6.1.1.1
This section identifies the
type of wastes that are likely to be generated from the construction activities
of the Project, based on their sequence and duration, and evaluates the
potential environmental impacts that may result from waste generated. Mitigation measures and good site
practices, including waste handling, storage and disposal, have been
recommended with reference to applicable waste legislation and management
guidelines. It is expected that no
waste will be generated during the operation phase of the Project. As such, it is considered that there
should be no adverse environmental impacts.
6.1.1.2
Mitigation measures and good
site practices regarding the waste handling, storage, collection and disposal
are recommended with reference to relevant waste legislation and guidelines.
6.2.1
General
6.2.1.1
The criteria and guidelines for
assessing waste management implications are outlined in Annex 7 and 15
respectively in the Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process
(EIAO-TM).
6.2.1.2
The following legislation
relates to the handling, treatment and disposal of wastes in the Hong Kong
Special Administrative Region (SAR):
·
Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap.
354);
·
Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation (Cap. 354C);
·
Waste Disposal (Charges for
Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N);
·
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance (Cap. 28); and
·
Public Health and Municipal
Services Ordinance – Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation
(Cap. 132BK)
Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354)
6.2.1.3
The Waste Disposal Ordinance
(WDO) prohibits the unauthorized disposal of wastes. Construction waste is defined under Cap.
354N of the WDO as any substance, matter or thing that is generated and abandoned
from construction works regardless if it has been processed or stockpiled
before being abandoned, excluding sludge, screenings or any matter removed or
generated from desludging, desilting or dredging works. Under WDO, waste can be disposed of only
at designated waste disposal facilities licensed by the Environmental
Protection Department (EPD).
Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation (Cap.354C)
6.2.1.4
Under the WDO, the Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation legislates controls over the
management of chemical waste, and applies to the possession, storage,
collection, transport and disposal of chemical waste. EPD has also issued A
Guide to the Chemical Waste Control Scheme (2016), A Guide to the Registration of
Chemical Waste Producers (2016) and Code of Practice on the Packaging,
Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992), which provide guidance for
complying with the requirements of the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation on the packaging, labelling and storage of chemical waste.
Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal
of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N)
6.2.1.5
Under the Waste Disposal
(Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation enacted in January
2006, construction waste delivered to a landfill for disposal must not contain
more than 50% by weight of inert material. Construction waste delivered to a sorting
facility for disposal must contain more than 50% by weight of inert material,
and construction waste delivered to a Public Fill Reception Facility (PFRF) for
disposal must consist entirely of inert material.
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance (Cap. 28)
6.2.1.6
The inert portion of
Construction and Demolition (C&D) materials (including rocks, soil, broken
concrete, building debris etc.) may be taken to PFRFs. PFRFs usually form part of land
reclamation schemes and are operated by the Civil Engineering and Development
Department (CEDD) and others. The
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance requires that individuals or
companies who deliver public fill to the PFRFs are required to obtain Dumping
Licences. The licences are issued
by CEDD under delegated authority from the Director of Lands.
Public Health and Municipal Services
Ordinance – Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation (Cap.
132BK)
6.2.1.7
The Public Cleansing and
Prevention of Nuisances Regulation provides control on illegal dumping of
wastes on unauthorized / unlicensed sites. The illegal dumping of wastes can lead to
a fine and/or imprisonment.
