Agreement No. CE 42/2008 (CE)
Tseung Kwan O – Lam Tin Tunnel and Associated Works – Investigation
Environmental Impact Assessment Report
Table of Contents
1.1 Project Background
1.2 Designated Projects under EIAO
1.3 Objectives of this EIA Study
1.4 Structure of the EIA Report
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Purpose and Objective of the Project
2.3 Project Components
2.4 Need for the Project
2.5 Scope of the Project
2.6 Consideration of Alternative Options
2.7 Construction Methodologies
2.8 Construction Programme
2.9 Concurrent Projects
2.10 Summary
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria
3.3 Description of Environment
3.4 Air Sensitive Receivers
3.5 Identification of Pollutant Sources
3.6 Assessment Methodology
3.7 Prediction and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts
3.8 Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts
3.9 Evaluation of Residual Impacts
3.10 Environmental Monitoring and Audit Requirements
3.11 Conclusion
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Environmental Legislation, Policies, Plans, Standards and Criteria
4.3 Description of the Environment
4.4 Noise Sensitive Receivers
4.5 Assessment Methodology
4.6 Identification of Environmental Impacts
4.7 Prediction and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts
4.8 Mitigation of Environmental Impacts
4.9 Evaluation of Residual Impacts
4.10 Environmental Monitoring and Audit
4.11 Conclusion
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Environmental Legislation, Standard and Criteria
5.3 Description of the Environment
5.4 Water Sensitive Receivers
5.5 Identification of Environmental Impacts
5.6 Assessment Methodology
5.7 Prediction and Evaluation of Potential Environmental Impacts
5.8 Mitigation of Environmental Impacts
5.9 Evaluation of Residual Impacts
5.10 Environmental Monitoring and Audit
5.11 Conclusion
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria
6.3 Assessment Methodology
6.4 Description of the Environment
6.5 Evaluation of Ecological Value
6.6 Identification, Prediction and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts
6.7 Evaluation of Cumulative Impacts
6.8 Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts
6.9 Evaluation of Residual Impacts
6.10 Environmental Monitoring and Audit Requirements
6.11 Conclusion
6.12 Reference
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria
7.3 Assessment Methodology
7.4 Description of the Environment
7.5 Identification, Prediction and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts
7.7 Evaluation of Residual Impacts
7.8 Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts
7.9 Environmental Monitoring and Audit Requirements
7.10 Conclusion
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Environmental Legislation and Guidelines
8.3 Assessment Methodology
8.4 Identification of Waste Sources
8.5 Predication and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts
8.6 Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts
8.7 Evaluation of Residual Impacts
8.8 Environmental Monitoring and Audit Requirements
8.9 Conclusion
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Environmental Legislation and Standards
9.3 Assessment Methodology
9.4 Background of Study Area
9.5 Impact Assessments
9.6 Mitigation of Adverse Impacts
9.7 Residual Environmental Impact
9.8 Environmental Monitoring and Audit Requirements
9.9 Conclusion
10 LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL IMPACTS
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria
10.3 Assessment Methodology
10.4 Scope and Content of the Study
10.5 Baseline Study
10.6 Landscape Impact Assessment
10.7 Visual Impact Assessment
10.8 Mitigation Measures
10.9 Evaluation of Residual Impacts
10.10 Conclusion
10.11 Overall Conclusion
11 LANDFILL GAS HAZARD ASSESSMENT
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Environmental Legislation, Standards and Guidelines
11.3 Assessment Criteria and Methodology
11.4 Assessment of Potential Risk
11.5 Recommendations
11.6 Environmental Monitoring and Audit
11.7 Conclusion
12.1 Introduction
13. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND AUDIT
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Air Quality Impact
