7.1.1.1
This section identifies the types of
waste which are likely to be generated during the construction and operation
phases of the Project, and evaluates the potential environmental impacts that
may be resulted from the waste generation.
7.1.1.2
Mitigation measures and good site
practices, including waste handling, storage and disposal, have been
recommended with reference to relevant waste legislation and management
guidelines.
7.2.1.1
The criteria and guidelines for accessing
waste management implications are outlined in Annex 7 and 15, respectively, of
the Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process
(EIAO-TM).
7.2.1.2
The following legislation, which has been
used in assessing potential impacts, relates to the handling, treatment and
disposal of wastes in the Hong Kong SAR:
·
Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354);
·
Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation
(Cap. 354C);
·
Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction
Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N);
·
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28);
·
Public Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap.
132) - Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation (Cap 132BK); and
·
Dumping at Sea Ordinance (Cap. 466).
Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354)
7.2.1.3
The Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO)
prohibits any unauthorized disposal of waste. Construction waste, defined under
Cap. 354N of the WDO, means any substance, matter or thing that is generated
from construction work and abandoned, whether or not it has been processed or
stockpiled before being abandoned, but does not include any sludge, screenings
or matter removed in or generated from any desludging, desilting or dredging
works. Under the WDO, waste can be disposed of only at designated waste
disposal facilities licensed by the Environmental Protection Department (EPD).
Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation (Cap.354C)
7.2.1.4
Under the WDO, the Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation legislates controls over the
management of chemical waste, and applies to the possession, storage,
collection, transport and disposal of chemical waste. EPD has also issued A
Guide to the Chemical Waste Control Scheme
(2016), A Guide to the
Registration of Chemical Waste Producers (2016) and Code of
Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992),
which provide guidance for complying with the requirements of the Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation on the packaging, labelling and
storage of chemical waste.
Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal
of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap.354N)
7.2.1.5
Under the Waste Disposal (Charges for
Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation enacted in January 2006,
construction waste delivered to a landfill for disposal must not contain more
than 50% by weight of inert construction waste material. Construction waste
delivered to a sorting facility for disposal must contain more than 50% by
weight of inert construction waste material, and construction waste delivered
to a Public Fill Reception Facility (PFRF) for disposal must consist entirely
of inert construction waste material.
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance (Cap.28)
7.2.1.6
The inert portion of Construction and
Demolition (C&D) materials (including rocks, soil, broken concrete,
building debris, etc.) may be disposed of at PFRFs. PFRFs are managed by the
Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD) and others. The Land
(Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance requires that individuals or companies who
dispose of public fill at PFRFs are required to obtain dumping licences. The
licences are issued by CEDD under delegated authority from the Director of
Lands.
7.2.1.7
Dumping licences and ‘Public Dumping
Label’ are issued for each vehicle involved for attachment vehicle windscreen.
Under the licence conditions, public fill reception facilities will only accept
earth, soil, sand, rubble, brick and tile, rock, boulder, concrete, asphalt,
masonry or used bentonite. In addition, in accordance with paragraph 12 of the Development
Bureau (DevB) Technical Circular (Works) TC (W) No. 6/2010, Public Fill
Committee will advise on the corresponding acceptance criteria for disposal of
the inert C&D material. The material shall, however, be free from marine
mud, pond mud, household refuse, plastic, metal, industrial and chemical
wastes, animal and vegetable matter and any other materials considered unsuitable
by the public fill reception facility supervisor.
Public Health and
Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap.132) - Public Cleansing and Prevention of
Nuisances Regulation
7.2.1.8
The Public Cleansing and Prevention of
Nuisances Regulations provides control on illegal dumping of waste on
unauthorized (unlicensed) sites. The illegal dumping of wastes can lead to a
fine and/or imprisonment.
Dumping at Sea Ordinance (Cap. 466)
7.2.1.9
This Ordinance came into operation in
April 1995 and empowers the Director of Environmental Protection (DEP) to
control the disposal and incineration of substances and particles at sea for
the protection of the marine environment. Under the Ordinance, a dumping permit
from the DEP is required for the disposal of regulated substances within and
outside the waters of Hong Kong. The permit contains terms and conditions which
include the following specifications, but not limited to:
·
Type and quantity of substances permitted to be
dumped;
·
Location of the disposal grounds;
·
Requirement of equipment for monitoring the disposal
operations; and
·
Environmental monitoring requirements.
7.2.1.10
Marine disposal of any dredged sediment
is subject to control under the Dumping at Sea Ordinance. Dredged sediment
destined for marine disposal is classified based on its contaminant levels with
reference to the Environment, Transport and Works Bureau Technical Circular
(Works) No. 34/2002 – Management of Dredged/Excavated Sediment (ETWB TC(W) No.
34/2002). The ETWB TC (W) No. 34/2002 stipulated a set of sediment quality
criteria or Chemical Exceedance Levels (CEL) for contaminants including metals,
metalloid and organic pollutants.
Environmental Guidelines
7.2.1.11
Environmental guidelines that are related
to wastes management and disposal include:
·
WBTC No. 2/93 Public Dumps;
·
WBTC No. 2/93B Public Filling Facilities;
·
WBTC No. 12/2000 Fill Management;
·
ETWB TCW 33/2002 Management of Construction and
Demolition Material Including Rock;
·
ETWB TCW 34/2002 Management of Dredged / Excavated
Sediment;
·
ETWB TCW 19/2005 Environmental Management on Construction
Sites;
·
DEVB TCW No. 06/2010 Trip Ticket System for Disposal
of Construction and Demolition Materials;
·
DEVB TCW No. 08/2010 Enhanced Specification for Site
Cleanliness and Tidiness;
·
DEVB TCW No. 09/2011 Enhanced Control Measures for Management
of Public Fill;
·
Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines Planning,
2016 (PlanD)
·
Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and
Storage of Chemical Wastes (EPD);
·
A Guide to the Chemical Waste Control Scheme (EPD);
and
·
Section 4.1.3 of Chapter 4 of the Project
Administration Handbook (PAH) for Civil Engineering Works, Management of
Construction/Demolition Materials including Rocks.