6.2.2
Other Relevant Environmental
Guidelines
6.2.2.1
Other environmental relevant
circulars/guidelines applicable to waste management practices for this Project
include:
·
Works Branch Technical Circular
(WBTC) No. 2/93 Public Dumps;
·
WBTC No. 2/93B Public Filling
Facilities;
·
WBTC No. 12/2000 Fill
Management;
·
WBTC No. 19/2001 Metallic Site
Hoardings and Signboards;
·
WBTC No. 12/2002 Specifications
Facilitating the Use of Recycled Aggregates;
·
Environment, Transport and
Works Bureau Technical Circular (Works) (ETWB TCW) No. 33/2002 Management of
Construction and Demolition Material Including Rock;
·
ETWB TCW No. 19/2005
Environmental Management on Construction Sites;
·
Development Bureau Technical
Circular (Works) (DevB TCW) No. 06/2010 Trip-ticket
System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition Material;
·
DevB TCW No. 08/2010 Enhanced Specification for Site Cleanliness and
Tidiness;
·
DevB TCW No. 09/2011 Enhanced Control measures for Management of Public
Fill;
·
Code of Practice on the
Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (EPD);
·
A Guide to the Chemical Waste
Control Scheme (EPD);
·
Section 4.1.3 of Chapter 4 of
the Project Administration Handbook (PAH) for Civil Engineering Works,
Management of Construction/Demolition Materials including Rocks.
6.2.2.2
The WBTC No. 2/93 ‘Public
Dumps’ documents the current policy related to the disposal of C&D
materials. C&D materials that
are wholly inert, i.e. public fill, should be taken to PFRFs for reuse instead
of being disposed of at landfill.
6.2.2.3
Under DevB
TCW No. 6/2010 ‘Trip Ticket System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition
Materials’, for all contracts that are expected to generate inert C&D
materials requiring disposal from site, the project office shall write to the
Public Fill Committee (PFC) through Secretary of the PFC to request a
designated disposal ground for incorporation into the tender documents. For contracts where the estimated amount
of non-inert C&D materials requiring disposal at landfill facilities equals
to or exceeds 50 m3, the project office shall seek confirmation from
the Director of Environmental Protection (DEP) in terms of the availability of
landfill facilities for disposal of such materials and the DEP will designate
landfill facilities, if available, for the contracts. For contracts where the estimated amount
of non-inert C&D materials to be generated from the contract is less than
50 m3, the project office is not required to apply to DEP for
designated landfill facilities but it should still specify in the tender
documents of the appropriate landfill facilities for disposal.
6.2.2.4
Further measures have been
introduced under Paragraph 4.1.3 of Chapter 4 of the PAH for Civil Engineering
Works to enhance the management of C&D materials, and to minimize its
generation at source. The
enhancement measures include:
·
Drawing up a Construction and
Demolition Materials Management Plan (C&DMMP) at an early design stage to
minimize C&D materials generation and to encourage proper management of
such materials;
·
Vetting of the C&DMMP prior
to upgrading of the project to Category A in the Public Works Programme; and
·
Providing the contractor with
information from the C&DMMP in order to facilitate the preparation of Waste
Management Plan (WMP) and to minimize C&D materials generation during
construction.
6.2.2.5
The ETWB TCW No. 19/2005
Environmental Management on Construction Sites introduces additional measures
to enhance waste management on construction sites. The circular sets out the policies and
procedures that require the contractors to prepare and implement an
Environmental Management Plan (EMP), which includes the WMP to encourage
on-site sorting of C&D materials and to minimize generation of C&D
materials during the course of construction.
6.3.1.1
The Project site is situated
within part of the WKCD area and across the toll plaza of the Western Harbour
Crossing (WHC). The western
boundaries of the study area are at the side of the WKCD Waterfront Promenade
to the west of the WHC toll plaza, while the eastern boundaries of the study
area are at the side of the Austin Road West / Nga Cheung Road roundabout. Part of the Project site encroaches existing
at-grade carriageways including a section of Museum Drive and slip road of West
Kowloon Highway, which would undergo demolition in the Project.
6.4.1
Construction Phase
6.4.1.1
The construction of the Project
would be divided into Phase 1 (construction works of new exit road within WKCD
area) and Phase 2 (construction works of new exit road within WHC area and construction
works of WHC flyover within WHC area).