13.3 Noise Impact
13.4 Water Quality Impact
13.5 Ecological Impact
13.6 Fisheries Impact
13.7 Waste Management Implications
13.8 Impact on Cultural Heritage
13.9 Landscape and Visual Impact
13.10 Landfill Gas Hazard Assessment
14. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE AND RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES
15 ENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES AND CONCLUSIONS
15.1 Impact Summary
15.2 Summary of the Measures taken for the Minimization of Environmental Impacts
15.3 Environmental Outcomes
15.4 Overall Conclusion
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Improvements to Journey Time by TKO-LT Tunnel
Table 2.2 Improvements to Queue Length by TKO-LT Tunnel
Table 2.3 Evaluation Criteria and Associated Key Issues and Constraints
Table 2.4 Summary of Public Consultation/Engagement Activities
Table 2.5 Summary of Public’s Views Collected during the Consultation Process
Table 2.6 Summary of Options Evaluation for Landscape Deck at Road P2
Table 2.7 Summary of Options Evaluation at Tseung Kwan O Section
Table 2.8 Summary of Options Evaluation at Lam Tin Hill Section
Table 2.9 Summary of Options Evaluation at Lam Tin Interchange Section
Table 2.10 Summary of Options Evaluation at Cha Kwo Ling Village Section
Table 2.11 Existing and planned concurrent projects
Table 3.1 Hong Kong Air Quality Objectives
Table 3.2 Tunnel Air Quality Guidelines (TAQG)
Table 3.3 Annual Average Concentrations of Pollutants in the Latest Five Years (Year 2007 - 2011) at Kwun Tong Po Air Quality Monitoring Station
Table 3.4 Representative Air Sensitive Receivers During Construction Phase
Table 3.5 Representative Air Sensitive Receivers During Operation Phase
Table 3.6 Rock Crusher and Barging Facilities – Dust Emission Design Control Measures
Table 3.7 Emission Factors for Dusty Construction Activities
Table 3.8 Total Emission of NOx and RSP (in ton/year) for different Road Types among Year 2021, 2029 and 2036
Table 3.9 PATH Model Grid Cells for Extraction of Meteorological Data and Background Pollutant Concentrations
Table 3.10 Design of TKO-LT Tunnel Ventilation Buildings
Table 3.11 Summary of Portals and Ventilation Building Emissions within 500m Study Area (Lam Tin side)
Table 3.12 Summary of Portals and Ventilation Building Emissions within 500m Study Area (Tseung Kwan O side)
Table 3.13 Summary of Total Emissions from Ventilation Building Emissions within 500m Study Area
Table 3.14 Predicted Cumulative Maximum Hourly, Daily and Annual Average TSP Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Unmitigated)
Table 3.15 Predicted Cumulative Maximum Hourly, Daily and Annual Average Air Pollutants Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers at Lam Tin
Table 3.16 Predicted Cumulative Maximum Hourly, Daily and Annual Average Air Pollutants Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers at Tseung Kwan O
Table 3.17 Predicted Cumulative Maximum Hourly, Daily and Annual Average TSP Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Mitigated Tier 1)
Table 3.18 Predicted Cumulative Maximum Hourly, Daily and Annual Average TSP Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Mitigated Tier 2)
Table 3.19 Summary of Localised Exceedance
Table 4.1 Construction Noise Criteria for Activity other than Percussive Piling
Table 4.2 Acceptable Noise Levels for Percussive Piling
Table 4.3 Permitted Hours of Operation for Percussive Piling
Table 4.4 Ground-borne Noise Assessment Criteria
Table 4.5 Operational Noise Criteria for Fixed Noise Sources
Table 4.6 Summary of Measured Prevailing Background Noise Level
Table 4.7 Representative NSRs and APs for Noise Impact Assessment
Table 4.8 Wave Propagation Properties of Soil
Table 4.9 Loss factor for Coupling into Building Foundation
Table 4.10 Summary of Cumulative Unmitigated Construction Noise Levels at Representative NSRs during Normal Daytime Working Hours
Table 4.11 Predicted Construction Ground-borne Noise Impact
Table 4.12 Sensitivity Test for the Need of Direct Mitigation Measures
Table 4.13 Predicted Maximum Allowable Sound Power Levels for Fixed Noise Sources
Table 4.14 Summary of Predicted Operation Noise Levels
