12.1
This section identifies the types of waste
which are likely to be generated during the construction and operation phases
of the Project, and evaluates the potential environmental impacts that may result
from the waste generation.
12.2
Mitigation measures and good site practices,
including waste handling, storage and disposal, have been recommended with
reference to relevant waste legislation and management guidelines. Handling and disposal of contaminated
sediments have also been discussed.
12.3
The criteria and guidelines for assessing
waste management implications are outlined in Annex 7 and Annex 15 of the
Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process (EIAO-TM),
respectively.
12.4
The following legislation also cover the
handling, treatment and disposal of waste in
Ÿ Waste
Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354);
Ÿ Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap.
Ÿ Land
(Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28);
Ÿ Public
Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap. 132) - Public Cleansing and Prevention
of Nuisances Regulation;
Ÿ Waste
Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N);
and
Ÿ Dumping at
Sea Ordinance (Cap. 466).
Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354)
12.5
The Waste
Disposal Ordinance (WDO) prohibits any unauthorized disposal of waste.
Construction waste, defined under Cap. 354N of the WDO,
refers to a substance, matter or thing which is generated from construction
works. It includes all abandoned
materials, whether processed or stockpiled or not, before being abandoned, but
does not include sludge, screenings or matter removed or generated from desludging, desilting or dredging
works. Under the WDO, waste can be disposed of only at designated waste
disposal facilities licensed by the Environmental Protection Department (EPD).
Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap.
12.6
Under the WDO, the Chemical Waste (General) Regulation provides regulations for chemical
waste control, and administers the possession, storage, collection, transport
and disposal of chemical waste. EPD has
also issued the Code of Practice on the
Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992), which details
how the chemical waste producers should comply with the regulations on chemical
waste.
Public Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap. 132)
12.7
The Public
Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation provides control on
illegal tipping of waste on unauthorized (unlicensed) sites.
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28)
12.8
The inert portion of Construction and
Demolition (C&D) materials (including rocks, soil, broken concrete,
building debris, etc.) may be taken to Public Fill Reception Facilities
(PFRFs). PFRFs usually form part of land
reclamation schemes and are operated by the Civil Engineering and Development
Department (CEDD) and others. The Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance
requires that individuals or companies who deliver public fill to the public
fill reception facilities are required to obtain Dumping Licences. The licences
are issued by CEDD under delegated authority from the Director of Lands.
12.9
Individual licences and windscreen stickers
are issued for each vehicle involved.
Under the licence conditions, public fill reception facilities will only
accept soil, sand, rubble, brick, tile, rock, boulder, concrete, asphalt,
masonry or used bentonite. In addition, in accordance with paragraph 12 of the
Development Bureau (DevB) Technical Circular (Works) TC(W) No.6/2010, Public Fill Committee will advise on the
acceptance criteria. The material will,
however, be free from marine mud, household refuse, plastic, metal, industrial
and chemical wastes, animal and vegetable matter and any other materials
considered unsuitable by the public fill reception facility supervisor.
Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste)
Regulation (Cap. 354N)
12.10
Under the Waste
Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation enacted in
January 2006, construction waste delivered to a landfill for disposal must not
contain more than 50% by weight of inert material. Construction waste delivered to a sorting
facility for disposal must contain more than 50% by weight of inert material,
and construction waste delivered to a PFRF for disposal must consist entirely
of inert material.
Dumping at Sea Ordinance (Cap. 466) (DASO)
12.11
This Ordinance came into operation in April
1995 and empowers the Director of Environmental Protection (DEP) to control the
disposal and incineration of substances and particles at sea for the protection
of the marine environment. Under the
Ordinance, a dumping permit from the DEP is required for the disposal of
regulated substances within and outside the waters of
Ÿ Type and
quantity of substances permitted to be dumped;
Ÿ Location
of the disposal grounds;
Ÿ Requirement
of equipment for monitoring the disposal operations; and
Ÿ Environmental
monitoring requirements.
12.12
Marine disposal of any dredged/excavated
sediment is subject to control under the Dumping
at Sea Ordinance. Dredged/excavated
sediment destined for marine disposal is classified based on its contaminant
levels with reference to the Environment,
Transport and Works Bureau Technical Circular (Works) No. 34/2002 - Management
of Dredged/Excavated Sediment (ETWB TC(W) No. 34/2002). The ETWB TC(W) No.
34/2002 stipulated a set of sediment quality criteria or Chemical Exceedance Levels (CEL) for contaminants including metals,
metalloid and organic pollutants.
Details of ETWB TC(W) No. 34/2002 are discussed
in the section below.
12.13
Other guidelines which detail how the
Contractor should comply with are as follow:
Ÿ A Guide to
the Registration of Chemical Waste Producers, Environmental Protection
Department,
Ÿ A Guide to
the Chemical Waste Control Scheme, Environmental Protection Department,
Ÿ Code of
Practice on Package, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992),
Environmental Protection Department,
Ÿ Works
Branch Technical Circular (WBTC) No. 2/93, Public Dumps;
Ÿ Works
Branch Technical Circular No. 2/93B, Public Filling Facilities;
Ÿ Section
4.1.3 of Chapter 4 of the Project Administration Handbook for Civil Engineering
Works, Management of Construction/Demolition Materials including Rocks;
Ÿ ETWB TC(W)
No. 34/2002 - Management of Dredged/Excavated
Sediment;
Ÿ DevB TC(W)
No.6/2010, Trip-ticket System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition
Materials; and
Ÿ ETWB TC(W) No. 19/2005, Environmental Management on Construction
Sites.
12.14
Current policy related to the disposal of
C&D materials is documented in the WBTC
No. 2/93, ‘Public Dumps’. C&D materials that are wholly inert, namely
public fill, should not be disposed of at landfill, but be taken to PFRFs,
which usually form part of reclamation schemes.
The Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance requires the dumping
licenses to be obtained by individuals or companies who deliver public fill to
PFRFs. The CEDD issues the licenses under delegated powers from the Director of
Lands.
12.15
In accordance with the DevB
TC(W) No. 6/2010 ‘Trip
Ticket System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition Materials’, all
contracts that are expected to generate inert C&D materials (e.g. soil,
broken rock, broken concrete and building debris, etc) requiring disposal from
site, the project office shall write to the Public Fill Committee (PFC) through
Secretary of the PFC to request a designated disposal ground for incorporation
into the tender documents. For contracts
where the estimated amount of non-inert C&D materials requiring disposal at
landfill facilities equal or exceed
12.16
Further measures are introduced under Section
4.1.3 of Chapter 4 of the Project Administration Handbook that management of
C&D materials, including rocks are strengthened and their generation at
sources are minimized. The enhancement
measures include: (i) drafting of a Construction and
Demolition Material Management Plan (C&DMMP) at an early design stage to
minimize C&D materials generation and encourage proper management of such
materials; (ii) vetting of the C&DMMP prior to upgrading of the project to
Category A in the Public Works Programme; and (iii) providing the contractor
with information from the C&DMMP in order to facilitate the preparation of
the Waste Management Plan (WMP) and to minimize C&D materials generation
during construction. Projects generating
C&D materials or importing fill material less than
12.17
The ETWB TC(W) No.