Phase 1 construction would be carried out from Q2 2022 to Q4 2024, and
Phase 2 from Q1 2023 to Q3 2025 tentatively. The phases of construction works are
illustrated in Figure 2.8. The construction activities to be
carried out for the Project include demolition of the existing carriageways, site
clearance / set-up / plant mobilization and underground utilities protection
and diversion works, piling works, pile cap / pier / abutment construction,
falsework and deck construction, and drainage and pavement construction. All the construction activities would be
conducted on site and no off-site works area within Hong Kong would be
involved. It is anticipated that no
excavated/dredged sediment would arise from the Project during construction
phases of the Project. The types of wastes associated with these activities
include
·
C&D materials from demolition
of the existing carriageways;
·
C&D materials from site
clearance / set-up / plant mobilization and underground utilities protection
and diversion works, piling works, pile cap / pier / abutment construction;
·
C&D materials from falsework
and deck construction;
·
C&D materials from drainage
and pavement construction;
·
Chemical waste; and
·
General refuse.
6.4.2
Operation
Phase
6.4.2.1
No wastes are expected to be
generated during the operation of the Project.
6.5.1.1
The assessment of the potential
waste management implications during the construction and operation phases of
the Project has been conducted in accordance with Annexes 7 and 15 of the
EIAO-TM, including the following tasks:
·
Estimation of the types and
quantities of the wastes generated;
·
Evaluation of opportunities for
waste reduction and re-use;
·
Identification of disposal
options for each type of wastes;
·
Assessment of potential
environmental impacts arising from the waste management with respect of potential
hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge, and public
transport; and
·
Assessment of impacts on the
capacity of waste collection, transfer and disposal facilities.
6.5.1.2
Prior to considering the
disposal options for various types of waste, opportunities for reducing waste
generation, on-site or off-site reuse and recycling have been evaluated in Section
6.7.3.1. Measures which can be taken in the
planning and design phases (e.g. by modifying the design approach) and in the
construction phase for maximizing waste reduction have been separately
considered. According to Section 2.8, the extent of excavation and therefore the waste generation was
minimized during the planning and design phases. According to Section 2.10, pre-cast
construction method would be opted for as far as possible, resulting to less
waste generation on site. Practices
to promote segregation of waste materials are additionally considered for
advancing the waste management efficiency.
6.5.1.3
After considering all the
opportunities for reducing waste generation and maximizing reuse, the types and
quantities of the waste required to be disposed of have been estimated and the
disposal options for each type of waste have been described. The disposal method recommended for each
type of waste has taken into account the result of the
assessment. The impacts caused by
handling (including stockpiling, labelling, packaging and storage), collection
and reuse / disposal of waste have been addressed and appropriate mitigation
measures have been proposed.
6.6
Prediction and Evaluation of Waste Management Implications
6.6.1.1
C&D materials would be
generated from the construction works of the Project such as demolition of the existing carriageways, site clearance/set-up/plant
mobilization, underground utilities protection and diversion works, piling
works, pile cap/pier/abutment construction, falsework/deck construction, and drainage
and pavement construction. The
C&D materials would comprise both inert C&D materials (i.e. public fill
including soil, rock, concrete, asphalt, bentonite slurry, etc.) and non-inert
C&D materials (i.e. timber). Improper
handling, collection, transportation and reuse/disposal of C&D materials would
give rise to adverse environmental impacts such as potential hazard, air and
odour emissions, noise and wastewater discharge, and public transport impact. During general layout design, devising
construction method described in Section 2.8 and Section 2.10
and planning of construction programme,
considerations have been given to minimize the generation of inert C&D
materials and maximize the use of these generated inert C&D materials for
other construction works.
6.6.1.2
Based on the latest design
information, it was estimated that the volume of C&D materials generated
would be 9,550 m3 for Phase 1 (9,400 m3 inert materials
and 150 m3 non-inert materials) and
4,750 m3 for Phase 2 (4,600 m3 inert materials and 150 m3
non-inert materials). However, it
should be noted that these quantities are initial estimates only and would need
to be further reviewed and updated as the design progresses.
