stage from the on-site workers will be collected in chemical toilets and disposed of off-site. Therefore, no sewerage impacts are expected from the site during the construction phase. As such, environmental monitoring and audit of the sewerage system is considered not required.

5.2.1 Mitigation Measures

The implementation schedule of the relevant mitigation measures is presented in Appendix A.

6. Waste Management Implications

6.1 Introduction

Waste management would be the contractor’s responsibility to ensure that all wastes produced during the construction of the Project are handled, stored and disposed of in accordance with good waste management practices and EPD’s regulations and requirements. The recommended mitigation measures should form the basis of the site Waste Management Plan to be developed by the Contractor in the construction phase.

6.2 Construction Phase Waste Management Implications

During construction phase, regular site inspection as part of the EM&A procedures should be carried out to determine if wastes are being managed in accordance with approved procedures and the site Waste Management Plan. It should look at different aspects of waste management including waste generation, storage, recycling, treatment, transport and disposal.

6.2.1 Mitigation Measures

The implementation schedule of the recommended waste management mitigation measures is presented in Appendix A.

7. Land Contamination

7.1 Introduction

Desktop study and site appraisal have been conducted during EIA study and potential land contamination hotspots was not identified in the Study Area.

7.2 Construction Phase Land Contamination

In view of the desktop review results and the site reconnaissance findings, bulk excavation of soil for land remediation is not expected. As such, any environmental monitoring in relation to land remediation is not required.

On the other hand during construction phase, land contamination monitoring could be carried out in the form of regular site inspection. All related procedures and facilities in handling or storage of chemicals and chemical wastes should be audited regularly to make sure they are in order and intact and, reported in the EM&A reports as such.

7.2.1 Mitigation Measures

The implementation schedule of the recommended land contamination mitigation measures is presented in Appendix A.

8. Ecological Impact

8.1 Introduction

The ecological impact assessment in the EIA Report has evaluated the ecological consequences of the proposed Project and concluded that the overall impacts would be of minor significance with the implementation of mitigation measures.

The major mitigation measures proposed for the identified ecological impact include woodland compensation, wetland compensation and transplanting of floral species of conservation interest. The proposed ecological mitigation measures to avoid, minimize and compensate the identified impacts arising from the proposed project should be checked as part of the environmental monitoring and audit programme during the construction phase.

8.2 Ecological Mitigation Measures

Mitigation measures were designed in accordance with Annex 16 of the EIAO-TM which states the general policy and guidance in planning of ecological measures. The implementation schedule of the recommended mitigation measures is presented in Appendix A. The major ecological mitigation measures proposed include provision of woodland compensation area (approx 18.6 ha is proposed), provision of wetland compensation area (more than 1.4 ha is proposed) and transplanting flora species of conservation interest. Mitigation measures for noise, water quality and landscape impact proposed in EIA report Sections 4, 5 and 11 respectively are also applicable to minimize the disturbance on ecology integrity.

8.3 Environmental Monitoring and Audit

8.3.1 Environmental Audit

The implementation of mitigation measures stated in Section 8.2 of this Manual shall be routinely audited, during the implementation of the Project. Requirements of the environmental audit are given in Section 12 of this Manual. Implementation of the recommended ecological mitigation measures, detailed in Section 15 of the EIA report and Appendix A of this Manual, shall be examined during the routine environmental audit.

8.3.2 Environmental Monitoring

8.3.2.1 Monitoring on Transplanting of Flora Species of Conservation Interest

According to the EIA, two species of conservation interest Euonymus kwangtungensis and Aquilaria sinensis are required to be transplanted to undisturbed areas. As the condition (health and abundance) of plants recorded in the EIA stage may be varied in the detailed design stage, conducting a vegetation survey to confirm the condition of the affected plants (not covered by ETWB TCW 3/2006) prior to the commencement of the construction works is recommended. Suitable reception sites shall also be identified in the vegetation survey report for review by EPD and AFCD. The scope of the vegetation survey shall include the following:

§ The checking and updating the number, health condition and location of the floral species of conservation interest identified (Euonymus kwangtungensis, and seedlings and individual trees of Aquilaria sinensis suitable for transplanting) in the EIA;

§ Preparation of an updated location plan showing the individuals identified during the vegetation survey;

§ Identification of suitable reception site(s) in retained woodland habitat within the project limit for the shrub species Euonymus kwangtungensis;

§ Identification of suitable reception site(s) within the proposed compensatory woodland; or temporary transit nursery for seedlings/individuals trees of the tree species Aquilaria sinensis;

§ Recommendation of an implementation programme of transplanting.

The transplanting shall be monitored by a suitably qualified ecologist / botanist appointed as a member of the Environmental Team. The transplanted individuals shall be monitored at least twice a month during the first year and once a month for the remaining of the planting period of the compensation woodland. The parameters to be monitored shall include the health condition and survival rate of the transplanted species. Any observations and recommendations should be reported in periodic EM&A reports.

8.3.2.2 Monitoring on Woodland Compensation

In order to mitigate the ecological impact of loss of 6.2ha of woodland habitats, a Woodland Compensation Area (WLCA) of about 18.6 ha is proposed on existing hillside grassland and shrubland. Location of the WLCA is illustrated in Figures 8.1. A Woodland Compensation Plan is presented in Appendix 9.4 of the EIA Report with an aim to form the basis to guide the implementation of the proposed woodland mitigation.

According to the proposed Woodland Compensation Plan, the planting works will be carried out in two phases, viz. Initial Planting Phase and Enhancement Planting Phase, which would take about 5 years and 3 years of time respectively. The second phase Enhancement Planting Phase could commence after the implementation of the first Initial Planting Phase for 3 years or any earlier time as agreed with AFCD.

