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Contents |
Chapter Title
Tables
The following legislation relates to the handling, treatment and disposal of wastes in Hong Kong and has been used in assessing potential impacts:
§
Waste
Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354)
§
Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap. 354C)
§
Waste
Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N)
§
Public
Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap. 132) - Public Cleansing and
Prevention of Nuisances Regulation
§
Land
(Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28)
The Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO) prohibits the unauthorised disposal of wastes. Construction waste is defined as any substance, matter or thing that is generated from construction work and abandoned, whether or not it has been processed or stockpiled before being abandoned, but does not include any sludge, screenings or matter removed in or generated from any desludging, desilting or dredging works. Under the WDO, wastes can be disposed of only at designated waste disposal facilities.
Under the WDO, the Chemical Waste (General) Regulation provides regulations for chemical waste control, and administers the possession, storage, collection, transport and disposal of chemical wastes.
According to the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation, all producers of chemical waste must register with EPD and treat their wastes, either utilising on-site plant licensed by EPD, or arranging for a licensed collector to transport the wastes to a licensed facility. The Regulation also prescribes the storage facilities to be provided on site, including labelling and warning signs, and requires the preparation of written procedures and training to deal with emergencies such as spillages, leakages or accidents arising from the storage of chemical wastes.
The EPD has also issued a ‘guideline’ document, the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992), which details how the Contractor should comply with the regulations on chemical wastes.
Under the Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation, enacted in January 2006, construction waste delivered to a landfill for disposal must not contain more than 50% by weight of inert material. Construction waste delivered to a sorting facility for disposal must contain more than 50% by weight of inert material, and construction waste delivered to a public fill reception facility for disposal must consist entirely of inert material.
The Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation provides control on illegal tipping of wastes on unauthorised (unlicensed) sites.
The Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance requires that dumping licenses be obtained by individuals or companies who deliver public fill to public filling areas. The CEDD issues the licences under delegated powers from the Director of Lands. The current policy related to dumping of C&D material is documented in the Works Branch Technical Circular No. 2/93 – Public Dumps. C&D materials that are wholly inert, namely public fill, should not be disposed of to landfill, but taken to fill banks or public filling areas.
The criteria for assessing waste management implications are outlined in Annex 7 of the EIAO-TM. The methods for assessing potential waste management impacts during construction and operation phases of the Project follow those presented in Annex 15 of the EIAO-TM and include the following:
§ Identify the quantity, quality and timing of waste arising as a result of the construction and operation activities of the Project;
§ Adopt appropriate design, general layout, construction methods and programme to minimise the generation of inert C&D materials and maximise the use of inert C&D materials for other construction works.
§ Prior to considering the disposal options for various types of wastes, opportunities for reducing waste generation, on-site or off-site re-use and recycling should be fully evaluated.
§ Identify measures / proposals for potential floating refuse issues
§ Estimate the types and quantities of the wastes required to be disposed of.
§ Identify the disposal methods / options for each type of waste.
§ Identify the transportation routings and the frequency of the trucks/vessels involved.
§ Assess the potential impacts from the management of solid waste with respect to potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharges, ecology and public transport.
The activities to be carried out for construction of the Project would generate a variety of wastes that can be divided into different key categories based on their composition and ultimate method of disposal. The identified waste types include:
§ Construction and demolition (C&D) materials;
§ Chemical waste;
§ General refuse; and
§ Floating Refuse
Each type of the above waste arising is described below, together with an evaluation of the potential environmental impacts associated with the waste generation, handling, storage, transport and disposal.
A recent site investigation (SI) has been carried out and no marine sediment was identified in any boreholes within the Project area. As confirmed by the engineering scheme design, the lowest excavation level of basement is +7 mPD, which is above the original sea bed level, therefore, no excavation/ dredging of sediment will be encountered in this Project.
Key sources of C&D materials
It is anticipated that the majority of C&D materials will be generated from the following key construction activities:
§ Cutting / excavation on the hill slopes for the new section of the Emergency Vehicular Access Road (EVA);
§ Excavation of ground for foundation works;
§ Site formation works;
§ Building construction and superstructure works.