Table 4.15 Summary of Cumulative Mitigated Construction Noise Levels at Representative NSRs during Normal Daytime Working Hours
Table 4.16 Sensitivity Test for the Need of Further Direct Mitigation Measures for Mitigated Scenario (Existing NSRs)
Table 4.17 Sensitivity Test for the Need of Further Direct Mitigation Measures for Mitigated Scenario (Planned NSRs)
Table 4.18 Construction Noise Residual Impacts
Table 4.19 Summary Table of Noise Levels during Construction and Operation Phase
Table 5.1 Summary of Water Quality Objectives for Junk Bay WCZ
Table 5.2 Summary of Water Quality Objectives for Victoria Harbour WCZ
Table 5.3 Summary of Water Quality Objectives for Eastern Buffer WCZ
Table 5.4 WSD Standards for Flushing Water at Seawater Intakes
Table 5.5 Summary Statistics of 2009 and 2010 Marine Water Quality in Junk Bay WCZ
Table 5.6 Summary Statistics of 2009 and 2010 Marine Water Quality in Victoria Harbour WCZ
Table 5.7 Summary Statistics of 2009 and 2010 Marine Water Quality in Eastern Buffer WCZ
Table 5.8 Water Sensitive Receivers
Table 5.9 Coastal Developments Incorporated in the Construction and Operational Phase Coastline Configurations
Table 5.10 Concurrent Marine Works
Table 5.11 Summary of Suspended Solids Concentrations from EPD Routine Monitoring Stations (from Year 2001 to 2010)
Table 5.12 Summary of Allowable SS Elevations at EPD Routine Monitoring Stations due to Construction Impacts
Table 5.13 Summary of Allowable SS Elevations at Water Sensitive Receivers due to Construction Impacts
Table 5.14 Predicted Maximum Suspended Solids Elevations in Dry Season
Table 5.15 Predicted Maximum Suspended Solids Elevations in Wet Season
Table 5.16 Predicted Maximum Sedimentation Rates at Major Ecological Sensitive Receivers
Table 5.17 Depth Averaged Current Velocities in Operational Scenarios
Table 5.18 Action Plan for Potential Changes in Groundwater Regime during Tunnel Construction
Table 6.1 Ecological Survey Programme
Table 6.2 Habitats Recorded within the Assessment Area
Table 6.3 Avifauna of Conservation Interest Previously Recorded from the Assessment Area and its Vicinity
Table 6.4 Avifauna Species of Conservation Interest Recorded within the Assessment Area during the Recent Surveys
Table 6.5 Locations and Habitat Characteristics of the Sampling Locations for Intertidal Surveys
Table 6.6 Number of Taxa and Abundance of Intertidal Species Recorded during the Intertidal Surveys
Table 6.7 Ecological Attributes and Substratum of the REA Transects
Table 6.8 Summary of the Results on Each REA Transect
Table 6.9 Coral Species Recorded in the Survey Area during 2009 Dive Surveys
Table 6.10 Total Number of Species, Abundance, Biomass, Species Diversity and Evenness at Each Sampling Point Recorded During the Benthos Surveys
Table 6.11 Comparison of Mean H’ and J of Benthic Communities at Different Hong Kong Waters within Survey Area (Data after Shin et al., 2004)
Table 6.12 Fish Species Recorded during the Fish Surveys
Table 6.13 Ecological Value of Mixed Woodland and Disturbed Woodland within the Assessment Area
Table 6.14 Ecological Value of Grassland/Shrubland Mosaic and Village/Orchard within the Assessment Area
Table 6.15 Ecological Value of Plantation and Wasteland / Developed Area within the Assessment Area
Table 6.16 Ecological Value of Pond and Stream within the Assessment Area
Table 6.17 Ecological Value of Intertidal Habitat (Natural Rocky Shore) within the Assessment Area
Table 6.18 Ecological Value of Intertidal Habitat (Sandy Shore) within the Assessment Area
Table 6.19 Ecological Value of Intertidal Habitat (Artificial Seawall) within the Assessment Area
Table 6.20 Ecological Value of Hard Substrata Subtidal Habitat within the Assessment Area
Table 6.21 Ecological Value of Soft Substrata Subtidal Habitat within the Assessment Area
Table 6.22 Ecological Value of Pelagic Subtidal Habitat within the Assessment Area
Table 6.23 Species of Conservation Interest Recorded within the Assessment Area during Recent Surveys
Table 6.24 Direct Terrestrial Habitat Loss Resulting from Proposed Works
Table 6.25 Predicted SS (mg/L) Level at Coral Sites
Table 6.26 Overall Impact Evaluation for Mixed Woodland and Disturbed Woodland
Table 6.27 Overall Impact Evaluation for Grassland/Shrubland Mosaic and Village/Orchard