34/2002 sets out the procedure for seeking approval to and the management
framework for marine disposal of dredged/ excavated sediment. This Practice Note outlines the requirements
to be followed in assessing and classifying the sediment and explains the
marine disposal arrangement for the classified material. The sediment quality
criteria for the classification of sediment were referred as the Lower Chemical Exceedance
Level (LCEL) and Upper Chemical Exceedance Level (UCEL). The LCEL and UCEL are
presented in Appendix A of ETWB TC(W) No. 34/2002.
Subject to the results of the chemical screening, biological screening may be
required to determine the disposal requirement of the sediment.
12.18
The final determination of the appropriate
disposal options, routing and the allocation of a permit to dispose of material
at a designated site shall be determined in accordance with ETWB TC(W) No. 34/2002.
Three types of disposal options for dredged / excavated sediments were
stipulated in the ETWB TC(W) No. 34/2002: Type 1 –
Open Sea Disposal or Open Sea Disposal in Dedicated Sites, Type 2 – Confined
Marine Disposal and Type 3 – Special Treatment / Disposal. For Type 3 disposal, the Authorized Persons /
Registered Structural Engineers shall be responsible for identifying and
agreeing with the DEP the most appropriate treatment and/or disposal
arrangement. The determination of the
appropriate disposal options shall be based on the sediment classification and
if necessary, the biological screening results.
Description
of the Environment
12.19
Site investigation works conducted under this
EIA Study provide baseline sediment quality of the Study Area. Under this EIA
Study, sediment sampling was conducted in a total of 50 locations, including 11
land-based sampling locations and 39 marine-based sampling locations. The
sampling locations are shown in Figure
No. NEX2213/C/331/ENS/M58/019-026. Details
of the site investigation works are provided in Sections 12.43 to 12.51.
Assessment Approach and Methodology
12.20
The methodology for assessing the potential
waste management impacts during construction and operation of the Project
includes the following tasks:
Ÿ Estimation
of types and quantities of the wastes generated[1];
Ÿ Assessment
of potential impacts from the management of the waste with respect to potential
hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge and public
transport;
Ÿ Evaluation
of the opportunities for reducing waste generation;
Ÿ Identification
of disposal options for each type of waste; and
Ÿ Assessment
of impacts on the capacity of waste collection, transfer and disposal
facilities.
Identification
of Waste Sources
12.21
The types of waste generated and their
respective sources during the construction phase and operation phase are
tabulated in Table 12.1.
|
Waste Types |
Sources of Waste Identified |
Examples |
|
onstruction Phase |
||
|
Construction and Demolition (C&D) Materials |
Ÿ Excavated
materials, generated from Cut-and-Cover (C&C) and TBM method Ÿ Materials
from site formation and demolition
works |
Ÿ Inert C&D materials (i) Rocks (ii) Soft materials (fill, etc.) (iii) Artificial Hard
Materials (AHM) (concrete, etc) (iv) TBM Slurry Ÿ Non – inert C&D materials (i) Timbers, papers and
plastic etc. |
|
Sediments |
Ÿ Construction
works at Hung Hom Landfall, Ÿ Dredging
of sediment along the Ÿ Excavation
to depths at or below underlying marine sediments within reclaimed land for
the construction of railway alignment, South Ventilation Shafts, Plant Rooms
and Emergency Access (SOV) and EXH. Ÿ The
works area where sediment is likely to be generated is shown in Figure Nos. NEX2213/C/331/ENS/M58/019-26. |
Ÿ Marine
deposits, Anthropogenic Mud |
|
Chemical waste |
Ÿ Plant operations and maintenance Ÿ Maintenance of mechanical equipments |
Ÿ Oil and
grease; scrap batteries; used paint and cleaners etc. |
|
General refuse |
Ÿ Construction
works and site-based staff and workers |
Ÿ Food
waste, containers, cans and waste papers etc. |
|
Operation Phase |
||
|
Chemical waste |
Ÿ Maintenance of facilities and equipments Ÿ Renovation work |
Ÿ Used paint,
lubricants and used batteries etc. |
|
General refuse |
Ÿ Staff
and passengers |
Ÿ Food
waste, containers, cans and waste papers etc. |
|
Industrial waste |
Ÿ Maintenance
activities of ventilation buildings, stations and railway |
Ÿ Scrap materials
like metals etc. |
Predicted and Evaluation of Waste Impacts for
Construction Phase
12.22
The types of waste generated during
construction phase include:
Ÿ C&D
Materials generated from demolition, excavation and site formation works;
Ÿ Sediments;
Ÿ Chemical
Waste; and
Ÿ General
Refuse.
Construction and Demolition Materials
12.23
Owing to the combined effects from urban
setting and nature of engineering constraints, the available schemes for
construction of railway facilities and tunnels are limited, hindering the
minimization of generation.
Notwithstanding, the following measures have been taken to minimize
quantity of C&D materials:
Ÿ Constant
design reviews in striving to optimise the scheme proposals;
Ÿ Minimal
interference with existing structures to reduce the quantity of demolition
materials;
Ÿ Proposed
use of prefabricated materials where possible; and
Ÿ Reuse of
existing structures in the design where possible.
12.24
Demolition materials (Artificial Hard
Material (AHM)), such as bituminous materials, broken concrete and building
debris, are from the demolition works for the existing structures, such as
Kowloon Freight Building, running shed, etc.
A total of about 110,000m3
of AHM (including 5,200m3 of bituminous materials) would be
generated. Materials recovered should be
recycled or reused as far as possible. Metals would be separated from AHM,
which would be disposed of at PFRFs.
12.25
Excavated materials, which include rocks and
soft materials, would be generated from excavation of Exhibition Station (EXH),
tunnels and ventilation buildings. It is estimated that the total excavated
C&D materials would be about 987,000m3
(sum of rock and soft materials).
12.26
The following non-inert C&D materials
would also be generated during construction phase:
Ÿ Timber
from formwork;
Ÿ Vegetation
from site formation;
Ÿ Unusable/surplus
concrete or grouting mixture; and
Ÿ Papers
& plastics.
12.27
About 30,000m3 of non-inert
C&D materials would be generated, which would be reused and recycled as
much as possible before disposal of at landfills. It is the Contractor’s
responsibility to separate the inert and non-inert C&D materials on site.
12.28
The total volume of inert C&D materials
generated from demolition, excavation and site formation works is estimated to
be about 1,097,000m3. With limited space
within the project sites, it is not practicable to stockpile the excavated
materials for subsequent backfilling. All of the excavated materials have,
therefore, to be exported off-site. The inert C&D materials generated would
be reused as far as practicable at other
concurrent projects. A summary of
inert C&D materials generated during construction phase is shown in Table
12.2.
Detailed yearly waste breakdown was provided in Appendix 12.1.