6.6.1.3
Around 3,600 m3 and
2,800 m3 of inert C&D materials from Phase 1 and Phase 2
respectively, mainly soft public fill and large rocks, could be reused on site
as backfill materials. Imported
fill is not required for the Project works. A summary of the C&D materials
estimates during construction phase is shown in Table
6.1.
Table 6.1 Estimated
Quantities of C&D Materials during Construction Phase
|
Type of Construction
|
Inert C&D Materials (m3)
|
Non-inert C&D Materials (m3)
|
Total C&D Materials (m3)
|
|
Inert C&D Materials to be Reused
|
Inert C&D Materials to be Disposed of
|
|
Phase 1
|
|
Demolition of existing carriageways
|
0
|
800
|
0
|
800
|
|
Site clearance / set-up / plant mobilization, underground
utilities protection and diversion works, piling works, pile cap / pier / abutment
construction
|
3,600
|
4,700
|
70
|
8,370
|
|
Falsework / deck construction
|
0
|
0
|
80
|
80
|
|
Drainage and pavement construction
|
0
|
300
|
0
|
300
|
|
Total (Phase 1)
|
3,600
|
5,800
|
150
|
9,550
|
|
Phase 2
|
|
Site clearance / set-up / plant mobilization, underground utilities
protection and diversion works, piling works, pile cap/pier/abutment
construction
|
2,800
|
1,600
|
60
|
4,460
|
|
Falsework / deck construction
|
0
|
0
|
90
|
90
|
|
Drainage and pavement construction
|
0
|
200
|
0
|
200
|
|
Total (Phase 2)
|
2,800
|
1,800
|
150
|
4,750
|
|
Total
(Phase 1 + Phase 2)
|
6,400
|
7,600
|
300
|
14,300
|
Note:
[1]
All in-situ volume
Demolition
of Existing Carriageways
6.6.1.4
To facilitate the construction
of the Project, the existing carriageways would be demolished in Phase 1 of
construction. It was assumed that
the wearing course, base course and road base of the road would be demolished. The demolition works would generate
inert C&D materials, which are mainly asphalt, as summarized in Table
6.2
Table 6.2 C&D
Materials Generated from Demolition of Existing Carriageways
|
Phase of Construction
|
Inert C&D Materials (m3)
|
Non-inert C&D Materials (m3)
|
|
Asphalt and Bentonite Slurry
|
Others Excluding Asphalt and Bentonite Slurry
|
|
Phase 1
|
800
|
0
|
0
|
Site Clearance/Set-up/Plant Mobilization,
Underground Utilities Protection and Diversion Works, Piling Works, Pile
Cap/Pier/Abutment Construction
6.6.1.5
Site clearance / set-up / plant
mobilization, underground utilities protection and diversion works, piling works,
pile cap/pier/abutment construction in Phase 1 and Phase 2 of construction would
generate inert C&D materials, which are mainly soft public fill and large
rock, and non-inert C&D materials, which are mainly timber formwork for
pile cap/pier/abutment construction. In addition, grouting would be involved
mainly during the pile foundation and underground utilities protection. The waste generated is summarized in Table
6.3.
Table 6.3 C&D
Materials Generated from Site Clearance / Set-up / Plant Mobilization,
Underground Utilities Protection and Diversion Works, Piling Works, Pile Cap / Pier
/ Abutment Construction
|
Phase of Construction
|
Inert C&D Materials (m3)
|
Non-inert C&D Materials (m3)
|
|
Asphalt and Bentonite Slurry
|
Others Excluding Asphalt and Bentonite Slurry
|
|
Phase 1
|
400
|
7,900
|
70
|
|
Phase 2
|
250
|
4,150
|
60
|
6.6.1.6
Backfilling of soil would be
required. Around 3,600 m3 and 2,800 m3 of inert C&D
materials generated from Phase 1 and Phase 2 respectively would be reused on
site as backfill materials.