Apart from the standard inspection and establishment works for landscape softworks, a 6-year ecological monitoring programme covering both initial and enhancement planting phases is proposed. The necessity for further monitoring would be reviewed after the 6-year ecological monitoring programme. The monitoring of planting includes parameters of: general health condition and survival rate; with establishment works would include basic replacement of dead plants, weeding and watering. Due to the large size of the WLCA, monitoring is proposed to be carried out in inspection walk and quadrat sampling. Monitoring in inspection walks aims to observe the overview/ progress of the planting within the whole WLCA; while monitoring in quadrats aims to collect quantitative information.

Monitoring Requirements

The monitoring shall be conducted by the Environmental Team (ET) and supervised by a qualified botanist/ecologist (Project Botanist/Ecologist) of the ET.

The routes of the general inspection walk should be selected to cover all representative areas of the WLCA as far as possible. The general health condition (good/fair/poor/dead) and survival (%) of individual species of planted trees and shrubs will be recorded by direct observation.

Nine fixed 20m x 20m quadrats are proposed for quantitative monitoring. These quadrats shall be evenly distributed throughout the WLCA. Parameters to be measured within quadrats include health condition (good/fair/poor/dead), and survival rate (%) of individual species. Proposed locations for the fixed quadrats are shown in Figure 8.1.

The frequency of the monitoring is proposed to be bi-monthly during the first year of the initial planting phase and shall be reduced to quarterly from the second year. Change of monitoring frequency shall be advised by the Project Ecologist/Botanist and approved by Environmental Protection Department and Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department.

The Trigger and Action Levels for Monitoring and Action Plan of the WLCA are presented in Table 8.1.

Table 8.1: Trigger and Action Levels for Monitoring and Action Plan of the WLCA

Parameters	Trigger and Action Level	Action Plan
General Health Condition	Trigger Level: % of individual plant species in poor health condition >20%	- the ET should inform Contractor and IEC immediately; - identify the cause(s) of the exceedance; - advise Contractor the necessity of replanting.
General Health Condition	Action Level: % of individual plant species in poor health condition >30%	- the ET should inform Contractor and IEC immediately; - identify the cause(s) of the exceedance; - advise remedial action and work out solution including change of species in re-planting, re-soiling of the target areas; and seek acceptance from AFCD; - Once the remedial action has been accepted by AFCD, the Contractor should implement the remedial action.
Survival of Plants	Trigger Level: Survival rate of individual plant species < 80%	- the ET should inform Contractor and IEC immediately; - identify the cause(s) of the exceedance; - advise Contractor the necessity of replanting.
Survival of Plants	Action Level: Survival rate of individual plant species < 70%	- the ET should inform Contractor and IEC immediately; - identify the cause(s) of the exceedance; - advise remedial action and work out solution including change of species in re-planting, re-soiling of the target areas; and seek acceptance from AFCD; - Once the remedial action has been accepted by AFCD, the Contractor should implement the remedial action.

8.3.2.3 Monitoring on Wetland Compensation

In order to mitigate the ecological impact of loss of 1.4 ha freshwater wetland, more than 1.4 ha Wetland Compensation Area (WCA) will be created near Nga Yiu Ha. Location of the WCA is illustrated in Figure 8.2 while a conceptual plan is presented in Figure 8.3.

Details of the Wetland Compensation and the monitoring plan would be formulated and provided under a Habitat Creation and Management Plan during the detailed design stage. According to the proposed plan, the programme will comprise implementation, establishment and maintenance stages. Ecological monitoring at implementation and establishment periods will be conducted to cover the ecological attributes. Implementation of the wetland will commence within the construction phase after completion of the construction works at Ping Yeung Section. Monitoring on the WCA will be conducted in implementation and establishment stages. The monitoring shall be conducted by the Environmental Team (ET) and supervised by a qualified ecologist (Project Ecologist) who will be formed as a member of the ET. After establishment stage, AFCD will be responsible of the maintenance and the monitoring works, which is not covered in this manual.

9. Fisheries Impact

9.1 Introduction

Pond fish culture resources and activities were not identified within the Study Area. With the effluent control measures are properly in place, the Project is unlikely to have indirect impacts on the pond fish culture resources and activities in the NWNT area. Therefore, no EM&A programme for fisheries impact is considered necessary.

10. Landscape, Visual and Glare Impact

10.1 Introduction

The EIA has recommended that EM&A for landscape and visual resources be undertaken during both the construction and operation phases of the Project. The implementation and maintenance of landscape, visual and glare mitigation measures (see Appendix A) should be checked to ensure that they are properly implemented and that the potential conflicts between the proposed measures and any other project works and operational requirements are resolved at the earliest practical date and without compromising the intention of the mitigation measures.

10.2 Construction Phase and Initial Operation Phase

A specialist landscape sub-contractor should be employed by the Contractor for the construction of the landscape works and subsequent maintenance operations during a 12-month establishment period. A qualified landscape architect of the ET should monitor the works of the specialist Landscape sub-contractor, including both hard and soft landscape works.

A tree survey update should be prepared by the Contractor for submission to DLO prior to commencement of construction, and for the purpose of protecting the retained/ preserved trees by the Project, if any. Removal of existing trees should be minimised.

All measures undertaken by both the Contractor and the specialist landscape sub-contractor during the construction phase and establishment period (i.e. the first 12 months of operation phase) will be audited by a qualified landscape architect of the ET, to ensure compliance with the aims of the proposed measures. Site inspection should be undertaken at least once per month throughout the construction phase and establishment period.

The broad scope of the site inspection to be undertaken by the qualified landscape architect is detailed below. For a detailed checklist refer to Table 10.1.