Table 12.2 Summary
of Inert Construction and Demolition Materials Quantities Generated
|
Rock
(Grade I to III) (m3) |
Soft
Material (Fill, etc.) (m3) |
AHM (m3) |
Off Site Disposal
(m3) |
Disposal
Site |
|
|
NOV |
- |
5,000 |
- |
5,000 |
Surplus Material will be reused at other
concurrent projects or delivered to PFRFs. The exact C&D materials to be
re-used will be determined when the contractors are on board and may be
subject to change throughout the construction period. |
|
|
- |
- |
11,000 |
11,000 |
|
|
IMT at |
- |
24,000 |
- |
24,000 |
|
|
CBTS
Section |
57,000 |
115,000 |
63,000 |
235,000 |
|
|
SOV |
25,000 |
43,000 |
19,000 |
87,000 |
|
|
SOV to
EXH |
9,000 |
46,000 |
- |
55,000 |
|
|
EXH |
33,000 |
235,000 |
17,000 |
285,000 |
|
|
EXH to
ADM Cut-and-Cover Tunnel Section |
2,000 |
241,000 |
- |
243,000 |
|
|
EXH to
ADM - TBM Section |
10,000 |
53,000 |
- |
63,000 |
|
|
ADM
Overrun |
89,000 |
- |
- |
89,000 |
|
|
Total |
225,000 |
762,000 |
110,000 |
1,097,000 |
Note: The quantities
shown in the table are estimates only and will be subject to further review
during the detailed design and construction stage.
12.29
Surplus inert C&D materials generated from
the Project may be delivered to two PFRFs operated by CEDD which are Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank and Tseung Kwan O Area 137 Fill Bank. A C&DMMP has been submitted to PFC and was subsequently approved on 12 August 2011. The PFC endorsement
memo is provided in Appendix 12.7. The
project proponent will ensure all the mitigation measures mentioned in the
C&DMMP and conditions stated in the endorsement memo will be complied with.
12.30
The other possibilities of reusing the inert C&D
materials in other
concurrent projects or outlets include following projects:
Ÿ The Hong
Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge (HZMB) (consists of two
parts: Hong Kong Link Road (HKLR) and Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities
(HKBCF);
Ÿ The Tuen Mun-Chek Lap Kok Link (TMCLKL);
Ÿ Central Wanchai Bypass (CWB) and Wanchai Development Phase II (WDII); and
Ÿ If all
reuse outlets of C&D materials are exhausted during the construction phase,
the C&D Materials would be disposed of at
The abovementioned projects are not exhaustive and
continuous liaison with other projects on the reuse of the materials generated
from this Project would be conducted.
12.31
For non-inert C&D
materials, agreement has been obtained from EPD that
the North East New Territories Landfill (NENT) is the designated disposal
location. The
confirmation from EPD was attached in Appendix 12.2.
Sediment Sampling and Testing
Plan
12.32
The classification of the excavated sediments
and the determination of the corresponding disposal options were based on the
findings of the site investigation works conducted under this EIA Study. A Sediment Sampling and Testing Plan (SSTP)
was prepared, making reference to ETWB TC(W) No. 34/2002 and under Clause
12.33
While included in the agreed SSTP, the
dredging works at temporary reclamation area offshore to the existing Police
Officers’ Club (POC) and the temporary mooring area at the southeast corner of
CBTS would be undertaken by Highways Department together with the main
Central-Wan Chai Bypass (CWB) works. These works are covered under separate EIA
Study (ESB-213/2010). Thus, sediment-related assessment for works
areas already covered under such EIA (highlighted blue in NEX2213/C/331/ENS/M58/022-023) is excluded from this EIA Study.
12.34
In view of prolonged application procedure
for the excavation permits for sediment sampling and the tight programme of the
Project, the site investigation (SI) works was commenced in February 2009 and
completed in September 2009. The marine-based sampling works were conducted by Fugro Geotechnical Services Ltd. while land-based sampling
works were conducted by Gammon Construction Limited. The laboratory testing was
carried out by ALS Technichem (HK) Pty. Ltd., an
HOKLAS accreditated laboratory.
12.35
Under this EIA Study, sampling was conducted
in a total of 50 locations. 11 land-based sampling locations were sunk using
rotary drilling method within the reclaimed area where there are potential
sediment excavations during the construction works. A total of 39 marine-based
sampling locations were sunk in the dredging area in
12.36
The land area would include the proposed
alignment within the new Hung Hom Station (HUH) near
the NOV and along the alignment from the existing POC to the north of
12.37
The marine area consists of the proposed
alignment crossing the
12.38
Sediment sampling at each sampling location
was initiated at depths where marine deposits were firstly encountered and
samples were generally taken at 0 –
12.39
It should be noted that minor changes have
been made after EPD agreement on the SSTP to the following sampling ID. The
changes are shown in Table
12.3 below and are
adopted in the remaining part of this section.
Table 12.3 Changes
of Sampling ID
|
Sampling ID Proposed in SSTP |
As-built Sampling ID |
|
2211/SCL/VC001 |
2211/SCL/VC001(1) |
|
2211/SCL/VC002 |
2211/SCL/VC002(1) |
|
2211/SCL/VC003 |
2211/SCL/VC003(1) |
|
2211/SCL/VC004 |
2211/SCL/VC004(1) |
|
2211/SCL/VC005 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC005 |
|
2211/SCL/VC006 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC006 |
|
2211/SCL/VC007 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC007 |
|
2211/SCL/VC008 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC008 |
|
2211/SCL/VC009 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC009 |
|
2211/SCL/VC010 |
2211/SCL/VC010(1) |
|
2211/SCL/VC011 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC011 |
|
2211/SCL/VC012 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC012 |
|
2211/SCL/VC013 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC013(1) |
|
2211/SCL/VC014 |
2211/SCL/VC014(1) |
|
2211/SCL/VC015 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC015 |
|
2211/SCL/VC016 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC016(1) |
|
2211/SCL/VC017 |
2211/SCL/EDH-VC017 |
|
2211/SCL/EDH027 |
2211/SCL/EDH027(A) |
|
2209/SCL/EDH140(P) |
2209/SCL/EDH140 |
12.40
Apart from some
fine on-site adjustments, the following
sampling locations were slightly shifted from the original position as proposed
in the agreed SSTP:
Ÿ 2211/SCL/EDH010 – As required by the Marine Department due
to the presence of a buoy;
Ÿ 2211/SCL/EDH016 – As required by the Marine Department as
the location is situated in the middle of the fairway;
and
Ÿ 2209/SCL/EDH140
– Site access denied by the Management of Police Officers Club.
12.41
In addition, sampling at location
2209/SCL/EDH007 was considered not feasible in the area near
12.42
In addition, a grab sample was also collected
from EPD’s routine marine sediment monitoring station PS6 at Port Shelter on 5
May 2009 as the reference sediment sample.
Chemical
and Biological Screening
12.43
Chemical and biological screening of sediment
samples were carried out in accordance to the SSTP. Each sample was tested for
chemical screening with parameters as stated in ETWB TC(W)
No. 34/2002.
12.44
A total of 338
samples had been collected from the marine-based and land-based sampling
locations and tested. The chemical screening results are attached in Appendix 12.4 and summarised in Table 12.4, which
separately presents number of marine-based and land-based samples. Based on the
chemical screening results above, Tier III biological screening was conducted
for the Category M and Category H (with >10x UCEL) sediment samples. The
results of the biological screening are attached in Appendix 12.5 and summarized in Table 12.5. No sediment samples were
encountered in the following sampling locations:
Ÿ 2209/SCL/EDH123P;
Ÿ 2209/SCL/EDH139; and
Ÿ 2209/SCL/EDH159.