7.2.1.12
The current policy related to the
disposal of C&D materials is documented in the WBTC No. 2/93, ‘Public
Dumps’. C&D materials that are wholly inert, namely public fill, should
not be disposed of at landfill, but be taken to PFRFs, which usually form part
of reclamation schemes.
7.2.1.13
In accordance with the DEVB TC (W) No.
6/2010 ‘Trip Ticket System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition
Materials’, all contracts that are expected to generate inert C&D
materials (e.g. soil, broken rock, broken concrete and building debris, etc.)
requiring disposal from site, the project office shall write to the Public Fill
Committee (PFC) through Secretary of the PFC to request a designated disposal
ground for incorporation into the tender documents. For contracts where the estimated amount of
non-inert C&D materials requiring disposal at landfill facilities equal or
exceed 50m3,
the project office shall seek confirmation from the DEP in terms of the
availability of landfill facilities for disposal of such materials. The DEP will designate landfill facilities,
if available, for the contract. Where
the estimated amount of non-inert C&D materials to be generated from the
contract is less than 50m3,
the project office is not required to apply to DEP for designated landfill
facilities. However, the project office
should still specify in the tender documents of the appropriate landfill
facilities for disposal.
7.2.1.14
Further measures have been introduced
under Paragraph 4.1.3 of Chapter 4 of
the PAH for Civil Engineering Works to
enhance the management of C&D materials including rock, and to minimise its
generation at source. The enhancement measures include:
·
Drawing
up a Construction and Demolition Materials Management Plan (C&DMMP) at an
early design stage to minimise C&D materials generation and to encourage proper
management of such materials;
·
Vetting
of the C&DMMP prior to upgrading of the project to Category A in the Public
Works Programme; and
·
Providing
the contractor with information from the C&DMMP in order to facilitate the
preparation of Waste Management
Plan (WMP) and to minimise C&D materials generation during construction.
7.2.1.15
The ETWB
TCW No. 19/2005 Environmental Management on Construction Sites includes
procedures on waste management requiring the Contractor to reduce the disposed
C&D materials. The Contractor is required to prepare and implement an
Environmental Management Plan (EMP), which includes the WMP.
7.2.1.16
ETWB TCW No. 34/2002 Management of
Dredged / Excavated Sediment sets out the procedure for seeking approval to and
the management framework for marine disposal of dredge/excavate sediment. This
Practice Note outlines the requirements to be followed in assessing and
classifying the sediment and explains the marine disposal arrangement for the
classified material. The sediment quality criteria for the classification of
sediment were referred as the Lower Chemical Exceedance Level (LCEL) and
Upper Chemical Exceedance Level (UCEL). The LCEL and UCEL are presented
in Appendix A of ETWB TCW No. 34/2002. Subject to the results of the chemical
screening, biological screening may be required to determine the disposal
requirement of the sediment. There are
three types of disposal options for dredged / excavated sediments stipulated in
the ETWB TCW No. 34/2002:
·
Type 1 – Open Sea
Disposal or Open Sea Disposal in Dedicated Sites;
·
Type 2 – Confined Marine
Disposal; and
·
Type 3 – Special Treatment/Disposal. For Type 3 disposal, the Project Proponent
shall be responsible for identifying and agreeing with the DEP the most
appropriate treatment and/or disposal arrangement.
7.4.1.1
The construction activities to be carried out for the Project include
demolition, construction, and marine dredging. The types of waste generated
include:
·
Dredged
sediments;
·
Construction and demolition (C&D) materials;
·
Chemical waste
·
General refuse; and
·
Floating refuse.
7.4.1.2
The key construction waste issue for the
works would be mainly the handling and disposal of excavated rocks and dredged
sediments. Some of the sediments are contaminated and require proper disposal
according to ETWB TC No. 34/2002.
Operation Phase
7.4.1.3
Upon Project operation, it is anticipated
that major source of wastes would be from tourism. Types of waste to be
generated include:
·
General refuse;
·
Floating refuse; and
·
Dredged sediments from maintenance dredging.
7.5
Assessment Methodology
7.5.1.1
The assessment of the environmental
impacts arising from the handling, storage, collection, transportation and
disposal of waste material generated by the Project is undertaken in accordance
with the Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap.354). The potential waste
management implications of the Project have been assessed by:
·
Estimation on types and quantities of waste generated;
·
Determination of potential impacts arising from waste
management in terms of potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise,
wastewater discharge and emission due to public transport;
·
Examination of the opportunities of reducing waste
generation;
·
Identification of disposal options for each type of
waste; and
·
Assessment of impacts on the capacity of waste
collection, transfer and disposal on waste management facilities.
7.5.1.2
The types and quantities of wastes likely
to be generated during the construction phase of this Project item should be
reviewed and updated for a more detailed assessment and formulation of
management practices when the WMP is being prepared by the Contractor as part
of the EMP in accordance with ETWB TCW No. 19/2005 for approval by the
Engineer.
7.5.1.3
Prior to considering the disposal options
for various types of waste, opportunities for reducing waste generation,
on-site or off-site reuse and recycling have been evaluated. Measures which can
be taken in the planning and design phases (e.g. by modifying the design
approach) and in the construction phase for maximizing waste reduction have
been separately considered. Practices to promote segregation of waste materials
are also considered to enhance the efficiency of waste management.