§ To check the extent of the agreed works areas regularly during the construction phase. Any trespass by the Contractor outside the limits of the work areas, including any damage to existing trees should be reported in the audit report;

§ To review the progress of the engineering works regularly to identify the earliest practical opportunities for the landscape works to be undertaken;

§ To check if the existing trees and vegetation within the project site boundary which are not affected by the construction works are retained and protected;

§ To review and confirm that the methods of protection of the existing vegetation proposed by the Contractor are acceptable and properly implemented;

§ To check if the preparation, lifting transport and re-planting operations for any transplanted trees are undertaken in accordance with the relevant guidelines;

§ To check if the Landscape works are carried out in accordance with the contract specifications;

§ To check if the planting of new trees, shrubs, groundcover, climbers, ferns, grasses and other plants, together with the replanting of any transplanted trees are carried out properly and within the right season; and

§ To check if necessary horticultural operations and replacement planting are undertaken throughout the establishment period to ensure the healthy establishment and growth of both transplanted trees and all newly established plants.

Table 10.1: Detailed Checklist for Implementation of Landscape Mitigation Measures during the Construction Phase / Establishment Period

Measures
CM1	Tree Protection and Preservation - Trees/ woodland within the works area will be protected and preserved during the detailed design stage and construction phase
CM2	Tree Transplantation – Should removal of trees be unavoidable due to construction impacts, trees will be transplanted where technically feasible.⁽³⁾
CM3	Decorative Screen Hoarding - Decorative screen hoarding will be erected along areas of the construction works site boundary where the works site borders publically accessible routes and/or is close to visually sensitive receivers (VSRs) to screen undesirable views of the works site. It is proposed that the screening be compatible with the surrounding environment and where possible, non-reflective, recessive colours be used.
CM4	Light Control – Construction and night time lighting glare will be controlled to minimize glare impact to adjacent VSRs during the construction stage.
CM5	Topsoil reuse - Excavated topsoil should be conserved for re-use by the Project or other projects.
CM6	Watercourse Impact Mitigation - Where watercourses are anticipated to be unavoidably affected, for natural/ semi-natural watercourses, these will be modified to achieve a natural appearance similar to existing. A proposed Wetland Compensatory Area is also included within the Project Site and this will accommodate the natural watercourse currently existing in the proposed area. For channelized watercourses these will be modified to match the existing and some additional enhancement planting should be implemented to upgrade these channels. Bridges will be used to minimise the necessity of watercourse modification, and box culverts will also be used to protect watercourses where necessary.
OM1	Detailed Design Considerations – Detailed design of development components should reduce landscape footprint and visibility of structures. The area allowed for any development components should be reduced to a practical minimum.
OM2	Aesthetically Pleasing Design – The form, textures, finishes and colours of the proposed development components should be compatible with the existing surroundings. Light earthy tone colours such as shades of green, shades of grey, shades of brown and off-white may be utilised where technically feasible to reduce the visibility of the development components, including all roadwork, buildings and noise barriers etc. To further improve visual amenity, natural building materials such as stone and timber, should be preferably adopted for architectural features, where technically feasible.
OM3	Compensatory Planting - All compensatory planting of trees is to be carried out in accordance with ETWB TCW No. 03/2006. Section 9 (Ecology) of the EIA Report contains further details of the compensatory planting specifically for woodland. A total woodland compensation area of 18.6 ha is proposed. In view of the maturity of the secondary woodland impacted, a higher compensation ratio is proposed and details can be found in the proposed Woodland Compensation Plan in Appendix 9.4. For key LRs containing substantial numbers of affected trees, Table 11.15a of the EIA Report gives an approximation of the number of trees to be planted to compensate for the trees felled in each of these key LRs. Some compensatory shrub and ground cover planting will also be provided. Space is to be allowed on both sides of the associated road works, on the peripheries of both BCP and the Middle Ventilation building for such planting. This area of compensatory shrub and ground cover planting is approximately 21 ha in size over the whole project area. In addition, a Wetland Compensation Area (WCA) is proposed to compensate for some wet areas of farmland and shrubby grassland on lowland Section 9 (Ecology) contains further details of the WCA with Figure 9.28 of the EIA Report showing a conceptual plan of the area. Details of the Wetland Compensation Plan (WCP) would be formulated and provided under a Habitat Creation and Management Plan during the detailed design stage.
OM4	Buffer Tree Planting – Tree planting shall be provided to screen the proposed structures and associated facilities. In addition, the compensatory shrub and ground cover planting detailed in OM3 will provide screening and improve compatibility with the surrounding environment..
OM5	Aesthetic Improvement Planting-Viaduct Structure – Planters will be provided for trailer planting to soften the hard, straight edges of the viaduct. Where space allows for planters, climbers are proposed to cover vertical, hard surfaces of the piers.
OM6	Aesthetic Improvement Planting-Under Viaduct – Shade tolerant plants will be planted, where light is sufficient, to improve aesthetic value of areas under viaducts.
OM7	Landscaped Slope – Where existing hillside slopes are anticipated to be modified (eg cut slope at the portals of the tunnel sections and embankments along the alignment) the final slope surface will be landscaped by hydroseeding, tree or shrub planting where slope gradient allows.
OM8	Green Roof – Green roofing should be established on proposed buildings to reduce exposure to untreated concrete surfaces and mitigate visual impact to VSRs at high levels.
OM9	Vertical Greening – Vertical planting should be established to soften the hard, vertical surfaces of the proposed development components. These components will include walls of administration and ventilation buildings, retaining walls and road abutments.
OM10	Roadside Amenity Planting – Roadside amenity planting should be provided, to enhance the landscape and visual quality of the existing and proposed transport routes and car parks.
OM11	Reinstatement – Certain areas unavoidably disturbed by the Project will be reprovisioned. The Chuk Yuen Village within the BCP area will be re-sited to a designed location before commencement of the Project. Further details on the ‘Re-site of Chuk Yuen Village’ are discussed in Section 11.8 of the EIA Report. Existing farmland, rural built/open storage areas and industrial/factory areas will not be reinstated but such areas affected should be conditioned to suit future land use. For reinstatement involving planting measures, refer to other mitigation measures e.g. for woodland/shrubby grassland/vegetated slopes, see CM1, CM2, OM3, OM7. For watercourse, see CM6.
OM12	Light Control – Street and night time lighting glare will be controlled to minimize glare impact to adjacent VSRs during the operation stage.
OM13	Reprovisioned LCSD Garden - The Open Space of Wo Keng Shan public garden falls within the Project Site and will be reprovisioned to reprovide the amenities of the garden on a one to one basis e.g. existing trees, benches etc will be re-provided in the new garden. The proposed location of the reprovisioned garden is near the existing location and shown on Figure 10.5 of this Report and this is subject to confirmation by CEDD and LCSD.