C&D Materials from Excavation, Foundation and Site Formation
The excavation, foundation and site formation works will be the major source of C&D materials generated by the Project. It is estimated that the total amount of C&D materials to be generated would be approximately 86,300 m3, in which about 13,900 m3 would be rock, and about 71,900 m3 would be soil and the remaining 500 m3 would be non-inert C&D material, as shown in Table 8.1. The C&D material is mainly generated from excavation, foundation and site formation in year 2014 to 2016.
C&D Materials from New Building Construction
C&D materials will also be generated
from construction of new buildings and other superstructures. The C&D materials arising from the
construction works will comprise inert (brick, broken concrete, soil etc.) and
non-inert (packaging material, paper, wood etc.) materials.
It is estimated that the total amount of C&D materials to be generated would be approximately 12,000 m3, in which about 8,500 m3 would be soil, about 1,500 m3 would be broken concrete, bricks and the remaining 2,000 m3 would be non-inert C&D material, as shown in Table 8.1. The C&D material is mainly generated from construction of buildings and superstructures in year 2015 to 2017.
Table 8.1: Estimated of C&D Materials to be Generated by the Project
|
Key Sources of C&D Materials |
Estimated Quantity of Inert C&D Materials Generated ( in-situ volume, m3) |
Estimated Quantity of Non-inert C&D Materials Generated ( in-situ volume, m3) |
||
|
Soft Materials (e.g. soil) |
Rocks |
Hard Materials (e.g. broken concrete, brick, etc.) |
||
|
Excavation of hill slopes, foundation and site formation |
71,900 |
13,900 |
0 |
500 |
|
New building
construction and superstructure
works |
8,500 |
0 |
1,500 |
2,000 |
|
Total |
80,400 |
13,900 |
1,500 |
2,500 |
On-site reuse of C&D materials as fill
materials
The inert materials should be segregated from the C&D materials on-site for reuse as far as practicable. In order to minimise the impact resulting from collection and transportation of C&D material for off-site disposal, the C&D material that could be reused on-site as fill materials as far as practicable. It is estimated that the Project would require a total of 23,300 m3 of fill materials for construction phase as shown in Table 8.2.
It should be noted that temporary stockpiling of the inert C&D materials generated from 2014 to 2016 would be required in order to facilitate the subsequent reuse of such materials. The indicative location of temporary stockpiling area is shown in Figure 8.1.
Off-site reuse or disposal of surplus
C&D materials
The
surplus inert C&D materials generated could be reused by other projects in
Hong Kong. During the detailed design stage, further alternative disposal
arrangement (e.g. other potential projects that could receive inert C&D
materials from the Project) shall be continuously explored and identified. If
no potential projects could receive the surplus inert C&D materials, the
remaining inert C&D materials could be disposed of at the Government's
Public Fill Reception Facilities (PFRFs) for beneficial use by any other
projects in Hong Kong. Hence, the forecast quantities for yearly
generation, on-site reuse and disposal of inert C&D materials at PFRFs are as summarised in Table 8.2 below.
Taking the peak yearly amount of surplus
materials requiring off-site delivery at 2015, it is estimated that up to
around 29 vehicle-trips per day would be needed for off-site delivery of the surplus inert C&D materials by dump
trucks (each with a loading capacity of about 6 m3) via Wong Chuk Hang Road.
Given this small daily number of vehicle-trips, the extra traffic loading on Wong
Chuk Hang Road
would be negligible.
Table 8.2: Estimates of Surplus Inert
C&D Materials to be Re-used On-site and Delivered Off-site
|
Year |
Estimated Amount of Inert C&D Materials to be Generated by the Project (in-situ volume, m3) |
Inert C&D Materials to be Reused On-site (in-situ volume, m3) |
Surplus C&D
Materials to be Delivered Off-site (in-situ volume, m3) |
|
2014 |
21,500 |
5,700 |
15,800 |
|
2015 |
71,300 |
17,100 |
54,200 |
|
2016 |
2,000 |
500 |
1,500 |
|
2017 |
1,000 |
0 |
1,000 |
|
Total |
95,800 |
23,300 |
72,500 |
Liaison with the CEDD Public Fill Committee
(PFC) on the management of C&D materials will be required before the
commencement of construction work. No construction
work is allowed to proceed until all issues on management of C&D materials
have been resolved and all relevant arrangements have been endorsed by the
relevant authorities including PFC and EPD.