7.5.1.4
After considering all the opportunities
for reducing waste generation and maximizing reuse, the types and quantities of
the waste required to be disposed of have been estimated and the disposal
options for each type of waste have been described. The disposal method
recommended for each type of waste has taken into account the result of the
assessment. The impacts caused by handling (including stockpiling, labelling,
packaging and storage), collection and reuse / disposal of waste have been
addressed and appropriate mitigation measures have been proposed.
Construction Phase
7.6.1
Dredged Marine Sediments
7.6.1.1
The construction activities to be carried
out for the Project that would generate sediment is the dredging works at
seabed. Marine sediments would be
dredged from the seabed off the proposed landing facilities to provide
sufficient water depth for berthing of vessels as well as constructing the
breakwater.
Previous Sediment Quality Data
7.6.1.2
Site
investigation (SI) for sediment classification and determination of the
disposal options under ETWB TCW No. 34/2002 had been conducted within the
proposed dredging extent in September 2006 for the Project. A Sediment Quality Report (SQR-2007)[1], reporting the
findings of the SI works, the sediment categorisation and disposal method, was
submitted to EPD for agreement under DASO in March 2007. The key findings of
the SQR-2007 is attached in Appendix 7.1.
7.6.1.3
Based on the
SQR-2007, 3 sampling locations (viz. SK1, SK2 and SK3) were proposed and
boreholes BH7, BH5 and BH3 were constructed at SK1, SK2 and SK3 respectively.
7.6.1.4
A total of 12
samples (including the reference sample) were collected and tested. Out of the
12 samples, 4 were within the proposed dredging extent of –3.646 mPD. Amongst
the 4 samples, 3 were classified as Type 2 – Confined Marine Disposal (Category
H) sediment and 1 as Type 1 – Open Sea Disposal (Category L) sediment. Table 7.1 summarises the
sampling depths of different categories of sediment and corresponding disposal
types within the proposed dredging extent of -3.646 mPD.
Table
7.1
Sampling Depths of Different Categories of Sediment
|
Sampling locations
|
Drillholes
|
Sampling depths (m)
|
Sampling levels (mPD)
|
Sediment Categories
|
Disposal Type
|
|
SK1
|
BH7
|
1.50 – 1.95
|
-3.60 to -4.05
|
Cat. H
|
Type 2
|
|
SK2
|
BH5
|
1.50 – 1.95
|
-2.10 to -2.55
|
Cat. H
|
Type 2
|
|
BH5
|
2.00 – 2.45
|
-2.60 to -3.05
|
Cat. L
|
Type 1
|
|
SK3
|
BH3
|
3.00 – 3.45
|
-3.40 to -3.85
|
Cat. H
|
Type 2
|
7.6.1.5
Since the SQR-2007 were conducted around
10 years ago, re-sampling and testing were undertaken within the
proposed dredging extent to provide an update to the sediment quality under
this EIA study.
Sediment Sampling and Testing Plan
7.6.1.6
The re-sampling and testing works,
including the submission of the Sediment Sampling and Testing Plan (SSTP), were
conducted to serve the purpose of fulfilling this EIA Study under the EIAO. The
SSTP was prepared, making reference to ETWB TCW No. 34/2002 to present the
requirements of the re-sampling and testing works for EPD’s agreement. The SSTP was approved by EPD under EIAO
in July 2016 and is attached in Appendix
7.2.
7.6.1.7
For consistency with the SQR conducted in
2007, sediment sampling was proposed at 3 locations to cover the dredging areas
where sediment would be found during the construction phase of the Project. The
proposed sampling locations fulfilled the 100m x 100m sampling grid for high
sediment contamination level as stipulated in ETWB TCW No. 34/2002. The SI
works were conducted on 28 October 2016. The laboratory testing was carried out
by a HOKLAS accredited laboratory (Wellab Limited).
7.6.1.8
Sediment sampling was carried out using
surface grab and vibrocoring. The surface grab sediment was collected by closed
grab sampler. For vibrocoring, sediment was proposed to be collected at depths
of 0m, 0.9m down, 1.9m down, 2.9m down and then every 3m down until at least 1m
below the proposed dredging depth of -3.646 mPD.
7.6.1.9
Based on on-site observation, water depth
at the proposed sampling locations was shallow and the seabed within the
proposed dredging area were generally covered by sand and rocks. Given the
shallow water depth, there were difficulties in gaining access to the proposed
sampling locations by the sampling vessel and the sampling locations were
subsequently relocated to approximately 8m to 12m from the original locations. The
as-built sampling locations, namely DH-1, DH-2 and DH-3, as well as the latest
dredging extent are shown in Figure 7.1.
As discussed in Section 2.4.1.6, the dredging area is slightly larger
than that shown in the EIA Study Brief and the SSTP in order to achieve the
required dredging level. The as-built sampling locations are nonetheless within
the latest dredging extent for this EIA Study and are still within the proposed
100m x 100m sampling grid as proposed in the SSTP; these sampling locations are thus
considered representative to the proposed dredging extent.
7.6.1.10
Furthermore, due to the sandy and rocky
nature of the seabed in the area, core samples could not be collected and only
surface grab samples were taken at the 3 sampling locations.
7.6.1.11
In addition, a grab sample was also
collected from EPD’s routine marine sediment monitoring station PS6 at Port
Shelter on 29 October 2016 as the reference sediment sample.
Chemical and Biological Screening
7.6.1.12
Chemical screening of sediment samples
was carried out in accordance with the SSTP. Each sample was tested for
chemical screening with parameters as stated in ETWB TCW No. 34/2002.