The landscape mitigation measures are shown in Figures 10.1-10.7. In the event of non-compliance the responsibilities of the relevant parties are detailed in the Event/ Action Plan provided on Table 10.2.

Table 10.2: Event and Action Plan for Landscape and Visual Monitoring during Construction and Operational Phases

Action level	Environmental Team (ET)	Independent Environmental Checker (IEC)	Contractor
Non-conformity on one occasion	1. Identify source 2. Inform the IEC and the Contractor 3. Discuss remedial actions with the IEC and the Contractor 4. Monitor remedial actions until rectification has been completed	1. Check report 2. Check the Contractor’s working method 3. Discuss with the ET and the Contractor on practical remedial measures 4. Advise ER on effectiveness of proposed remedial measures 5. Check implementation of remedial measures.	6. Amend working methods 7. Rectify damage and undertake any necessary replacement
Repeated Non-conformity	8. Identify source 9. Inform the IEC and the Contractor 10. Increase monitoring frequency 11. Discuss remedial actions with the IEC and the Contractor 12. Monitor remedial actions until rectification has been completed 13. If non-compliance stops, cease additional monitoring	14. Check monitoring report 15. Check the Contractor’s working method 16. Discuss with the ET and the Contractor on practical remedial measures 17. Advise the ER on effectiveness of proposed remedial measures 18. Monitor the implementation of remedial measures	19. Amend working methods 20. Rectify damage and undertake any necessary replacement

Action level

Environmental Team (ET)

Independent Environmental Checker (IEC)

Contractor

Non-conformity on one occasion

1. Identify source

2. Inform the IEC and the Contractor

3. Discuss remedial actions with the IEC and the Contractor

4. Monitor remedial actions until rectification has been completed

1. Check report

2. Check the Contractor’s working method

3. Discuss with the ET and the Contractor on practical remedial measures

4. Advise ER on effectiveness of proposed remedial measures

5. Check implementation of remedial measures.

6. Amend working methods

7. Rectify damage and undertake any necessary replacement

Repeated Non-conformity

8. Identify source

9. Inform the IEC and the Contractor

10. Increase monitoring frequency

11. Discuss remedial actions with the IEC and the Contractor

12. Monitor remedial actions until rectification has been completed

13. If non-compliance stops, cease additional monitoring

14. Check monitoring report

15. Check the Contractor’s working method

16. Discuss with the ET and the Contractor on practical remedial measures

17. Advise the ER on effectiveness of proposed remedial measures

18. Monitor the implementation of remedial measures

19. Amend working methods

20. Rectify damage and undertake any necessary replacement

11. Cultural Heritage Impact

11.1 Introduction

The cultural heritage impact assessment in the EIA Report has evaluated the potential cultural heritage impacts of the Project and recommended appropriate mitigation measures to avoid and minimize the identified impacts arising from the construction of the Project. As part of the EM&A requirements, the following EM&A programme should be implemented prior to and during construction stage of the Project.

As there will be no impact during the operation of the Project, no EM&A programme will be required during the operation phase.

11.2 Construction Phase

11.2.1 Built Heritage

11.2.1.1 Photographic and Cartographic Records

Mitigation measures in the form of detailed photographic and cartographic recordings are recommended to be conducted on the sixteen sites of the directly impacted graves, built structures and historical/cultural landscape features in order to preserve them in record prior to their removal/relocation. These directly impacted built heritage features include thirteen graves (GR01, GR02, GR05, GR06, GR08, GR10, GR13, GR15, GR16, GR17, GR18, GR19, GR20), two built structures (BS64 and BS65) and one historical/cultural landscape feature (LF08). Their details are listed in Table 11.1:

Table 11.1: Impacted Built Heritage that Require Detailed Photographic and Cartographic Recordings