12.45
For the
12.46
For the proposed dredging area within
12.47 For
dredging area within CBTS (Section A2 as shown in Figure No. NEX2213/C/331/ENS/M58/022-23), based
on the site investigation results, Category H sediments were identified in all sampling
locations, with contaminants Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Ag and
TBT exceeded the UCEL. On the other hand, Category M sediments were found at
all sampling locations, with contaminants Cu, Pb and
Zn exceeded the LCEL but equal to or below the UCEL. Of the Category M
sediments, all had failed the biological screening and was considered as Type 2
sediment.
12.48 For area near the proposed SOV (Section
B as shown in Figure No. NEX2213/C/331/ENS/M58/023-024), the top
of underlying marine deposit layers encountered during the site investigation
vary from depths of about 9.6 to 15.5 m below ground level (m bgl).
Based on the site investigation results, all samples were classified under Category L with no contaminants
exceeding the LCEL. No Cd, Ag, PCB, LMW PAHs and HMW
PAH were detected in any of the sediment samples.
12.49 For area along the alignment on the
12.50
As per the agreed SSTP,
due to the TBM construction method or absence of underlying marine sediments,
sediments are not expected to be encountered and excavated in Section D
(Section D is shown in Figure No. NEX2213/C/331/ENS/M58/025-026).
12.51
It should be noted that there were
insufficient amount of interstitial water available from most of the sediment
samples for TBT analysis. The samples that contained sufficient interstitial
water for TBT testing were 2211/SCL/VC002(1)
(0-0.9m), 2211/SCL/EDH-VC005 (0
Table 12.4 Summary
of Chemical Screening Results
|
Category
|
Percentage |
No.
of Samples |
|
Land-based Sediment |
||
|
Category L (below LCEL) |
80.0% |
20 |
|
Category M (above LCEL but below UCEL) |
12.0% |
3 |
|
Category H (above UCEL) |
8.0% |
2 |
|
Category H (above 10x LCEL) |
0.0% |
0 |
|
Sub-total (Land-based Only): |
100% |
25 |
|
|
||
|
Marine-based Sediment |
|
|
|
Category L (below LCEL) |
51.3% |
156 |
|
Category M (above LCEL but below UCEL) |
11.8% |
36 |
|
Category H (above UCEL) |
39.1% |
119 |
|
Category H (above 10x LCEL) |
1.0% |
2 |
|
Sub-total (Marine-based Only): |
100% |
313 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total (Land-based and
Marine-based): |
338 |
|
Table
12.5 Summary of Biological
Screening Results
|
Sampling ID |
Sampling Depth (m) |
Classification |
Result of Biological Screening |
|
Marine-based Sediment |
|||
|
2211/SCL/VC002(1) |
6-6.9 |
Category M |
Pass |
|
2211/SCL/VC010(1) |
1.9-2.9 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/VC014(1) |
0.9-1.9 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH004 |
3-4 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH005 |
0-1 |
Category H |
Fail |
|
|
1-2 |
Category H |
Fail |
|
|
2-3 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH006 |
6.00-6.95 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH007 |
1-1.95 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH008 |
12-12.95 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH009 |
Grab Sample |
Category M |
Pass |
|
|
1.3-2.3 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH012 |
2-3 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH013 |
27-27.5 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH016 |
9.0-9.95 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
|
18-18.95 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH017 |
8.5-8.95 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH019 |
1-2 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
|
12-13 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH021 |
0.5-1.0 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
|
12-12.9 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH022 |
9.08-10.03 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH026 |
Grab Sample |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH027A |
1-1.9 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
|
1.9-2.85 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
|
21.5-21.95 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH-VC006 |
18-18.9 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH-VC008 |
0-0.8 |
Category M |
Pass |
|
2211/SCL/EDH-VC009 |
1-1.9 |
Category M |
Pass |
|
|
6-6.9 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH-VC010(1) |
6-6.95 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
|
9-9.95 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH-VC012 |
0-0.9 |
Category M |
Pass |
|
|
15-15.9 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2211/SCL/EDH-VC013(1) |
0-0.9 |
Category M |
Pass |
|
2211/SCL/EDH-VC017 |
12-12.9 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
|
15-15.9 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
Land-based Sediment |
|||
|
2209/SCL/EDH008(P) |
12.50-13.40 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2209/SCL/EDH155 |
17.00-17.90 |
Category M |
Fail |
|
2209/SCL/EDH182 |
19.00-19.90 |
Category M |
Fail |
Sediment Disposal
Options and Quantities
12.52
Based on the chemical and biological screening
results, the disposal options for each of the sediment samples were determined
in accordance with the ETWB TC(W) No. 34/2002 and
summarized in Appendix 12.4.
12.53
The
quantities of sediments under each disposal type is then estimated with
consideration of (i) the excavation extent and
profiles for the railway / stations construction, (ii) depths and thickness of
underlying marine deposits and (iii) disposal options at each sampling
locations and corresponding depths as based on the chemical and biological
screening results under this EIA Study.
The estimated quantities for each disposal type are presented in Table 12.6. The total
volume of sediment generated is estimated to be approximately 841,800 m3.
To ensure disposal space is allocated for the Project, a request for
reservation of disposal space is being sought from Marine Fill
Committee (MFC)
and the response letter from MFC is attached as Appendix 12.6. Dredging/
excavation works of the Project should not proceed until the confirmation and
approval on the allocation of disposal site by MFC is obtained and other
relevant issues on management of dredged/ excavated sediments have been
resolved. The Project Proponent should be responsible for obtaining
confirmation and approval from MFC on the allocation of the disposal site
before commencement of the Project works.
Table 12.6 Disposal Quantity for Marine Sediment
|
Disposal Options |
Corresponding Category |
Disposal Quantity (m3) |
|
Type 1 – |
Category L Sediment |
315,000 |
|
Type 1 – |
Category M Sediment (passed the biological
screening) |
14,000 |
|
Type 2 – Confined Marine Disposal at disposal site(s) allocated by MFC |
Category M Sediment (failed the biological
screening) and Category H Sediment (does not require biological
screening) |
496,300 |
|
Type 3 – Special
Treatment/ Disposal |
Category H Sediment (failed biological
screening) |
16,500 |
|
Total: |
841,800 |
|
Note: The quantities
shown in the table are estimates only and will be subject to further review during
the detailed design and construction stage.
Excavation, Transportation and
Disposal
12.54
To minimise any potential adverse impacts
arising from the excavated marine sediment, the sediment should be excavated,
transported and disposed of in a manner that would minimise adverse impacts to
air quality, noise and water quality. Mitigation measures to minimise potential
environmental impacts are recommended in Section
12.87 to 12.96.
12.55
Based on the findings of the air quality,
noise and water quality impact assessments (refer to Sections 8, 9 and 11 of
the Report), adverse air quality, noise and water
impacts associated with sediment excavation and dredging activities are not
anticipated. No adverse environmental impacts are anticipated if the mitigation
measures as proposed are properly implemented.