7.6.1.13
A total of 4 samples had been collected
from the sampling locations (including the reference sample at marine sediment
monitoring station PS6) and tested for chemical screening. The chemical
screening results are attached in Appendix
7.3. Summary of chemical screening results
for the 3 samples taken from proposed dredging area is presented in Table 7.2.
7.6.1.14
Based on the chemical screening results, all
samples (including the reference sample) were identified as Category L
sediment.
Table 7.2
Summary of Chemical Screening Results
|
Category
|
Percentage
|
No. of Samples
|
|
Category L (equal to or below LCEL)
|
100%
|
4
|
|
Category M (above LCEL but equal to or below UCEL)
|
0%
|
0
|
|
Category H (above UCEL but equal to or below 10x
LCEL )
|
0%
|
0
|
|
Category H (above 10x LCEL)
|
0%
|
0
|
|
Total
|
100%
|
4
|
7.6.1.15
Since no Category M samples or Category H
samples with one or more contaminants exceed 10 times the Lower Chemical
Exceedance Level (LCEL) were identified, biological screening was not required
in accordance with ETWB TCW No. 34/2002.
Sediment Disposal Options and Quantities
7.6.1.16
Based on the re-sampling and testing
results in 2016, the collected sampling within the proposed dredging area is
Category L and the corresponding disposal option in accordance with ETWB TCW
No. 34/2002 is Type 1 – Open Sea Disposal. However, as discussed in Section
7.6.1.10,
only surface grab samples were able to be collected and tested and rocks/hard
materials were encountered at deeper depths. As a conservative approach, in
case some sediment were indeed encountered at lower depths (i.e. from 0.9m and
deeper), findings from the SQR-2007 were assumed in the quantities estimation
for these lower depths. Based on the
findings of the SQR-2007 and as shown in Table 7.1, some Type 2 Category H sediment was
encountered at the deeper depths. The testing results from each sampling
location were used to estimate the quantities of sediment categories within
their representative sampling grid (refer to Figure
7.1 for the sampling grid). The estimated
quantities from each 3 sampling grid is then summed up to determine the total
volume of sediment under each disposal type / sediment category.
7.6.1.17
Based on the above, the
total volume of sediment generated is estimated to be approximately 10,875 m3.
The estimated quantities for each disposal type are presented in Table 7.3.
Table 7.3 Estimated Quantities of Sediment under each Disposal
Option
|
Disposal
Option
|
Corresponding
Category
|
Estimated
In-situ Quantity (1) (m3)
|
|
Type 1 – Open Sea Disposal
|
Category L Sediment
|
9,740
|
|
Type 2 – Confined Marine Disposal
|
Category H Sediment
(does not require biological screening)
|
1,135
|
|
Total
|
10,875
|
7.6.1.18
The sediment would be disposed of at the designated marine disposal
areas according to ETWB TCW No. 34/2002. The disposal options for the
dredged sediment should follow the procedures in ETWB TCW No. 34/2002. The recommended
mitigation measures for marine disposal are discussed in Section 7.7.6. No adverse waste management implications are
anticipated if the recommended mitigation measures are implemented.
7.6.2
Construction and Demolition
Materials
7.6.2.1
C&D materials will be generated from
dredging, construction of landing facility and breakwater, improvement works at
lookout points and viewing platform and beautification and streetscape
improvement works. These C&D materials would largely comprise of inert
components, such as soil, artificial hard materials (AHM) (i.e. broken
concrete, asphalt, bitumen and granular materials, etc.), and rocks.
7.6.2.2
For dredging works discussed in Section
7.6.1, C&D materials generated will largely comprise of excavated rocks
(excluding dredged sediments). For the improvement works at the viewing
platform and lookout points, since plain concrete will have to be removed down
to required levels before recasting with higher grade concrete, the majority of
C&D materials generated will consist of excavated soil and concrete.
7.6.2.3
About 2,890m3 of inert C&D materials will be generated. Minimal non-inert C&D materials, at
470m3, is anticipated and should be properly stored and removed daily.
A designated stockpiling area should be assigned to facilitate the sorting of
inert and non-inert C&D materials and store the inert C&D materials for
subsequent backfilling. About 140m3 of fill materials will be reused
for backfilling. The surplus inert C&D materials will be transported to the
PFRF for reuse in other project sites. A summary of C&D materials generated
during construction phase is shown in Table 7.4.
7.6.2.4
Excavated rock will be sent to Tseung
Kwan O Area 137 Fill Bank via barge movements for disposal. Excavated soil
and artificial hard material will also be sent to Tseung Kwan O Area 137 Fill
Bank, via trucks. The Contractor should liaise with CEDD on the arrangement of
and obtain all necessary permits on disposal at the fill bank. Approximately 1
truck trip
per week and 3 barge trips
are required to transfer the excavated soil and artificial hard material, and
rock, respectively, to the fill bank throughout the 43-month period. Non-inert
materials, on the other hand, will be disposed of at NENT Landfill, requiring 1
truck trip per day.
7.6.2.5
As the construction works would be
conducted in phases, it is expected that the potential environmental impacts
arising from the handling and disposal of the inert C&D materials, such as
air and odour emissions, noise and potential hazard, could be minimised with
the implementation of appropriate measures.
Table 7.4
Summary of C&D Materials Quantities Generated
|
Works
|
Construction
Period
|
Quantities of
C&D Materials To be Generated (m3)(a)
|
|
Inert C&D
Material
|
Non-inert
C&D Material(b)
|
|
Excavated Soil & Artificial Hard Material(c)
|
Rock(d)
|
|
Landing Facility and Breakwater Construction
|
Q3 2019 -
Q4 2021
|
140
|
1,750
(from dredging)
|
350
|
|
Lookout Points Improvement
|
Q3 2019 -
Q4 2020
|
360
|
-
|
50
|
|
Viewing Platform Improvement
|
440
|
-
|
50
|
|
Beautification and Streetscape Works
|
Q3 2020 -
Q1 2023
|
200
|
-
|
20
|
|
Total Generation
|
1,140
|
1,750
|
470
|
|
Re-use
|
140
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total Volume to be disposed
|
1,000
|
1,750
|
470
|
|
Disposal Outlet
|
Tseung Kwan O Area 137 Fill Bank or other
reclamation sites
|
Tseung Kwan O Area 137 Fill Bank or other
reclamation sites
|
NENT Landfill
|
Notes:
(a)
All in-situ volume.