Site Code	Site Name	Relevant Project Sections	Reference Figures
*Graves*
GR01	Group of Law Clan Graves (4 Nos.)	BCP Section	Figure 12.2.1 of EIA Report
GR02	Group of Tang Clan Graves (5 Nos.)	BCP Section	Figure 12.2.1 of EIA Report
GR05	Fu Grave	Section between Ling Ma Hang and Frontier Closed Area Boundary	Figure 12.2.3 of EIA Report
GR06	Yu Grave	Section between Ling Ma Hang and Frontier Closed Area Boundary	Figure 12.2.3 of EIA Report
GR08	Chan Grave	Section between Ping Yeung and Wo Keng Shan	Figure 12.2.7a of EIA Report
GR10	Tsui Grave	Section between Ping Yeung and Wo Keng Shan	Figure 12.2.9c of EIA Report
GR13	Yim Grave	Fanling section	Figure 12.2.18 of EIA Report
GR15	Chan Grave	Fanling section	Figure 12.2.21 of EIA Report
GR16	Ho Grave	Fanling section	Figure 12.2.21 of EIA Report
GR17	Cheung Grave	Fanling section	Figure 12.2.21 of EIA Report
GR18	Yip Grave	Section between Ping Yeung and Wo Keng Shan	Figure 12.2.7b of EIA Report
GR19	Law Grave	BCP section	Figure 12.2.1 of EIA Report
GR20	Lam Grave	Cheung Shan Tunnel Section	Figure 12.2.10c of EIA Report
*Built Structures*
BS64	Village Houses, Ha Wo Keng Shan Village	Section between Ping Yeung and Wo Keng Shan	Figure 12.2.9b of EIA Report
BS65	Village Houses, Ha Wo Keng Shan Village	Section between Ping Yeung and Wo Keng Shan	Figure 12.2.9b of EIA Report
*Historical/Cultural Landscape Feature*
LF08	Well	BCP Section	Figure 12.2.1 of EIA Report

Prior to the commencement of the photographic and cartographic recording, detailed work plan should be submitted to the Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) for agreement. The plan should be prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Guidelines for Photographic Records and Cartographic Records established by AMO (see Appendix D). Liaison with and obtaining agreement from the descendents of the directly impacted graves will need to be carried out by the Lands Department.

11.2.1.2 Vibration Monitoring

Since no potential construction vibration impacts have been identified for the proposed scheme assessed in the EIA Study, no vibration monitoring is considered necessary. However, if there is any amendment to the design during detailed design stage, the potential impacts will need to be reviewed. In case the design change will cause potential vibration impacts on the identified built heritage features, it is recommended that prior to commencement of the construction works, a baseline condition survey and baseline vibration monitoring should be conducted by a qualified building surveyor and a qualified structural engineer to define the vibration limit and to evaluate if construction vibration monitoring and structural strengthening measures are required during construction phase to ensure that the construction of the Project will not cause adverse impact to the heritage features.

11.2.1.3 Temporary Grave Access Diversion

Access of the grave GR03 will temporarily be affected by the proposed works during construction phase. Temporary access division will be provided during the construction phase so that access to the grave will not be blocked as a result of the construction works. After completion of construction works, the affected access route is required to be re-provided.

11.2.2 Archaeology

Two mitigation measures are recommended to mitigate the potential direct impacts on the potential or unknown archaeological resources, namely Archaeological Survey-cum-Rescue Excavation and Archaeological Survey on the resumed private land areas. These archaeological works should be conducted by a professional archaeologist who should obtain a Licence to Excavate and Search for Antiquities from the Authority under the AM Ordinance. An Archaeological Action Plan (AAP) following the Guideline for Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment should be submitted to Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO). The project proponent should appoint qualified and experienced archaeologist(s) with sufficient funding, time and personnel arrangements to implement the AAP. Details of the proposal plan with specification for further archaeological survey and survey-cum-rescue excavation should be agreed with AMO. The AAP should include , but not limited to, the following information:

§ a detailed plan for further archaeological survey at inaccessible areas in Section between Lin Ma Hang and Frontier Closed Area Boundary, Section between Ping Yeung and Wo Keng Shan, Sha Tau Kok Road Section (Between North and South Tunnel), Lau Shui Heung Tunnel Section (South Tunnel) and Fanling Section;

§ a detailed plan for survey-cum-rescue excavation at the Section between Ping Yeung and Wo Keng Shan; and

§ a contingency plan to address possible arrangement if significant archaeological findings are unearthed during the further archaeological survey and survey-cum-rescue excavation.

Details of these mitigation measures are described in Sections 11.2.2.1 and 11.2.2.2 below:

11.2.2.1 Survey-Cum-Rescue Excavation

A survey-cum-rescue excavation with an indicative boundary as shown in Figure 11.2 in the Section between Ping Yeung and Wo Keng Shan should be conducted after land resumption and before the commencement of the construction works to further investigate the archaeological remains and to preserve the archaeological remains, if any, confirmed by the survey.

11.2.2.2 Archaeological Survey in Resumed Private Land Area

Due to site access constraint, some areas have not yet been surveyed during the EIA Study of the Project. A further archaeological survey should be conducted after land resumption to complete the outstanding survey proposed for the EIA Study to obtain field data to verify the EIA findings. Table 11.2 summarises the areas that need further archaeological survey after land resumption.

Table 11.2: Areas Requiring Further Archaeological Survey

Relevant Project Sections	Scope of Work	Reference Figures
Section between Lin Ma Hang and Frontier Closed Area Boundary	§ 7 test pits; § 4 auger holes; and § Additional test pits and auger holes in area of low archaeological potential illustrated in Figure 12.6.1 of the EIA Report. Quantity and location of test pits and auger holes required to be agreed with AMO.	§ Figure 12.6.1 of the EIA Report
Section between Ping Yeung and Wo Keng Shan	§ 4 test pits; § 6 auger holes; and § Survey-cum-rescue excavation, detailed scope to be agreed with AMO.	§ Figures 12.6.2 and 12.6.3 of the EIA Report
Sha Tau Kok Road Section (Between North and South Tunnel)	§ 9 test pits; and § 12 auger holes.	§ Figure 12.6.4 of the EIA Report
Lau Shui Heung Tunnel Section (South Tunnel)	§ 2 test pits.	§ Figure 12.6.5 of the EIA Report
Fanling Section	§ 2 test pits; and § 3 auger holes.	§ Figure 12.6.6 of the EIA Report

11.3 Operation Phase

11.3.1 Built Heritage

Since all directly impacted built heritage features are to be relocated or removed prior to commencement of construction works, no impact is anticipated, and no EM&A programme is required during the operation phase of the Project.