The Contractor should separate the non-inert
C&D materials from the inert C&D materials on-site. Any recyclable
materials (e.g., metal) should be segregated from the non-inert C&D
materials for collection by reputable licensed recyclers. The remaining
non-recyclable waste materials will be disposed of at designated landfill sites
by a reputable licensed waste collector.
The non-inert C&D materials (with the recyclable materials segregated for recycling) will be delivered to designated landfill sites by dump trucks through Wong Chuk Hang Road. With a loading capacity of about 6 m3 per dump truck, it can be estimated that up to about 1 vehicle-trip per day would be required for delivery of the non-inert C&D materials, which would not impose significant traffic loading on Wong Chuk Hang Road. The storage, handling, transport and disposal of non-inert C&D materials, if not managed properly, would have the potential to create visual, dust and water quality impacts.
With careful planning for reuse of C&D
materials on-site and proper implementation of good construction site practice
and mitigation measures recommended, potential dust, noise and water quality
impacts associated with on-site handling and transportation of C&D
materials are not anticipated.
Chemical wastes arising during the construction phase may pose environmental, health and safety hazards if not stored and disposed of in an appropriate manner as stipulated in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulations. The potential hazards include:
§ Toxic effects to workers;
§ Adverse impacts on water quality from spills; and
§ Fire hazards.
The maintenance and servicing of construction plant and equipment may generate some chemical wastes such as used solvents, contaminated rags and waste lubricating oil. It is difficult to quantify the amount of chemical waste that will arise from the construction activities since it will be dependent on the Contractor’s on-site maintenance requirements and the amount of plant utilised. However, it is anticipated that the quantity of chemical waste, such as waste lubricating oil and solvents produced from plant maintenance, will be small and in the order of a few cubic metres per month. The amount of chemical waste to be generated will be quantified in the Waste Management Plan to be prepared by the Contractor for the site.
Materials classified as chemical wastes will require special handling and storage arrangements before removal for off-site disposal at the approved Chemical Waste Treatment Facility or recycling by licensed facilities. Mitigation and control requirements for chemical wastes are detailed in Section 8.5.1.4 Provided that the handling, storage and disposal of chemical wastes are in accordance with these requirements, adverse environmental impacts are not expected.
The construction workforce will generate refuse comprising food scraps, waste paper and empty containers etc. Such refuse will be properly managed so that intentional or accidental release to the surrounding environment will be avoided. Disposal of refuse at sites other than approved waste transfer or disposal facilities will be prohibited. Effective collection of site wastes will be required to prevent waste materials being blown around by wind, flushed or leached into the marine environment, or creating an odour nuisance or pest/ vermin problem. Waste storage areas will be well maintained and cleaned regularly. The daily arising of general refuse from the construction workforce can be estimated based on a generation rate of 0.65 kg per worker per day.
The maximum number of construction workers to be employed for each year from 2014 is stated in Table 8.3. Based on a generation rate of 0.65 kg per worker per day, the maximum daily arising of general refuse during the construction period would be approximately 260 kg and this waste can be effectively controlled by normal measures. Corresponding to this maximum daily volume, up to around 1 vehicle-trip per day would be needed for delivery of the general refuse by dump trucks (each with a loading capacity of about 6 m3) to the designated landfill sites via Wong Chuk Hang Road. Given this small daily number of vehicle-trips, the extra traffic loading on Wong Chuk Hang Road would be negligible.
Table 8.3: Estimation of Maximum Number of Construction Workers during Construction Phase
|
Construction Year |
Maximum Number of
Construction Workers |
Maximum Daily
Arising of General Refuse (kg/day) |
|
2014 |
100 |
65 |
|
2015 |
400 |
260 |
|
2016 |
400 |
260 |
|
2017 |
50 |
33 |
With the implementation of good waste management practices at the site as detailed in Section 8.5.1.5, adverse environmental impacts are not expected to arise from the storage, handling and transportation of the general refuse from construction workforce.
Floating refuse may wash up onto the Project area through the effect of currents and wind, with waste then trapped and accumulated on the artificial seawall. According to the current condition of seawall, the shoreline is clean and free from floating refuse. The floating refuse wash up onto the Project area is negligible.