(b)
“Non-inert C&D material” includes, but not limited to,
bamboo, timber, paper and plastic, etc.
(c)
“Artificial hard materials” includes, but not limited to, broken
concrete, asphalt, bitumen and granular materials, etc.
(d)
“Rock” includes all grade rock from the underwater rock
excavation activity.
7.6.3.1
Chemical waste, as defined under the Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation, includes any substance
being scrap material, or unwanted substances specified under Schedule 1 of the
Regulation. A complete list of such substances is provided under the
Regulation; however, substances likely to be generated from dredging and
improvement works would, for the most part, arise from the maintenance of
equipment. These may include the following:
·
Used paint, engine oils, hydraulic fluids and waste
fuel from plant operation;
·
Spent mineral oils / cleaning fluids from plant
maintenance; and
·
Spent solvents / solutions, from equipment
maintenance.
7.6.3.2
Chemical waste may pose serious
environmental, health and safety hazards if not stored and disposed of in an
appropriate manner as outlined in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation and the Code of Practice on the Packaging,
Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes, i.e. posing adverse effects on
air, water and land upon spilling and creating fire hazards.
7.6.3.3
It is difficult to quantify the amount of
chemical waste that would arise from the construction activities since it would
depend on the Contractor’s on-site maintenance requirements and the amount of
plant utilised. However, it is anticipated that the quantity of chemical waste,
such as lubrication oil and solvent produced from plant maintenance, would be
minimal and in the order of few hundred litres per month. The amount of
chemical waste to be generated would be quantified in the Waste Management Plan
to be prepared by the Contractors. Approximately less than 5 truck trips
would be required during the 43-month construction period.
7.6.3.4
With the incorporation of suitable
arrangements for storage, handling, transportation and disposal of chemical
wastes in accordance with the requirements stated in the Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation and the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and
Storage of Chemical Wastes, adverse environmental (including air and odour
emissions, noise and wastewater discharge) and health impacts, and hazards will
be negligible.
7.6.4
General Refuse
7.6.4.1
During the construction phase of the
Project, the workforce will generate general refuse comprising food waste,
waste paper, empty containers, etc. Storage of general refuse may give rise to
adverse environmental impacts, such as windblown litter, odour, water and
visual impacts, if not properly managed. The site may also attract vermin and
pests if the waste containers are not cleaned or maintained properly and
frequently. In addition, disposal of waste at sites other than the approved waste
disposal facilities may lead to similar adverse environmental impacts to those
sites.
7.6.4.2
The maximum number of construction
workers is estimated be 80 workers to be presented on-site at any one time
during the construction phase of the Project. Based on a generation rate of
0.65 kg per worker per day, the maximum daily arising of general refuse during
the construction period would be approximately 52 kg.
7.6.4.3
In order to minimise the final disposal
quantities of general refuse, provision of sufficient number of recycling bins
for the collection of different types of recyclable waste (including paper,
aluminium cans, plastic bottles and glass bottles) and sufficient number of
general refuse bins for the collection of non-recyclable waste is recommended.
The Contractor should implement an education programme for workers relating to
avoiding, reducing, reusing and recycling of general refuse. A reputable
licensed collector should be employed to collect the general refuse on a daily
basis for disposal at North East New Territories (NENT) Landfill via Kwun Tong
Road and Fanling Highway. Given that the quantity of general refuse is small,
no adverse impact on the operation of the landfill is anticipated.
7.6.4.4
Mitigation and control requirements for
general refuse are detailed in Section 7.7.9. Provided that the
handling, storage and disposal of general refuse are in accordance with these
requirements, the potential waste management implications, including potential
hazards, air and odour emissions, noise and wastewater discharge, associated
with handling, storage and disposal of general refuse during the construction
phase of the Project are not expected.
7.6.5
Floating Refuse
7.6.5.1
It should be noted that floating refuse
within the East of Victoria Harbour is an existing phenomenon. It accounts for
21.1% of the total floating refuse collected by government departments,
non-government organisations and other relevant sources from 2010 to 2013. The record of floating refuse collected
by Marine Department’s (MD) contractor within the Project area is shown in Table 7.5. Floating refuse tends to accumulate
near the coastline as shoreline refuse as they will be drifted by wind and
tide, especially in summer, when the wind is blown from the southwest. Besides,
the quantity of floating refuse collected was higher in summer months as
watercourses and storm water drains carry refuse on land into the sea following
heavy rains and typhoons.
7.6.5.2
Base on the Project design, it is not
designed to generate any floating refuse; however, in view of the close
vicinity of the Project site to the Victoria Harbour, some refuse and debris
may be brought from the site into the sea unintentionally upon heavy rains or
typhoons. Floating refuse (i.e., food scraps, plastics, waste paper and empty
containers etc.) may also be generated by the construction workforce while
working along the coastline. Additionally, accidental losses of construction
materials and wastes when transporting to and fro the designated sites might
occur. Nevertheless, the amount of floating refuse generated from the Project
under these events is expected to be limited. Given that with the
implementation of the suggested mitigation measures detailed in Section 7.7,
the generation and accumulation of floating refuse within the Project area
during the construction phase would be minimised.