12.56
Based on the above and with the
implementation of the recommended mitigation measures, no unacceptable impacts
would be expected from the excavation, transportation and disposal of the
excavated sediment.
12.57
The maintenance and servicing of construction
plant, equipment and vehicles involve the use of a variety of chemicals and
generate chemical wastes. The possible
chemical waste that would be generated during the course of construction works
includes:
Ÿ Oil and
grease associated with plant maintenance;
Ÿ Hydraulic
fluid from plant machinery;
Ÿ Scrap
batteries from vehicle maintenance; and
Ÿ Used
paint, cleaners, solvents used in maintaining mechanical equipments.
12.58
It is difficult to quantify the amount of chemical
waste that would arise from the construction activities since it would depend
on the Contractor’s on-site maintenance requirements and the amount of plant
utilized. However, it is anticipated
that the quantity of chemical waste, such as lubrication oil and solvent
produced from plant maintenance, would be small and in the order of a few cubic
metres per month. The amount of chemical
waste to be generated would be quantified in the WMP to be prepared by the Contractors.
12.59
As stipulated in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulations, chemical
wastes arisen during the construction phase may pose environmental, health and
safety hazards if not stored and disposed of appropriately. These hazards may include:
Ÿ Toxic
effects to workers;
Ÿ Adverse
impacts on water quality from spills; and
Ÿ Fire
hazard.
12.60
Chemical waste will be collected by licensed
collectors and disposed of at the Chemical Waste Treatment Centre (CWTC) at Tsing Yi. Wherever possible opportunities should be taken
to reuse and recycle materials.
Mitigation and control requirements for chemical wastes are detailed in Sections 12.97 to 12.100.
12.61
The handling, storage and disposal of
chemical waste would follow the Code of
Practice on Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes published
by EPD and the anticipated adverse environmental impacts would be negligible.
12.62
During the construction period, the workforce
would generate refuse comprising food scraps, waste paper, empty containers,
etc. Accidental or intentional release
of these refuse to the surrounding environment is not permitted and may cause
negative environmental impacts. Storage
of general refuse on-site will generate adverse environmental impacts like
water contamination, odour nuisance and visual impact if they are not managed
in a proper manner. The site may also
attract vermin and pests if the waste containers are not cleaned or maintained
properly and frequently.
12.63
The number of construction workers to be
employed on the Project is estimated to be about 2,850
workers. Based on a generation rate of
12.64
The refuse should be stored in enclosed bin
to avoid adverse impacts to the surroundings. Recycling bins should be provided
to maximize reuse and recycle volume. A
reputable licensed collector should be employed to collect the general refuse
for later disposal of at landfills.
12.65
With proper implementation of waste
management practices, it is anticipated that the secondary environmental
impacts from collection and handling of general refuse would be minimal.
Evaluation
of Environmental Impacts for Operation Phase
Ÿ Chemical
waste;
Ÿ General
refuse; and
Ÿ Industrial
waste.
12.67
Chemical wastes such as paints, lubricants
and used batteries may be generated during maintenance activities in stations,
ventilation buildings and railways. This
waste may pose environmental, health and safety hazards. Measures as stipulated in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (general)
Regulation and the Code of Practice
on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes would be
strictly followed for the handling and disposal of chemical waste.
12.68
Should any chemical waste be generated, the
operator must register with EPD as a chemical waste producer. The chemical waste would be readily accepted
for disposal of at the CWTC at Tsing Yi.
This chemical waste should be collected periodically in drum-type
containers by licensed chemical waste collectors. With proper storage, handling and disposal of
this waste, no adverse environmental impact is anticipated.
12.69
During the operation phase, general refuse
would be generated by staff and passengers and any commercial operators. This waste includes food waste, paper, wood,
plastic, office waste etc. Plastics,
papers and other recyclable wastes should be separated from general refuse and
recycled as far as possible. The
remaining refuse would be collected by licensed collectors and disposed of at
landfills.
12.70
Maintenance activities, which would be
conducted in station and ventilation buildings, would generate industrial waste
including scrap materials from rail and carriage maintenance, used fluorescent
tubes, used welding rods, cleansing materials and discarded electronic
equipment. Steel would be sorted out as
far as possible before collection by licensed collectors.
12.71
Table 12.7 provides
a summary on the recommended disposal methods of different wastes generated
from the operation phase of the Project.
Table 12.7 Summary
of Waste Disposal for Operation Phase
|
Type
of Waste |
Proposed
Disposal Methods |
|
Chemical
Waste |
Recycled
by licensed facility or disposal of at CWTC |
|
General
Refuse |
Reuse,
recycle as much as possible before disposal of at
landfills |
|
Industrial Waste |
Sorted and recycled before collection by licensed
collectors |
12.72
The anticipated potential environmental
impacts arisen from the handling, storage and disposal of waste in operation
phase would be insignificant provided that the mitigation measures stated in Sections 12.105 to 12.110 are strictly followed.
Mitigation
Measures for Construction Phase
Ÿ Avoidance
and reduction of waste generation;
Ÿ Reuse of
materials as far as practicable;
Ÿ Recovery and
recycling of residual materials where possible; and
Ÿ Treatment
and disposal according to relevant laws, guidelines and good practices.
12.74
Based on the waste management hierarchy,
waste reduction measures are recommended as follow to reduce impacts and costs
arisen from the Project. Recommendations
of good site practices and waste reduction measures would be stated in order to
achieve avoidance and minimization of waste generation in the hierarchy. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and
trip-ticket system are recommended for monitoring management of waste. Specific measures targeting the mitigation of
impacts in works areas and the transportation of spoil off-site would be
provided to minimize the potential impacts to the surrounding environment
together with recommendations on sediments management.
Good Site Practices and Waste Reduction Measures
12.75
Adverse impacts related to waste management
are not expected to arise, provided that good site practices are strictly
followed. Recommendations for good site
practices during the construction phase include:
Ÿ Prepare a
WMP approved by the Engineer/Supervising Officer of the Project based on
current practices on construction sites;
Ÿ Training
of site personnel in, site cleanliness, proper waste management and chemical
handling procedures;
Ÿ Provision
of sufficient waste disposal points and regular collection of waste;
Ÿ Appropriate
measures to minimize windblown litter and dust during transportation of waste
by either covering trucks or by transporting wastes in enclosed containers;
Ÿ Regular
cleaning and maintenance programme for drainage systems, sumps and oil
interceptors; and
Ÿ Separation
of chemical wastes for special handling and appropriate treatment.
12.76
Good management and control can prevent the
generation of a significant amount of waste.
Waste reduction is best achieved at the planning and design stage, as
well as by ensuring the implementation of good site practices. Recommendations to achieve waste reduction
include:
Ÿ Sorting of
demolition debris and excavated materials from demolition works to recover
reusable/ recyclable portions (i.e. soil, broken concrete, metal etc.);
Ÿ Segregation
and storage of different types of waste in different containers, skips or
stockpiles to enhance reuse or recycling of materials and their proper
disposal;
Ÿ Encourage
collection of aluminium cans by providing separate labelled bins to enable this
waste to be segregated from other general refuse generated by the workforce;
Ÿ Proper
storage and site practices to minimize the potential for damage or
contamination of construction materials;
Ÿ Plan and
stock construction materials carefully to minimize amount of waste generated
and avoid unnecessary generation of waste; and
Ÿ Training
shall be provided to workers about the concepts of site cleanliness and
appropriate waste management procedures, including waste reduction, reuse and
recycle.