During construction phase, the construction workforce may also generate floating refuse while working along the coast area, i.e. food scraps, waste paper and empty containers etc. Such refuse will be properly managed so that intentional or accidental release to the surrounding environment will be avoided. Disposal of refuse at sites other than approved waste transfer or disposal facilities will be prohibited. Proper education to the construction workforce and provide general refuse collection points on site can minimise the refuse contaminate the marine environment. With the proper education and regular checking of any refuse trapped or accumulated along the artificial seawall, no adverse environmental impacts associate with floating refuse are anticipated.
Table 8.4 presents a summary of all key types of waste arising during the construction phase of the Project. Table 8.5 presents a summary of the methods by which wastes arising are avoided or reduced through consideration of alternative design options and / or construction methods.
Table 8.4: Summary of Waste Arising during Construction Phase
|
Waste Type |
Key Sources of
Waste Generation |
Timing of Waste
Generation |
Estimated
Quantity of Waste Generation |
Waste Reuse or Disposal |
|
Inert C&D Materials |
Excavation of hill
slopes, foundation and site formation; new building construction and superstructure works |
Tentatively from 2014 to 2017 |
About 95,800 m3 in total |
About
23,300 m3
of the inert C&D materials generated would be reused on-site as fill
materials. The
remaining 72,500 m3 would be
delivered off-site to any identified projects that would need fill materials
and/or to the government’s PFRF for beneficial use by other projects in Hong
Kong |
|
Non-inert C&D Materials |
Excavation of hill
slopes, foundation and site formation; new building construction and superstructure works |
Tentatively from 2014 to 2017 |
About 2,500 m3 in total |
The non-inert C&D
material will be disposal of at landfills after on-site sorting and segregation of recyclable materials |
|
General Refuse |
Food scarps, waste
paper, empty containers, etc. generated from the site workforce |
Tentatively from 2014 to 2017 |
0.65 kg per worker
per day, the maximum daily arising of general refuse during the construction
period would be approximately 260 kg |
Encourage
segregation of recyclable materials (e.g., paper, tin-cans, etc.) for
collection by outside recyclers Refuse station for
compaction and containerisation and then to landfill for disposal |
|
Chemical Waste |
Used cleansing
fluids, solvents, lubricating oil, waste
fuel, etc., from maintenance and servicing of construction plant and
equipment |
Tentatively from 2014 to 2017 |
Anticipated
as small quantity To
be quantified in the site Waste Management Plan to be prepared by the
Contractor |
Disposal of at the Chemical Waste
Treatment Centre or other licensed recycling facilities |
|
Floating Refuse |
Floating refuse trapped or accumulated
in the artificial seawall |
Tentatively from 2014 to 2017 |
Negligible |
Collection
by a reputable waste collector for disposal at
designated landfill (if any)sites |
Table 8.5: Summary of Waste Avoidance / Reduction through Alternative Design Options / Construction Methods
|
Design / Works Component |
Design Option / Construction Segment |
Waste Avoidance / Reduction Mechanism |
|
EVA |
Adoption of the existing EVA as far as
practicable |
Minimise
site excavation for new sections EVA and minimise the amount of excavated
materials to be generated |
|
Building
structures |
Placement of fill in areas where proposed
building structure is above existing ground level. |
May utilise cut material generated from
construction as fill material |
|
Excavation of hill slopes |
Earth retaining structures and temporary cut
slopes |
Small volumes of excavation is required to
minimise waste generation. |
|
Excavation
works |
Excavation lateral support system |
Excavation extent and potential ground water intrusion is minimised by the use of diaphragm wall |
|
Superstructure
works |
Precast concrete |
Less C&D waste will be generated. Construction of concrete panels is carried out off-site and potential environmental impact could be minimised |
The Project is anticipated to involve the following waste generating activities during operation phase:
§ Recreational activities;
§ Retail stores within the Project; and
§ Restaurants within the Project.
The following types of wastes would be generated from abovementioned activities:
§ General refuse;
§ Chemical waste; and
§ Floating refuse.
Each
type of the above waste arising
is discussed below:
General refuse (such as food scraps, waste paper, empty containers and packaging, etc.) from operation of the Project will mainly be generated from recreational activities, retail stores and restaurants within the Project. Such refuse will be properly managed by suitable waste collectors so that intentional or accidental release to the surrounding environment will not occur.