Table
7.5
Record of Floating Refuse Collected within the Lei Yue Mun Channel
|
Year
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Sep
|
Oct
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
Total
|
|
2014
|
33.3
|
31.4
|
36.4
|
37.7
|
41.6
|
45.8
|
45.9
|
43.0
|
38.8
|
39.4
|
36.3
|
32.7
|
462.3
|
|
2015
|
33.0
|
31.0
|
33.3
|
36.5
|
45.8
|
46.2
|
45.0
|
39.9
|
37.9
|
32.9
|
32.5
|
31.6
|
445.6
|
|
2016
|
31.2
|
29.1
|
32.0
|
32.9
|
36.4
|
42.6
|
44.1
|
45.4
|
37.4
|
33.6
|
33.4
|
31.3
|
428.4
|
Source: Marine Department
Notes:
1.
The
above quantity represents the floating refuse collected by MD’s contractor.
2.
The
above quantity is in units of tonnes.
7.6.5.3
As detailed in Section 7.6.7.1, it
is estimated that approximately 2.7m3 of floating refuse will be
collected from the newly constructed seawall during each year of construction.
7.6.5.4
Specialised refuse collection vessels
currently operate in Victoria Harbour to provide refuse scavenging and
collection service under the responsibility of the Pollution Control Unit of
MD. During the construction phase, the project proponent’s contractor will be
responsible for the collection of any refuse within their works area. With
implementation of proper refuse collection practice and the mitigation measures
as detailed in Section 7.7,
no adverse environmental impact with regard to floating refuse would be
anticipated during construction phase, or after completion of the Project.
Operation Phase
7.6.6
General Refuse
7.6.6.1
Under Project operation, it is
anticipated that the recreational activities from visitors will result in the
generation of a variety of general refuse comprising food waste, waste paper,
empty containers etc. that require disposal. However, with the provision of
regular and proper treatment and storage managed by suitable waste collectors,
the potential of intentional or accidental release to the surrounding
environment can be minimised.
7.6.6.2
The amounts of general refuse generation
during the operation phase is preliminary estimated based on the visitor
population as mentioned in Section 2.4.1.8. It was predicted to receive
an additional 7,910 visitors per month upon
operation. According to Monitoring of Solid Waste in Hong Kong – Waste
Statistics for 2016, 29.3% of the total municipal solid waste (MSW) was
commercial waste and the per capita MSW was 1.41kg/person/day. Considering that
the waste generated by visitors are commercial waste, the per capital waste
generation would be 0.41kg/person/day. Based on the additional number of
visitors and the per capita generation of commercial waste, around 107 kg of
general refuse would be generated daily during operation. Corresponding to this
waste volume and with a loading capacity of about 12 tonnes per refuse
collection vehicle (RCV), it can be estimated that up to around 1 vehicle-trip
per day would be needed for delivery of the general refuse by RCV to the
designated landfill site, which will be via Kwun Tong Road and Fanling Highway.
Given this small daily number of vehicle trips, the extra traffic loading on
Kwun Tong Road and Fanling Highway would be negligible.
7.6.6.3
As mentioned in Section 7.6.4, general refuse should be stored and managed in a proper manner to
avoid the generation of odour nuisance, visual impacts and the potential of
attracting vermin and pests. Provision of sufficient quantity of recycling bins
and general refuse bins is also necessary to minimise the final disposal
quantities of general refuse. With proper implementation of waste management
practices, the environmental impact (including potential hazard, air and odour
emissions, noise and wastewater discharge) from handling and disposal of
general refuse would not be anticipated.
7.6.7
Floating Refuse
7.6.7.1
With reference to the approved Tung Chung
New Town Extension EIA (AEIAR-196/2016), it is estimated that 11.5m3
of floating refuse would be collected from the 3.4km long artificial seawall.
Considering the total length of the seawall of this Project is 0.8km long, it
is anticipated that approximately 2.7m3 of floating refuse would be
collected every year. Floating refuse will be collected by regular operation of
MD’s contractor.
7.6.7.2
Upon operation, it is expected that the
established breakwater at the eastern extent of the development and the
increase in water depth would result in a notable tidal flows reduction at the
landing area. Floating refuse can be accumulated between the breakwater and the
existing shoreline to the west of the landing facility with regard to the
reduced flushing. However, unlike typhoon shelters, where usually with narrow
entrances, the Project area remains completely open to the main flows in the
Lei Yue Mun Narrows and is in close proximity to the main navigation channel.
Also, it is expected that there is no increased amount of jetsam entering the
landing area in response to the Project operation. As a result, it is
anticipated that the semi-enclosed water body upon Project operation would
maintain its relatively well flushed property despite the predicted low tidal
flow, therefore the problem arises from floating refuse accumulation is
considered insignificant.
7.6.8
Dredged Marine Sediments
7.6.8.1
It is anticipated that maintenance
dredging will be carried out every 5 to 10 years, subject to review by the
Engineer. The estimated quantity of dredged marine sediment is up to 3,056 m3
each time. The extent of dredging area within the project boundary will be
subjected to the result of the future bathymetric surveys.
7.6.8.2
The sediment would be disposed of at the
designated marine disposal areas according to ETWB TCW No. 34/2002. The disposal options for the dredged sediment
should be determined through sediment sampling and testing works and should
follow the procedures in ETWB TCW No. 34/2002. The recommended mitigation
measures for marine disposal are discussed in Section 7.7.13. No adverse
waste management implications are anticipated if the recommended mitigation
measures are implemented.
7.7
Mitigation of Adverse
Environmental Impacts
7.7.1.1
Significant impacts from waste are not
predicted, nonetheless, mitigation measures are required to ensure that proper
handling, storage, transportation and disposal of material are undertaken.