11.3.2 Archaeological Resources

No EM&A programme is required.

12. Environmental Auditing

12.1 Site Inspections

Site inspections provide a direct means to trigger and enforce the specified environmental protection and pollution control measures. They should be undertaken routinely by the ET to inspect the construction activities in order to ensure that appropriate environmental protection and pollution control mitigation measures are properly implemented. With well defined pollution control and mitigation specifications and a well established site inspection, deficiency and action reporting system, the site inspection is one of the most effective tools to enforce the environmental protection requirements on the construction site.

The ET Leader shall be responsible for formulating the environmental site inspection, the deficiency and action reporting system, and for carrying out the site inspection works. He shall submit a proposal for site inspection and deficiency and action reporting procedures to the IEC for agreement, and to the ER for approval. The Contractor’s proposal for rectification would be made known to the ER and IEC.

Regular site inspections led by the ET leader shall be carried out at least once per week. The areas of inspection shall not be limited to the environmental situation, pollution control and mitigation measures within the site; it should also review the environmental situation outside the Project sites which is likely to be affected, directly or indirectly, by the site activities. The ET shall make reference to the following information in conducting the inspection:

§ the EIA and EM&A recommendations on environmental protection and pollution control mitigation measures

§ the Environmental Permit conditions

§ ongoing results of the EM&A program

§ works progress and programme

§ individual works methodology proposals (which shall include proposal on associated pollution control measures)

§ contract specifications on environmental protection

§ relevant environmental protection and pollution control laws

§ previous site inspection results undertaken by the ET and others

The Contractor shall keep the ET Leader updated with all relevant information on the construction contract necessary for him to carry out the site inspections. Inspection results and associated recommendations for improvements to the environmental protection and pollution control works shall be submitted to the IEC and the Contractor within 24 hours for reference and for taking immediate action. The Contractor shall follow the procedures and time-frame stipulated in the environmental site inspection, and the deficiency and action reporting system formulated by the ET Leader, to report on any remedial measures subsequent to the site inspections.

The ET shall also carry out ad hoc site inspections if significant environmental problems are identified. Inspections may also be required subsequent to receipt of an environmental complaint, or as part of the investigation work.

12.2 Compliance with Legal and Contractual Requirements

There are contractual environmental protection and pollution control requirements as well as environmental protection and pollution control laws in Hong Kong with which construction activities must comply.

In order that the works are in compliance with the contractual requirements, relevant sections (e.g. sections related to environmental measures) of works method statements submitted by the Contractor to the ER for approval shall be sent to the ET Leader for vetting to see whether sufficient environmental protection and pollution control measures have been included.

The ET Leader shall also keep himself informed of the progress and programme of the works to check that relevant environmental laws have not been violated, and that any foreseeable potential for violation can be prevented.

The Contractor shall regularly copy relevant documents to the ET Leader so that works checking can be carried out. The document shall at least include the updated Works Progress Reports, updated Works Programme, any application letters for different licence / permits under the environmental protection laws, and copies of all valid licences / permits. The site diary shall also be made available for the ET Leader's inspection upon his request.

After reviewing the documentation, the ET Leader shall advise the Contractor of any noncompliance with contractual and legislative requirements on environmental protection and pollution control for them to take follow-up actions, including any potential violation of requirements.

Upon receipt of the advice, the Contractor shall undertake immediate action to correct the situation. The ER shall follow up to ensure that appropriate action has been taken in order to satisfy contractual and legal requirements.

12.3 Environmental Complaints

Handling of environmental complaints should follow the environmental complaint flow diagram and reporting channel as presented in Figure 12.1.

During the complaint investigation work, the Contractor and ER shall cooperate with the ET in providing all necessary information and assistance for completion of the investigation. If mitigation measures are identified in the investigation, the Contractor shall promptly carry out the mitigation works. The ER shall ensure that the measures have been carried out by the Contractor.

13. Reporting

13.1 Introduction

The reporting requirements of EM&A are based upon a paper-documented approach. However, the same information can be provided in an electronic medium upon agreeing the format with the IEC, the ER and EPD (for construction phase), and with the Environmental Consultant, CEDD and EPD (for operation phase). This would enable a transition from a paper / historic and reactive approach to an electronic / real time proactive approach.

For construction phase of EM&A, types of reports that the ET Leader shall prepare and submit include baseline monitoring report, monthly EM&A report, quarterly EM&A summary report and final EM&A review report. In accordance with Annex 21 of the EIAO-TM, a copy of the monthly, quarterly summary and final review EM&A reports shall be submitted to the Director of Environmental Protection. The exact details of the frequency, distribution and time frame for submission shall be agreed with the IEC, the ER and EPD prior to commencement of works

13.2 Baseline Monitoring Report

The ET Leader shall prepare and submit a Baseline Environmental Monitoring Report within 10 working days of completion of the baseline monitoring. Copies of the Baseline Environmental Monitoring Report shall be submitted to the Contractor, the IEC, the ER, CEDD and EPD. The ET Leader shall liaise with the relevant parties on the exact number of copies they require. The report format and baseline monitoring data format shall be agreed with the IEC, the ER and EPD prior to submission.

The baseline monitoring report shall include at least the following:

(i) up to half a page executive summary

(ii) brief project background information

(iii) drawings showing locations of the baseline monitoring stations

(iv) monitoring results (in both hard and diskette copies) together with the following information:

§ monitoring methodology

§ name of laboratory and types of equipment used and calibration details

§ parameters monitored

§ monitoring locations (and depth)

§ monitoring date, time, frequency and duration

§ quality assurance (QA) / quality control (QC) results and detection limits

(v) details of influencing factors, including:

§ major activities, if any, being carried out on the site during the period/monitoring

§ weather conditions during the period/monitoring

§ other factors which might affect results

(vi) determination of the Action and Limit Levels for each monitoring parameter and statistical analysis of the baseline data, the analysis shall conclude if there is any significant difference between control and impact stations for the parameters monitored

(vii) revisions for inclusion in the EM&A Manual

(viii) comments, recommendations and conclusions.