The amounts of general refuse generation during the operation phase have been preliminarily estimated based on the population intake estimates prepared for the Development Plan of the Project, and are summarised in Table 8.6.
Table 8.6: Estimation of General Refuse Generation during Operation Phase
|
Item |
Population intake
estimate |
Waste classification(1) |
Per capita disposal rate(2) |
Estimated Waste
Generation |
|
Daily Average of Visitors |
4,655 |
Commercial waste |
0.33 kg/ person/ day* |
1,536 kg/day |
|
Total Employment Population |
1,602 |
Commercial waste |
0.33 kg/ person/ day* |
529 kg/day |
Source: (1) Appendix
1: Classification of Solid Waste and Monitoring Methodology, in Monitoring of Solid Waste in Hong Kong –
Waste Statistic for 2011
(2) Plate 2.1 and Plate 2.7, in Monitoring of Solid Waste in Hong Kong –
Waste Statistic for 2011
Note:
*Calculated from percentage of commercial waste over total municipal solid
waste, based on municipal solid waste disposal rate
Corresponding
to this waste volume and with a loading capacity of about 12 ton per refuse
collection vehicle (RCV), it can be estimated that up to around 1 vehicle-trip
per day would be needed for delivery of
the general refuse by RCV to the designated
landfill sites, which will be via
Wong Chuk Hang Road. Given this small daily number of
vehicle-trips, the extra traffic loading on Wong Chuk
Hang Road would be negligible.
Storage of general refuse would generate odour nuisance and visual impact if they are not managed in a proper manner. Vermin and pests may also be attracted if the waste containers are not cleaned or maintained properly and frequently. Therefore, the general refuse should be temporarily stored in proper containers with covers to avoid adverse impact to the surroundings. To reduce waste and improve recycling, it is expected that waste such as waste paper, plastics and aluminium can be segregated for off-site recycling. A reputable licensed waste collector should be employed to collect the general refuse daily for disposal at designated landfill sites. With proper implementation of waste management practices, the environmental impact from handling and disposal of general refuse would not be anticipated.
Chemical waste will be generated from various routine maintenance and servicing activities for air conditioning system, emergency generators and other electrical and mechanical equipment. Chemical waste such as waste lubricating oil, contaminated rags, waste paint, used solvents and spent chemicals are expected to be generated from these activities. It is difficult to quantify the amount of chemical waste that will arise from those activities at this stage since it will be dependent on the equipment maintenance requirements and the amount of equipment utilised.
Chemical wastes arising during the operation phase may pose environmental, health and safety hazards if not stored and disposed of in an appropriate manner as stipulated in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulations. The potential hazards include:
§ Toxic effects to workers;
§ Adverse impacts on water quality and wildlife from spills; and
§ Fire hazards.
Chemical wastes will require special handling and storage arrangements in accordance with the relevant regulations before off-site disposal at the approved Chemical Waste Treatment Facility or recycling by licensed facilities. Mitigation and control requirements for chemical wastes are detailed in Section 8.5.2.2. Provided that the handling, storage and disposal of chemical wastes will be in accordance with these requirements, adverse environmental impacts will not be expected.
Floating refuse may wash up onto the Project area through the effect of currents and wind, with waste then trapped and accumulated on the artificial seawall of the Project boundary. According to the current condition of seawall, the shoreline is clean and free from floating refuse. Therefore, it is anticipated that the floating refuse wash up onto the Project area during operation phase is anticipated to be negligible.
General refuse collection containers will be provided to minimise the refuse contaminate the marine environment. With the implementation of mitigation measures and regular checking of any refuse trapped or accumulated along the artificial seawall, no adverse environmental impacts associate with floating refuse are anticipated.
§ Nomination of an approved person, such as a site manager, to be responsible for good site practices, arrangements for collection and effective disposal to an appropriate facility, of all wastes generated at the site
§ Training of site personnel in proper waste management and chemical handling procedures
§ Provision of sufficient waste disposal points and regular collection of waste
§ Appropriate measures to minimise windblown litter and dust/odour during transportation of waste by either covering trucks or by transporting wastes in enclosed containers
§ Stockpiles of C&D materials should be kept covered by impervious sheets to avoid wind-blown dust.