Measures will also be required to ensure that the generation of waste is
avoided and minimised where possible and that waste materials are recycled and
treated as far as practicable. Recommended mitigation measures for different
categories of waste are detailed below.
General
7.7.2.1
The waste management hierarchy has been
applied in the assessment and mitigation measures for waste management in
evaluation of desirability is shown in the following descending preferences:
·
Avoidance and minimisation of waste generation;
·
Reuse of materials as far as practicable;
·
Recovery and recycling of residual materials where
possible; and
·
Treatment and disposal of waste according to relevant
laws, guidelines and good practices.
7.7.2.2
Recommendations of good site practices
and waste reduction measures should be stated in order to achieve avoidance and
minimisation of waste generation in the waste management hierarchy. An
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and trip-ticket system are recommended for
monitoring management of waste. Specific measures targeting the mitigation of
impacts in works areas and the transportation of waste off-site should be
provided to minimise the potential impacts to the surrounding environment.
7.7.3
Good Site Practices
7.7.3.1
Good site practices will be included in
the construction contract requirements to be prepared during the detailed
design stage of the development by the Contractor. Adverse waste management
implications are not expected provided that good site practices are strictly
implemented. The following good site practices are recommended during the
construction phase:
·
Nomination of an approved person, such as a site
manager, to be responsible for good site practices;
·
Training of site personnel in site cleanliness, proper
waste management and chemical handling procedures;
·
Provision of sufficient waste disposal points and
regular collection of waste for disposal;
·
Adoption of appropriate measures to minimise windblown
litter and dust during handling, transportation and disposal of waste; and
·
Preparation of a WMP in accordance with the ETWB TCW
No. 19/2005 Environmental Management on Construction Sites and submitted it to
the Engineer for approval.
7.7.4
Waste Reduction Measures
7.7.4.1
Amount of waste generation can be
significantly reduced through good management and control. Waste reduction is
best achieved by proper planning and design at the planning and design phases,
as well as by ensuring the implementation of good site practices. The following
recommendations are proposed to achieve waste reduction:
·
Segregate and store different types of waste in
different containers, skips or stockpiles to enhance reuse or recycling of
materials and their proper disposal;
·
Adopt proper storage and site practices to minimise
the potential for damage to, and contamination of, construction materials;
·
Plan the delivery and stock of construction materials
carefully to minimise the amount of waste generated;
·
Sort out demolition debris and excavated materials
from demolition works to recover reusable / recyclable portions (i.e. soil,
rock, broken concrete, etc.);
·
Maximise the use of reusable steel formwork to reduce
the amount of C&D materials;
·
Minimise over ordering of concrete, mortars and cement
grout by doing careful check before ordering; and
·
Adopt pre-cast construction method instead of
cast-in-situ method for construction of concrete structure as far as possible.
7.7.5.1
Storage of materials on-site may induce
adverse environmental impacts if not properly managed. The following
recommendations should be implemented to minimise the impacts:
·
Waste, such as soil, should be handled and stored well
to ensure secure containment, thus minimising the potential of pollution;
·
Maintain and clean storage areas routinely;
·
Stockpiling area should be provided with covers and
water spraying system to prevent materials from being wind-blown or washed
away; and
·
Different locations should be designated to stockpile
each material to enhance reuse.
7.7.5.2
Waste hauler with appropriate permits
should be employed by the Contractor for the collection and transportation of
waste from works areas to respective disposal outlets. The following
recommendation should be implemented to minimise the impacts:
·
Remove waste in timely manner;
·
Employ the trucks with cover or enclosed containers
for waste transportation;
·
Obtain relevant waste disposal permits from the
appropriate authorities; and
·
Dispose of waste at licensed waste disposal
facilities.
Construction Phase
7.7.6
Dredged Marine Sediments
7.7.6.1
The sediment should be dredged, handled,
transported and disposed of in a manner that would minimise adverse
environmental impacts.
7.7.6.2
Requirements of the Air Pollution Control
(Construction Dust) Regulation, where relevant, shall be adhered to during
dredging, transportation and disposal of the sediment.
7.7.6.3
In order to minimise the exposure to
contaminated materials, workers shall, if necessary, wear appropriate personal
protective equipment (PPE) when handling contaminated
sediments. Adequate washing and cleaning facilities shall also be
provided on site.
7.7.6.4
For off-site disposal, the basic
requirements and procedures specified under ETWB TCW No. 34/2002 shall be
followed. Marine
Fill Committee (MFC) of CEDD is managing the disposal facilities in Hong Kong
for the dredged sediment, while EPD is the authority of issuing marine dumping
permit under the Dumping at Sea Ordinance (DASO). The rationale for sediment
removal/disposal should be submitted to MFC/CEDD for agreement in accordance
with ETWB TCW No. 34/2002.
7.7.6.5
For the purpose of site allocation and
application of marine dumping permit, separate SSTP may need to be submitted to
EPD for agreement under DASO. Additional SI works, based on the SSTP, may need
to be carried out in order to confirm the disposal arrangements of the dredged
sediment. A Sediment Quality Report
(SQR), reporting the chemical and biological screening results and the
estimated quantities of sediment under different disposal options, may then
need to be submitted to EPD for agreement under DASO.
7.7.6.6
To ensure disposal space is allocated for
the Project, the Project Proponent should be responsible for obtaining
agreement from MFC on the allocation of the disposal site. The contractor(s),
on the other hand, should be responsible for the application of the marine
dumping permit under DASO from EPD for the sediment disposal.
7.7.6.7
The dredged sediments are expected to be
loaded onto the barge and transported to the designated disposal sites
allocated by MFC. The dredged sediment
would be disposed of according to its determined disposal options and ETWB TCW
No. 34/2002.