Table 6.28 Overall Impact Evaluation for Plantation and Wasteland / Developed Area
Table 6.29 Overall Impact Evaluation for Pond and Stream
Table 6.30 Overall Impact Evaluation for Intertidal Habitat (Natural Rocky Shore)
Table 6.31 Overall Impact Evaluation for Intertidal Habitat (Sandy Shore)
Table 6.32 Overall Impact Evaluation for Intertidal Habitat (Artificial Seawall)
Table 6.33 Overall Impact Evaluation for Hard Substrata Subtidal Habitat
Table 6.34 Overall Impact Evaluation for Soft Substrata Subtidal Habitat
Table 6.35 Overall Impact Evaluation for Pelagic Subtidal Habitat
Table 6.36 Overall Impact Evaluation for Terrestrial Species of Conservation Interest Recorded from in the Assessment Area during Recent Surveys
Table 6.37 Overall Impact Evaluation for Marine Species of Conservation Interest Recorded from in the Assessment Area during Recent Surveys
Table 7.1 Recent Hong Kong Capture Fisheries Industry Figures
Table 7.2 Summary of Capture Fisheries Data in the Assessment Area
Table 7.3 Fisheries Production (kg/ha) of the Top Ten Families in the Assessment Area
Table 7.4 Recent Figures for Hong Kong Marine Culture Fisheries Industry
Table 7.5 Summary of Potential Fisheries Impact during Construction Phase
Table 7.6 Summary of Concurrent Projects
Table 8.1 Identification of Waste Types and Sources in the Construction and Operation Phases of the Project
Table 8.2 Summary of Inert Construction and Demolition Materials Quantities Generated
Table 8.3 Summary of Chemical Screening Results
Table 8.4 Summary of Biological Screening Results
Table 8.5 Disposal Quantity for Marine Sediment
Table 8.6 Summary of Waste Disposal for Operation Phase
Table 8.7 Summary of Waste Generation and Recommended Disposal Methods for Construction and Demolition Works
Table 9.1 List of Built Heritage Resources within the 300m Study Boundary
Table 9.2 Proximity of Notable Built Heritages and Structures to the Project Worksites
Table 10.3.1 Evaluation of Significance of Landscape and Visual Impacts
Table 10.4.1 Tseung Kwan O Outline Zoning Plan No. S/TKO/20 – Zones Land Uses affected by the Project
Table 10.4.1 Cha Kwo Ling, Yau Tong and Lei Yu Mun Outline Zoning Plan No S/K15/19 - Zoned Land Uses affected by the Project
Table 10.5.1 Tseung Kwan O Landscape Resources and their Sensitivity
Table 10.5.2 Tseung Kwan O Landscape Character Areas and their Sensitivity
Table 10.5.3 Lam Tin Landscape Resources and their Sensitivity
Table 10.5.4 Lam Tin Landscape Character Areas and their Sensitivity
Table 10.5.5 Tseung Kwan O Visual Sensitive Receivers and their Sensitivity
Table 10.5.6 Tseung Kwan O Visual Sensitive Receivers and their Magnitude of Change
Table 10.5.7 Lam Tin Visual Sensitive Receivers and their Sensitivity
Table 10.5.8 Lam Tin Visual Sensitive Receivers and their Magnitude of Change
Table 10.6.1 Magnitude of Landscape Impacts during the Construction & Operation Phase – Tseung Kwan O
Table 10.6.3 Significance of Landscape Impacts in the Construction and Operation Phases - Tseung Kwan O
Table 10.6.4 Significance of Landscape Impacts in the Construction and Operation Phases - Lam Tin
Table 10.7.1 Significance of Visual Impacts in the Construction and Operation Phases - Tseung Kwan O
Table 10.7.2 Significance of Visual Impacts in the Construction and Operation Phases – Lam Tin
Table 10.8.1 Construction Phase Mitigation Measures
Table 10.8.2 Operation Phase Mitigation Measures
Table 11.1 Classification of Risk Category
Table 11.2 Summary of General Categorization of Risk
Table 11.3 Generic Protection Measures for Planning Stage Categorization
Table 11.4 Definition of Control Terms
Table 11.5 Landfill Gas Monitoring Results in Sai Tso Wan Landfill (November 2009 to October 2010)
Table 11.6 Groundwater Quality Monitoring Results in Sai Tso Wan Landfill (March 2010 and September 2010)
Table 11.7 Groundwater Level in Sai Tso Wan Landfill (March 2010 and September 2010)
Table 11.8 Qualitative Risk Assessment Matrix
Table 11.9 Actions in the Event of Landfill Gas Being Detected in Excavations/ Confined Areas
Table 14.1 Implementation schedule of Recommended Mitigation Measures
Table 15.1 Summary of Key Environmental Outcomes / Benefits