§ All dusty materials including C&D materials should be sprayed with water immediately prior to any loading transfer operation so as to keep the dusty material wet during material handling at the stockpile areas
§ Provision of wheel washing facilities before the trucks leaving the works area so as to minimise dust introduction to public roads
§ Well planned delivery programme for offsite disposal such that adverse environmental impact from transporting the inert or non-inert C&D materials is not anticipated
Good management and control can prevent the generation of a significant amount of waste. Waste reduction is best achieved at the planning and design stage, as well as by ensuring the implementation of good site practices. Recommendations to achieve waste reduction include:
§ Sort inert C&D materials to recover any recyclable portions such as metals
§ Segregation and storage of different types of waste in different containers or skips or stockpiles to enhance reuse or recycling of materials and their proper disposal
§ Encourage collection of recyclable waste such as waste paper and aluminium cans by providing separate labelled bins to enable such waste to be segregated from other general refuse generated by the work force
§ Proper site practices to minimise the potential for damage or contamination of inert C&D materials
§ Plan the use of construction materials carefully to minimise amount of waste generated and avoid unnecessary generation of waste
In addition to the above measures, specific mitigation measures are recommended below for the identified waste arising to minimise environmental impacts during handling, transportation and disposal of these wastes.
In
order to minimise impacts resulting from collection and transportation of inert
C&D materials for off-site disposal, the inert C&D materials should be
reused on-site as fill
material as far as practicable. In addition, inert C&D materials generated
from excavation works could be reused as fill materials in
local
projects that require public fill for reclamation.
The surplus inert C&D materials will be disposed of at the Government’s PFRFs for beneficial use by other projects in Hong Kong.
The C&D
materials generated from general site
clearance should be sorted on site to segregate any inert materials for reuse
or disposal of at PFRFs whereas the non-inert materials will be disposed of at the designated
landfill site.
In order to monitor the disposal of inert and non-inert C&D materials at respectively PFRFs and the designated landfill site, and to control fly-tipping, it is recommended that the Contractor should follow the DEVB Technical Circular (Works) No. 6/2010 for Trip Ticket System for Disposal of Construction & Demolition Materials issued by Development Bureau. In addition, it is also recommended that the Contractor should prepare and implement a Waste Management Plan detailing their various waste arising and waste management practices in accordance with the relevant requirements of the ETWB Technical Circular (Works) No. 19/2005 Environmental Management on Construction Site.
Provide general refuse collection points on site can minimise the refuse contaminate the marine environment. The construction contractors will be required to regularly check and clean any refuse trapped or accumulated along the artificial seawall. Such refuse will then be stored and disposed of together with the general refuse.
General refuse should be collected on daily basis and delivered to the refuse collection point accordingly. A reputable waste collector should be employed to remove general refuse regularly to avoid odour nuisance or pest/vermin problem. Sufficient recycling containers are recommended to be provided at suitable locations of the Project to encourage recycling of such waste as aluminium cans, plastics and waste paper.
Regular inspection should be carried out along the artificial seawall of the Project boundary for any entrapment or accumulation of floating refuse. Where an appreciable amount of floating refuse is found on the artificial seawall during the inspection, the locations of such refuse will be recorded and arrangements with the project proponent will immediately be made to collect and clear the refuse from the seawall.
With the implementation of the recommended mitigation measures for the handling, transportation and disposal of the identified waste arising, residual impacts are not anticipated during both construction and operation phases of the Project.
The major waste types generated by the construction activities will include C&D materials from excavation of hill slopes, foundation and site formation as well as from construction of new buildings and superstructures works; chemical waste from maintenance and servicing of construction plant and equipment; general refuse from the workforce and floating refuse trapped / accumulated on the artificial seawall. Provided that all these identified wastes are handled, transported and disposed of in strict accordance with the relevant legislative and recommended requirements and that the recommended good site practices and mitigation measures are properly implemented, no adverse environmental impact is expected during the construction phase.
During the operation phase, the key waste types generated will include general refuse from recreational activities, retail stores and restaurants within the Project; as well as chemical waste from routine servicing and maintenance activities for different E&M equipment. There would also be entrapment or accumulation of floating refuse on the artificial seawall of the Project but it is anticipated to be negligible. Provided that all these wastes are handled, transported and disposed of in strict accordance with the relevant legislative requirements and the recommended mitigation measures are properly implemented, no adverse environmental impact is expected during the operation phase.