7.7.6.8
Stockpiling of contaminated sediments
should be avoided as far as possible. If temporary stockpiling of contaminated
sediments is necessary, the dredged sediment should be covered by tarpaulin and
the area should be placed within earth bunds or sand bags to prevent leachate
from entering the ground, nearby drains and surrounding water bodies. The
stockpiling areas should be completely paved or covered by linings in order to
avoid contamination to underlying soil or groundwater. Separate and clearly defined
areas should be provided for stockpiling of contaminated and uncontaminated
materials. Leachate, if any, should be
collected and discharged according to the Water Pollution Control Ordinance
(WPCO).
7.7.6.9
In order to minimise the potential odour
/ dust emissions during dredging and transportation of the sediment, the
dredged sediments shall be wetted during dredging / material handling and shall
be properly covered when placed on trucks or barges. Loading of the dredged
sediment to the barge shall be controlled to avoid splashing and overflowing of
the sediment slurry to the surrounding water.
7.7.6.10
The barge transporting the sediments to
the designated disposal sites shall be equipped with tight fitting seals to
prevent leakage and shall not be filled to a level that would cause overflow of
materials or laden water during loading or transportation. In addition,
monitoring of the barge loading shall be conducted to ensure that loss of
material does not take place during transportation. Transport barges or vessels
shall be equipped with automatic self-monitoring devices as specified under
DASO authority.
7.7.7
Construction and Demolition
Materials
7.7.7.1
In order to monitor, document and verify
the disposal of C&D materials at landfills and public fill reception
facilities, as appropriate, and to control fly tipping, a trip-ticket system in
accordance with DEVB TC(W) No. 6/2010 Trip Ticket System for Disposal of
Construction and Demolition Materials should be implemented.
7.7.7.2
The C&D materials generated from
dredging, lookout points excavation works, and landing facility and carp-shaped
platform construction works should be segregated from other waste to avoid
contamination and ensure acceptability at the public fill reception facilities
or reclamation sites. They should be sorted on-site into inert C&D
materials (that is, public fill) and non-inert C&D materials. To minimise
the impact resulting from collection and transportation of C&D materials as
far as practicable, non-inert C&D materials, such as wood, plastic, steel
and other metals should be reused or recycled and, as a last resort, disposed
to landfill. A suitable area should be designated within the site for temporary
stockpiling of C&D materials and to facilitate the sorting process. Within
the stock pile areas, the following measures should be taken to control
potential environmental impacts or nuisance:
·
Waste such as soil should be handled and stored well
to ensure secure containment;
·
Covering materials during heavy rainfall;
·
Stockpiling area should be provided with covers and
water spraying system to prevent materials from wind-blown or being washed
away;
·
Locating stockpiles to minimise potential visual
impacts; and
·
Minimising land intake of stockpile area as far as
possible.
7.7.7.3
The Contractor should be responsible for
devising a system to work for on-site sorting of C&D materials. It is
recommended that the system should include the identification of the source of
generation, estimated quantity of waste generated, arrangement for on-site
sorting and / or collection, designated stockpiling areas, frequency of
collection by recycling contractors and frequency of removal off-site.
7.7.7.4
All dusty materials should be sprayed with water prior to any loading,
unloading or transfer operation so as to maintain the dusty materials wet.
7.7.8
Chemical Waste
7.7.8.1
If chemical waste is produced at the
construction site, the Contractor will be required to register with the EPD as
a chemical waste producer and to follow the guidelines stated in the Code of
Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes.
Chemical waste should be stored in appropriate containers and collected by a
licensed chemical waste collector. Chemical waste (e.g. spent lubricant oil)
should be disposed of at either the CWTC, or another licensed facility, in
accordance with the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation.
7.7.9.1
General refuse should be stored in
enclosed bins separately from construction and chemical waste. Recycling bins
should also be placed to encourage recycling. Enclosed and covered areas should
be provided preferably for general refuse collection and routine cleaning for
these areas should also be implemented to keep areas clean. A reputable waste
collector should be employed to remove general refuse on a daily basis. It is
expected that such arrangements would minimise potential environmental impacts.
7.7.10
Floating Refuse
7.7.10.1
Apart from collecting and storing waste
with good waste management practice on site to avoid having waste transported
to sea under extreme weather conditions. Contractor for capital dredging should
be responsible for the collection of refuse, if any, within the works area.
Contractor shall collect and remove floating refuse at regular intervals on a
daily basis to keep water within the site boundary and the neighbouring water
free from rubbish during the construction phase. In case of floating refuse is
identified, a waste collection vessel is needed to remove the floating
materials and eventually store and dispose of together with the general refuse,
after separating the recyclables for recycling, at North East New Territories
Landfill (NENT) via Kwun Tong Road and Fanling Highway.
7.7.10.2
Meanwhile, construction workforce have to
be properly educated and adequate general refuse bins should be provided on
site to further minimise the potential of contaminating marine environment.
Operation Phase
7.7.11
General Refuse
7.7.11.1
Same mitigation measures as suggested in
Section 7.7.9 should be followed.
7.7.12
Floating Refuse
7.7.12.1
Sufficient general refuse and recycling
bins should be provided respectively. Meanwhile, the general refuse collection
areas should be enclosed and covered properly to avoid potential losses of
waste to the adjacent watercourses.
7.7.12.2
Refuse scavenging and collection service
will be provided by the Contractor of Marine Department (MD) under existing
Contract.
7.7.13
Dredged Marine Sediments
7.7.13.1
Same mitigation measures as recommended
in Section 7.7.6 should be followed.
7.7.13.2
Table 7.6 provides a summary of the various waste
types likely to be generated during the construction works and operation of the
Project, together with the recommended handling and disposal methods.