12.77
The Contractor shall prepare and implement a
WMP as part of the EMP in accordance with ETWB TCW No. 19/2005 which describes
the arrangements for avoidance, reuse, recovery, recycling, storage,
collection, treatment and disposal of different categories of waste to be
generated from the construction activities.
Such a management plan shall incorporate site specific factors, such as
the designation of areas for segregation and temporary storage of reusable and
recyclable materials. The EMP shall be
submitted to the Engineer for approval.
The Contractor shall implement the waste management practices in the EMP
throughout the construction stage of the Project. The EMP shall be reviewed regularly and
updated by the Contractor, preferably in a monthly basis.
12.78
In addition to the above good site practices
and waste reduction measures, C&D materials would be reused in other local
concurrent projects as far as possible. If all reuse outlets are exhausted
during the construction phase, the C&D materials would be disposed of at
Storage, Collection and Transportation of Waste
12.79
Storage of materials on site may induce
adverse environmental impacts if not properly managed. Storage or stockpiling of
C&D waste is not anticipated as the C&D materials generated would be
removed from site immediately; however, should any temporary storage or
stockpiling of waste is required, recommendations to minimize the impacts
include:
Ÿ Waste,
such as soil, shall be handled and stored well to ensure secure containment,
thus minimizing the potential of pollution;
Ÿ Maintain
and clean storage areas routinely;
Ÿ Stockpiling
area shall be provided with covers and water spraying system to prevent
materials from wind-blown or being washed away; and
Ÿ Different
locations shall be designated to stockpile each material to enhance reuse.
12.80
Waste haulier with appropriate permits shall
be employed by the Contractor for the collection and transportation of waste
from works areas to respective disposal outlets. The following suggestions shall be enforced
to minimise the potential adverse impacts:
Ÿ Remove
waste in timely manner;
Ÿ Waste
collectors shall only collect wastes prescribed by their permits;
Ÿ Impacts
during transportation, such as dust and odour, shall be mitigated by the use of
covered trucks or in enclosed containers;
Ÿ Obtain
relevant waste disposal permits from the appropriate authorities, in accordance
with the Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354), Waste Disposal (Charges for
Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 345) and the Land
(Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28);
Ÿ Waste
shall be disposed of at licensed waste disposal facilities; and
Ÿ Maintain
records of quantities of waste generated, recycled and disposed.
12.81
Implementation of trip ticket system with
reference to DevB TC(W)
No.6/2010, Trip Ticket System for Disposal of Construction & Demolition
Materials, to monitor disposal of waste and to control fly-tipping at PFRFs or
landfills. A recording system for the
amount of waste generated, recycled and disposed (including disposal sites)
shall be proposed.
12.82
In addition to the above measures, other
specific mitigation measures on handling the C&D materials, sediments and
materials generated from site formation and demolition work are recommended as
follow.
12.83
Concerning the necessity of maximising reuse
for the Project, it is paramount for sorting to be performed to recover the
inert materials, reusable and recyclable materials before disposal
off-site. All surplus C&D materials
arising from or in connection with the works shall become the property of the
Contractor when it is removed unless otherwise stated. The Contractor will be responsible for
devising a system to work for sorting of C&D materials and promptly
removing all sorted and process materials arising from the construction
activities. The system shall be included
in the EMP, identifying the source of generation, estimated quantity,
arrangement for sorting, collection, temporary storage areas (if any) and frequency of collection by recycling Contractors or
frequency of removal off-site.
12.84
It is recommended that specific areas shall
be provided by the Contractors for sorting and to provide temporary storage
areas (if required) for the sorted
materials. The materials could be
segregated according to the categories as shown below:
Ÿ Excavated
materials suitable for reuse at other
concurrent projects or rock crushing facilities;
Ÿ Excavated
materials for delivery to PFRFs;
Ÿ Sediments
for delivery to sea disposal; and
Ÿ Non-inert
C&D materials for delivery to landfills.
12.85
The C&D materials shall at least be
segregated into inert and non-inert materials, in which the inert portion could
be reused and recycled as far as practicable before delivery to PFRFs as
mentioned for beneficial use in other projects.
While opportunities for reusing the non-inert portion shall be
investigated before disposal of at designated landfills.
12.86
Possibility of reusing the spoil in the
Project will be continuously investigated in the detailed design and
construction stages, it includes backfilling to cut and cover construction
works for the EXH Station and tunnels.
12.87
From the above, the estimated total volume of
sediments generated is approximately 841,800 m3. In terms of disposal options, the estimated
volume of sediments suitable for Type 1 open sea disposal is approximately
315,000m3. Type 1 open sea disposal (dedicated sites) is about
14,000m3 and the estimated volume of sediments requiring Type 2
confined marine disposal is approximately 496,300m3. The volume of
sediments requiring Type 3 special treatment/disposal is estimated to be
approximate 16,500m3.
12.88
The basic requirements and procedures for
excavated / dredged sediment disposal specified under ETWB
TC(W) No. 34/2002 shall be followed. MFC is managing the disposal facilities in
12.89
The contractor for the excavation / dredging works shall apply for the site allocations of marine
sediment disposal based on the prior agreement with MFC/CEDD. A request for reservation of sediment disposal space have been
submitted to MFC for onward discussions of disposal approach and feasible
disposal sites
and the letter is attached in Appendix 12.6.
The Project proponent should also be
responsible for the application of all necessary permits from relevant
authorities, including the dumping permit as required under DASO from EPD,
for the disposal of dredged and excavated sediment prior to the commencement of
the excavation works.
12.90
Requirements of the Air Pollution Ordinance (Construction Dust) Regulation, where
relevant, shall be adhered to during excavation / dredging, transportation and disposal of sediments.
12.91
Stockpiling of contaminated sediments shall
be avoided as far as possible. If temporary stockpiling of contaminated
sediments is necessary, the excavated sediment shall be covered by tarpaulin
and the area shall be placed within earth bunds or sand bags to prevent leachate from entering the ground, nearby drains and/or surrounding
water bodies. The stockpiling areas
shall be completely paved or covered by linings in order to avoid contamination
to underlying soil or groundwater.
Separate and clearly defined areas shall be provided for stockpiling of
contaminated and uncontaminated materials.
Leachate, if any, shall be collected and
discharged according to the Water Pollution Control Ordinance (WPCO).
12.92
In order to minimise the potential odour /
dust emissions during excavation and transportation of the sediment, the excavated
sediments shall be wetted during excavation / material handling and shall be
properly covered when placed on trucks or barges. Loading of the excavated sediment to the
barge shall be controlled to avoid splashing and overflowing of the sediment
slurry to the surrounding water.
12.93
The barge transporting the sediments to the
designated disposal sites shall be equipped with tight fitting seals to prevent
leakage and shall not be filled to a level that would cause overflow of
materials or laden water during loading or transportation. In addition, monitoring of the barge loading
shall be conducted to ensure that loss of material does not take place during
transportation. Transport barges or vessels shall be equipped with automatic
self-monitoring devices as specified by the DEP.