13.3 Monthly EM&A Reports

The results and findings of all EM&A work carried out during the month shall be recorded in the monthly EM&A reports prepared by the ET Leader. The EM&A report shall be prepared and submitted within 10 working days from the end of each reporting month. Each monthly EM&A report shall be submitted to the following parties: the Contractor, the IEC, the ER, CEDD and the EPD. Before submission of the first EM&A report, the ET Leader shall liaise with the parties on the required number of copies and format of the monthly reports in both hard copy and electronic medium.

The ET leader shall review the number and location of monitoring stations and parameters every six months, or on as needed basis, in order to cater for any changes in the surrounding environment and the nature of works in progress.

13.3.1 First Monthly EM&A Report

The first monthly EM&A report shall include at least but not be limited to the following:

(i) executive summary (1-2 pages):

§ breaches of Action and Limit levels

§ complaint log

§ notifications of any summons and status of prosecutions

§ changes made that affect the EM&A

§ future key issues

(ii) basic project information:

§ project organisation including key personnel contact names and telephone numbers

§ scope of works of the Project

§ construction programme

§ works undertaken during the month with illustrations (such as location of works etc)

§ drawings showing the project area, any environmental sensitive receivers and the locations of the monitoring and control stations (with co-ordinates of the monitoring locations)

(iii) a brief summary of EM&A requirements including:

§ all monitoring parameters

§ environmental quality performance limits (Action and Limit levels)

§ Event-Action Plans

§ environmental mitigation measures, as recommended in the project EIA study final report

§ environmental requirements in contract documents

(iv) environmental status:

§ advice on status of compliance with environmental permit including the status of submissions under the environmental permit

(v) implementation status:

§ implementation status of environmental protection and pollution control / mitigation measures, as recommended in the EIA Report

(vi) monitoring results (in both hard and diskette copies) together with the following information:

§ monitoring methodology

§ name of laboratory and types of equipment used and calibration details

§ parameters monitored

§ monitoring locations

§ monitoring date, time, frequency, and duration

§ weather conditions during the period/monitoring

§ graphical plots of the monitored parameters in the month annotated against

- the major activities being carried out on site during the period

- weather conditions that may affect the monitoring results

- any other factors which might affect the monitoring results

- QA/QC results and detection limits

(vii) Analysis of monitoring results, non-compliance, complaints, and notifications of summons and status of prosecutions:

§ analysis and interpretation of monitoring results in the month

§ any non-compliance (exceedances) of the environmental quality performance limits (Action

§ and Limit levels)

§ changes made that affect the EM&A during the month

§ complaints received (written or verbal) for each media, including locations and nature of complaints, investigation, liaison and consultation undertaken, actions and follow-up procedures taken, results and summary

§ notification of summons and status of prosecutions for breaches of current environmental protection / pollution control legislation, including locations and nature of the breaches, investigation, follow-up actions taken, results and summary

§ reasons for and the implications of non-compliance, complaints, summons and prosecutions including review of pollution sources and working procedures

§ actions taken in the event of non-compliance and deficiency, and follow-up actions related to earlier non-compliance

(viii) others

§ an account of the future key issues as reviewed from the works programme and work method statements

§ comment on the solid and liquid waste management status during the month including waste generation and disposal records

§ outstanding issues and deficiencies

§ comments on effectiveness of the environmental management systems, practices, procedures and mitigation measures), recommendations (for example, any improvement in the EM&A programme) and conclusions

(ix) appendix

§ monitoring schedule for the present and next reporting period

§ cumulative statistics on complaints, notifications of summons and successful prosecutions

§ outstanding issues and deficiencies

13.3.2 Subsequent Monthly EM&A Reports

Subsequent monthly EM&A reports shall include the following:

(i) executive summary (1-2 pages):

§ breaches of Action and Limit levels

§ complaint log

§ notifications of any summons and status of prosecutions

§ changes made that affect the EM&A

§ future key issues

(ii) environmental status:

§ advice on status of compliance with environmental permit including the status of submissions under the environmental permit

(iii) implementation status:

§ implementation status of environmental protection and pollution control / mitigation measures, as recommended in the EIA Report

(iv) monitoring results (in both hard and diskette copies) together with the following information:

§ monitoring methodology

§ name of laboratory and types of equipment used and calibration details

§ parameters monitored

§ monitoring locations

§ monitoring date, time, frequency, and duration

§ weather conditions during the period/monitoring

§ graphical plots of the monitored parameters in the month annotated against:

- the major activities being carried out on site during the period

- weather conditions that may affect the monitoring results

- any other factors which might affect the monitoring results

- QA/QC results and detection limits

(v) Analysis of monitoring results, non-compliance, complaints, and notifications of summons and status of prosecutions:

§ analysis and interpretation of monitoring results in the month

§ any non-compliance (exceedances) of the environmental quality performance limits (Action and Limit levels)

§ changes made that affect the EM&A during the month

§ reasons for and the implications of non-compliance, complaints, summons and prosecutions including review of pollution sources and working procedures

§ actions taken in the event of non-compliance and deficiency, and follow-up actions related to earlier non-compliance

(vi) others

§ an account of the future key issues as reviewed from the works programme and work method statements

§ comment on the solid and liquid waste management status during the month including waste generation and disposal records

§ outstanding issues and deficiencies

(vii) appendix

§ monitoring schedule for the present and next reporting period

§ cumulative statistics on complaints, notifications of summons and successful prosecutions

§ outstanding issues and deficiencies

Some information concerning the EM&A works, such as the EM&A requirements would remain unchanged throughout the EM&A programme. In the subsequent Monthly EM&A Reports, the First Monthly EM&A Report can be referred instead of repeating the description of the unchanged information.