12.94
In order to minimise the exposure to
contaminated materials, workers shall, when necessary, wear appropriate
personal protective equipments (PPE) when handling contaminated sediments. Adequate washing and cleaning facilities
shall also be provided on site.
12.95
A possible arrangement for Type 3 disposal is
by geosynthetic containment. A geosynthetic
containment method is a method whereby the sediments are sealed in geosynthetic containers and, at the disposal site, the
containers would be dropped into the designated contaminated mud pit where they
would be covered by further mud disposal and later by the mud pit capping,
thereby meeting the requirements for fully confined mud disposal. The
technology is readily available for the manufacture of the geosynthetic
containers to the project-specific requirements. Similar disposal methods have
been used for projects in Europe, the
12.96
Moreover, the geosynthetic containment has also been proposed for Type
3 disposal in the EIA Study under Wan
Chai Development Phase II and Central-Wan Chai Bypass. Field trials had
been undertaken under WDII - Design and Construction to demonstrate the
feasibility on the use of the geosynthetic
containment. A report on the field trials[3] concluded that disposal by sealing the
sediments in geosynthetic containers and dropping
these containers into the contaminated mud pits at East Sha
Chau has been shown to be a successful and viable disposal method. The use of
a geosynthetic container system for special disposal
was considered to be an effective system with negligible loss of contaminants
to the marine environment during disposal. Given that the sediments requiring
Type 3 disposal under this Project is marine-based, the geosynthetic
container system recommended in the field trials is considered to be appropriate
for this Project.
Ÿ Be
compatible with the chemical wastes being stored, maintained in good condition
and securely sealed;
Ÿ Have a
capacity of less than 450 litres unless the specifications have been approved
by EPD; and
Ÿ Display a
label in English and Chinese in accordance with instructions prescribed in
Schedule 2 of the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)(General)
Regulation.
12.98
The Chemical Waste storage area shall:
Ÿ Be clearly
labelled to indicate corresponding chemical characteristics of the chemical
waste and used for storage of chemical waste only;
Ÿ Be
enclosed on at least 3 sides;
Ÿ Have an
impermeable floor and bunding, of capacity to
accommodate 110% of the volume of the largest container or 20% by volume of the
chemical waste stored in that area, whichever is the greatest;
Ÿ Have
adequate ventilation;
Ÿ Be covered
to prevent rainfall from entering; and
Ÿ Be
properly arranged so that incompatible materials are adequately separated.
12.99
Lubricants, waste oils and other chemical
wastes would be generated during the maintenance of vehicles and mechanical
equipments. Used lubricants shall be
collected and stored in individual containers which are fully labelled in
English and Chinese and stored in a designated secure place. These chemical wastes shall be sent to oil
recycling companies, if possible, and the empty oil drums shall be collected by
appropriate companies for reuse or refill.
They shall not be allowed to discharge into water courses, either by
direct discharge, or as contaminants carried in surface water runoff from the
construction site.
12.100
A trip-ticket system shall be operated in
accordance with the Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation to monitor all movements of chemical
waste. The Contractor shall employ a
licensed collector to transport and dispose of the chemical wastes, to either
the approved CWTC at Tsing Yi, or another licensed facility, in
accordance with the Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation.
12.101
General refuse shall be stored in enclosed
bins or compaction units separate from C&D materials and chemical
waste. A reputable waste collector shall
be employed by the contractor to remove general refuse from the site,
separately from C&D materials and chemical wastes. Preferably, an enclosed and covered area
shall be provided to reduce the occurrence of wind blown light material.
12.102
The recyclable component of general refuse,
such as aluminium cans, paper and cleansed plastic containers shall be separated
from other waste. Provision and
collection of recycling bins for different types of recyclable waste shall be
set up by the Contractor. The Contractor
shall also be responsible for arranging recycling companies to collect these
materials.
12.103
The Contractor shall carry out an education
programme for workers in avoiding, reducing, reusing and recycling of materials
generation. Posters and leaflets
advising on the use of the bins shall also be provided in the sites as
reminders.
12.104
Table 12.8 provides a summary of the various waste
types likely to be generated during the construction activities for the
Project, together with the recommended handling and disposal methods.
Table 12.8 Summary of Waste Generation and
Recommended Disposal Methods for Construction and Demolition Works
|
Waste Materials Type |
Generation from work items |
Materials Generated |
Disposal
Quantity |
Handling
methods/Reuse |
Destinations |
|
C&D Materials |
Excavation, Demolition Works, Site Formation and Construction of Tunnels and
Station |
Inert
C&D materials –Rock, Soft Materials and AHM |
1,097,000m3 |
Ÿ Segregation
from non-inert C&D materials during stockpiling and transportation Ÿ Stockpile
area (if required) shall be well managed
with covers and water spraying system Ÿ Delivered to other concurrent projects or to PFRFs for beneficial
use in other projects |
Ÿ Other concurrent projects (eg.
HZMB, TMCLKL) Ÿ PFRFs |
|
Non-inert
C&D materials – Timber, Papers & Plastics |
30,000 m3 |
Ÿ Segregation
from inert C&D materials during stockpiling and transportation Ÿ Reusable
materials shall be separated and recycled
as far as practicable |
Ÿ NENT Landfills |
||
|
Sediment |
Dredging
in as
well as excavation
to depths at or below underlying marine sediments within reclaimed land,
including the construction of railway alignment, ventilation building, EXH |
Category L
Sediment |
315,000 m3 |
Ÿ Type 1 –
Open Sea Disposal - gazetted marine disposal
ground allocated by MFC Ÿ Mitigation
measures as per Sections 12.87 to 12.96. |
Final disposal site shall
be determined by MFC; typically South Cheung Chau / East of Ninepin. |
|
Category M
Sediment (passed the biological screening) |
14,000 m3 |
Ÿ Type 1 – Ÿ Mitigation
measures as per Sections 12.87 to 12.96 |
Final disposal site shall
be determined by MFC; typically East Sha Chau. |
||
|
Category
M Sediment (failed
the biological screening) and Category
H Sediment (does not require the biological screening) |
496,300 m3 |
Ÿ Type 2 – Confined Marine
Disposal at disposal site(s) allocated by MFC Ÿ Mitigation
measures as per Sections 12.87 to 12.96. |
Final disposal site shall
be determined by MFC; typically East Sha Chau |
||
|
Category
H Sediment (failed the biological screening) |
16,500 m3 |
Ÿ Type 3 –
Special Treatment / Disposal – Disposal at existing marine disposal
facilities allocated by MFC with geosynthetic
containment. Ÿ Mitigation
measures as per Sections 12.87 to 12.96. |
Final
disposal site shall be determined by MFC |
||
|
Chemical
Waste |
Maintenance
and Operation of Equipments and Machineries |
Oils
and grease hydraulic fluids, paints, solvents, cleaners etc. |
Few cubic metres per month |
Ÿ Store in compatible
containers in designated area on site Ÿ To be
collected and recycled by licensed collectors |
Chemical
Waste Treatment Centre at Tsing Yi |
|
General
Refuse |
Resident
Workers |
Food
waste, plastic, aluminium cans, waste papers etc. |
1,850 kg/day |
Ÿ Provide
on-site collection points together with recycling bins Ÿ Collected
by licensed collectors |
Landfills |
Note: The quantities shown in the table are
estimates only and will be subject to further review during the detailed design
and construction stage.
Mitigation Measures for Operation Phase
12.106 The requirements given in the Code
of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes
would be followed in handling of chemical waste as in construction phase. A trip-ticket system would be adopted by the
operator to monitor disposal of chemical waste.
12.107 Non-recyclable chemical waste shall be disposed of at appropriate
facility like CWTC by licensed collectors.
Recyclable chemical waste shall be collected and transported off-site by
licensed collectors.
12.108 Recycling of waste paper, aluminium cans and plastic bottles shall be
encouraged, it is recommended to place clearly labelled recycling bins at
designated locations which could be accessed conveniently. Other general refuse shall be separated from
chemical and industrial waste by providing separated bins for storage to
maximize the recyclable volume.
12.109 A reputable licensed waste collector shall be employed to remove general
refuse on a daily basis to minimize odour, pest and litter impacts.
Impacts
Caused by Handling, Collection and Disposal of Waste
12.111 The assessment has covered the following area: potential hazard, air and
odour emission, noise and wastewater discharge. With the implementation of
mitigation measures recommended in the Sections
12.72 to 12.110, impacts from the above mentioned issue is
expected to be minimal. The issue would be addressed in other relevant sections
of this EIA report.
Evaluation
of Residual Impacts
12.112 With the implementation of the recommended mitigation measures for the
handling, transportation and disposal of the identified waste arisings, no adverse residual impact is expected during
both construction and operation phases.
Environmental
Monitoring and Audit Requirements
12.113 During the construction period, it is the Contractor’s responsibility to
ensure that all the waste produced during the construction of the Project are
handled, stored and disposed of in accordance with good waste management
practices, relevant legislation and waste management guidelines.
12.114 Waste materials generated during construction activities, such as
C&D materials, are recommended to be audited at regular intervals to ensure
that proper storage, transportation and disposal practices are
implemented. This measure ensures the
proper disposal of waste. The Contractor
would be responsible for the implementation of any mitigation measures to
minimize waste or mitigate problems arisen from waste materials.
12.115 A WMP, as part of EMP should be prepared in accordance with ETWB TC(W) No.19/2005 and submitted to the Engineer for
approval. The recommended mitigation measures
should form the basis of the Waste Management Plan. The monitoring and auditing requirement
stated in ETWB TC(W) No.19/2005 should be followed
with regard to the management of C&D materials.
12.116 It is expected that large quantities of waste would not be generated
from the operation of the Project and adverse environmental impacts would not
be anticipated with the implementation of good waste management practices.
Waste monitoring and audit programme for the operation phase of the Project will
not be required.
12.117 C&D materials (from excavation of shafts and tunnels, demolitions of
existing structures), sediment, general refuse (from workforce) and chemical
waste (from maintenance of construction plant and equipment) would be generated
during the construction phase. Provided
that these wastes are handled, transported and disposed of using approved
methods and that the recommended good site practices are strictly followed,
adverse environmental impacts would not be expected.
12.118 The total volume of inert C&D material generated from
demolition, excavation of shafts and tunnels and site formation works would be
approximately 1,097,000m3 (including 225,000m3 of rock,
762,000m3 of soft material and 110,000m3 of
artificial hard material (AHM))). Surplus inert C&D materials generated
from the Project may delivered to two Public Fill
Reception Facilities (PFRFs) which are Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank and Tseung
Kwan O Area 137 Fill Bank. Opportunities in minimization of generation and
maximisation of reuse would be continually investigated during the detailed
design and construction phases, and in other concurrent projects including the
Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge (HZMB) and Hong Kong Boundary
Crossing Facilities (HKBCF), the Tuen Mun-Chek Lap Kok Link (TMCLKL),
CWB and WDII projects. About 30,000m3
of non-inert C&D materials would be generated, which would be reused and
recycled as much as possible before disposal of at the North East New
Territories Landfill (NENT). Provided that these wastes are handled,
transported and disposed of using approved methods and that the recommended
good site practices are strictly followed, adverse environmental impacts would
not be anticipated.
12.119 The main waste types generated during the operation of the Project would
be general refuse (from the passengers, staff and any commercial operators at
station, ventilation buildings and shafts), industrial waste (from the
maintenance activities) and chemical waste (from operational activities). The handling, collection, transportation and
disposal practices of the identified waste generated should follow the current
practices at other operating railway lines.
Adverse impacts would not be anticipated if the mitigation measures are
strictly followed.
12.120 The total volume of dredged/ excavated sediment generated from the
Project is estimated to be approximately 841,800m3. Based on the results of the chemical and biological
screening, approximately 315,000m3 of sediment is suitable for Type 1 –
Open Sea Disposal, 14,000m3
of sediment is suitable for Type 1 – Open Sea Disposal (Dedicated Sites), 496,300m3 of sediment requires Type 2 – Confined Marine Disposal and 16,500m3 of sediment requires Type 3 – Special Treatment/Disposal
in accordance with ETWB TC(W) No. 34/2002.
12.121 It is proposed that the excavated Type 3 sediments are sealed in geosynthetic containers and, at the disposal site, the
containers would be dropped into the designated contaminated mud pit where they
would be covered by further mud disposal and later by the mud pit capping,
thereby meeting the requirements for fully confined mud disposal. A proposal on
the use of geosynthetic containers on Type 3 sediment
should be submitted to TCO/EPD for agreement at a later stage of the Project
and prior to the dredging and excavation works.
12.122 It should be noted that due to site constraints, (e.g. obstruction by
existing structures / facilities and accessibility issues), some potential
sediment encountering areas were not accessible for SI under this EIA Study.
Therefore and as far as possible, the future supplementary sampling and testing works should cover these
areas in order to categorise the excavated sediments.
12.123 With the implementation of the recommended mitigation measures detailed
in Sections 12.87 to 12.96 and in accordance with the requirements of ETWB TC(W) No. 34/2002, no adverse environment impacts would be
expected from excavation, transportation and disposal of marine sediment.
[1] The quantities of waste generated shown in this
EIA are estimates only and will be subject to further review during the
detailed design and construction stage.
[2] (i) Young, H. M. et
al. “The migration of contaminants through geosynthetic fabric containers
utilized in dredging operation”. Engineering Geology, 53 (1999), 167-176;
(ii) Fleischer, P., Bowles,
F.A. “Turbidity currents generated by seafloor impact of geotextile
fabric containers”. Applied Ocean Research, 21 (1999), 215-217; and
(iii) Valent, P. J. et al. “Engineering concepts for the placement of wastes on the abyssal seafloor” Journal of Marine Systems, 14 (1998), 273-288.
[3]
Maunsell Consultants Asia Ltd, Field Trials of
Geosynthetic Containers ACE Report (Wan Chai Development Phase II Design &
Construction – Agreement No. CE 54/2001 (CE)), October, 2003.