13.4 Quarterly EM&A Reports

A quarterly EM&A report shall be produced and shall contain at least the following information. In addition, the first quarterly summary report should also confirm if the monitoring work is proving effective and that it is generating data with the necessary statistical power to categorically identify or confirm the absence of impact attributable to the works.

(i) up to half a page executive summary

(ii) basic project information including a synopsis of the project organisation and programme, and a synopsis of works undertaken during the quarter

(iii) a brief summary of EM&A requirements including:

§ monitoring parameters

§ environmental quality performance limits (Action and Limit levels)

§ environmental mitigation measures, as recommended in the project EIA Final Report

(iv) drawings showing the project area, environmental sensitive receivers and the locations of the monitoring and control stations

(v) implementation status of environmental protection and pollution control / mitigation measures, as recommended in the EIA Report

(vi) graphical plots of the monitored parameters over the past four months (the last month of the previous quarter and the present quarter) for representative monitoring stations annotated against:

§ the major activities being carried out on site during the period

§ weather conditions during the period

§ any other factors which might affect the monitoring results

(vii) advice on the solid and liquid waste management status during the quarter including waste generation and disposal records

(viii) a summary of non-compliance (exceedances) of the environmental quality performance limits (Action and Limit levels)

(ix) a brief review of the reasons for and the implications of any non-compliance, including a review of pollution sources and working procedures

(x) a summary description of actions taken in the event of non-compliance and any follow-up procedures related to any earlier non-compliance

(xi) a summary of all complaints received (written or verbal) for each media, liaison and consultation undertaken, actions and follow-up procedures taken

(xii) comments on the effectiveness and efficiency of the mitigation measures); recommendations on any improvement in the EM&A programme and conclusions for the quarter

(xiii) proponents' contacts and any hotline telephone number for the public to make enquiries.

13.5 Final EM&A Review Report

The EM&A program coould be terminated upon completion of those construction activities that have the potential to cause significant environmental impacts, and/or the completion of operational traffic noise monitoring, monitoring of woodland compensation and wetland compensation, whichever is the later.

The proposed termination by the Contractor should only be implemented after the proposal has been endorsed by the IEC, the ER and the Project proponent followed by final approval from the Director of Environmental Protection.

The final EM&A report should include, inter alia, the following information:

(i) an executive summary

(ii) basic project information including a synopsis of the project organisation and programme, contacts of key management, and a synopsis of work undertaken during the entire construction period

(iii) a brief summary of EM&A requirements including:

§ monitoring parameters

§ environmental quality performance limits (Action and Limit levels)

§ environmental mitigation measures, as recommended in the project EIA study final report

(iv) drawings showing the project area, any environmental sensitive receivers and the locations of the monitoring and control stations

(v) advice on the implementation status of environmental and pollution control/mitigation measures, as recommended in the project EIA study final report, summarised in the updated implementation status proformas

(vi) graphical plots of the monitored parameters over the construction period for representative monitoring stations, including the post-project monitoring annotated against:

§ the major activities being carried out on site during the period

§ weather conditions during the period

§ any other factors which might affect the monitoring results

§ the baseline condition

(vii) compare the EM&A data with the EIA

(viii) Effectiveness of the solid and liquid waste management

(ix) a summary of non-compliance (exceedances) of the environmental quality performance limits (Action and Limit levels)

(x) a brief account of the reasons the non-compliance including a review of pollution sources and working procedures

(xi) a summary of the actions taken against the non-compliance

(xii) a summary of all complaints received (written or verbal) for each media, liaison and consultation undertaken, actions and follow-up procedures taken

(xiii) a review of the monitoring methodology adopted and with the benefit of hindsight, comment its effectiveness (including cost effectiveness)

(xiv) a summary of notifications of summons and successful prosecutions for breaches of the current environmental protection/pollution control legislations, locations and nature of the breaches, investigation, follow-up actions taken and results

(xv) a review of the practicality and effectiveness of the EM&A programme (e.g. effectiveness and efficiency of the mitigation measures), and recommendation on any improvement in the EM&A programme

(xvi) a conclusion to state the return of ambient and/or the predicted scenario as per EIA findings

13.6 Data Keeping

No site-based documents (such as monitoring field records, laboratory analysis records, site inspection forms, etc.) are required to be included in the EM&A reporting documents. However, any such document shall be well kept by the ET Leader / Monitoring Team and be ready for inspection upon request. All relevant information shall be clearly and systematically recorded in the document. Monitoring data shall also be recorded in magnetic media form, and the software copy must be available upon request. Data format shall be agreed with the IEC, the ER, CEDD and EPD. All documents and data shall be kept for at least one year following completion of the construction contract and one year after the completion of operation phase monitoring for construction phase EM&A and operational phase EM&A respectively.

13.7 Interim Notifications of Environmental Quality Limit Exceedances

For construction phase EM&A, with reference to the Event and Action Plan, when the environmental quality performance limits are exceeded, the ET Leader shall immediately notify the IEC, the ER and EPD, as appropriate and shall keep them informed of the results of the investigation, proposed remedial measures, actions taken, updated situation on site, need for further follow-up proposals, etc. A sample template for the interim notifications is shown in Appendix C. The ET Leader may modify the interim notification form for this EM&A programme, the format of which should be approved by the ER and agreed by the IEC.