Falsework
/ Deck Construction
6.6.1.7
The falsework and construction
of the new exit road bridge and WHC flyover would generate non-inert C&D
materials, which are mainly timber formwork for bridge deck construction, as
summarized in Table
6.4.
Table 6.4 C&D
Materials Generated from Falsework / Deck Construction
|
Phase of Construction
|
Inert C&D Materials (m3)
|
Non-inert C&D Materials (m3)
|
|
Asphalt and Bentonite Slurry
|
Others Excluding Asphalt and Bentonite Slurry
|
|
Phase 1
|
0
|
0
|
80
|
|
Phase 2
|
0
|
0
|
90
|
Drainage
and Pavement Construction
6.6.1.8
The drainage and pavement
construction works would generate inert C&D materials, which are mainly
asphalt and bentonite slurry generated during the road paving activity. The amount
of waste generated is
summarized in Table
6.5.
Table 6.5 C&D
Materials Generated from Drainage and Pavement Construction
|
Phase of
Construction
|
Inert C&D
Materials (m3)
|
Non-inert C&D
Materials (m3)
|
|
Asphalt and Bentonite
Slurry
|
Others Excluding Asphalt
and Bentonite Slurry
|
|
Phase 1
|
300
|
0
|
0
|
|
Phase 2
|
200
|
0
|
0
|
6.6.1.9
For inert C&D materials,
they would be reused on-site as far as practicable subject to the review of
detailed design stage before exported off site for reuse at other concurrent
projects or delivered to PFRF for beneficial use in other projects. For non-inert C&D materials, upon
exhaustion of reuse/ recycling effort, they would be delivered to
landfills. A stockpiling area
should be assigned to facilitate the sorting of inert and non-inert C&D
materials and store the inert C&D materials for subsequent backfilling. Subject to actual on-site condition, the
tentative stockpiling area is located at the existing pet park next to New Yau
Ma Tei Public Cargo Working
Area, as shown in Figure
6.1.
6.6.1.10
The non-inert C&D materials
would be disposed of at the South East New Territories (SENT) Landfill while
surplus inert C&D materials (general fill) would be transported to Chai Wan
Public Fill Barging Point (CWBP) and surplus inert C&D materials (asphalt
and bentonite slurry)
to Tseung Kwan O Area 137 Fill Bank (TKOFB) or other
construction sites with potential fill demand. The Contractor should liaise with CEDD
on the arrangement of and obtain all necessary permits on disposal at the fill
bank and enquire with the EPD on the availability of landfill and acceptability
of the waste. Considering that the
total quantity of C&D materials generated are relatively small, the amount
of C&D materials to be generated daily is anticipated to be small, and the
collection, transfer and disposal facilities would be able to cater for the
C&D materials to be disposed of.
Construction works would be carried out in different phases and no more
than 1 type of construction waste would be generated per day. Therefore, the disposal of C&D
materials would require about 2 trucks per day. With the implementation of measures
recommended in Section 6.7.5, no adverse environmental
impacts (including potential hazard, air and odour emissions, noise and
wastewater discharge) and public transport impact caused by handling, collection,
transportation and reuse/disposal of C&D materials are expected. In addition, the total
quantity of C&D materials generated is relatively small, the amount of
C&D materials to be generated daily is anticipated to be small, and the
collection, transfer and disposal facilities would be able to cater for the
C&D materials to be disposed.
Chemical Waste
6.6.1.11
The maintenance and servicing
of construction plant and equipment may generate a negligibly small amount of
chemical wastes including:
·
Used paint, engine oils,
hydraulic fluids and waste fuel from plant operation;
·
Spent mineral oils / cleaning
fluids from plant maintenance; and
·
Spent solvents / solutions,
from equipment maintenance.
6.6.1.12
Chemical waste may pose serious
environmental, health and safety hazards if not stored and disposed of in an
appropriate manner as outlined in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation and the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of
Chemical Wastes, i.e. posing adverse effects on air, water and land upon
spilling and creating fire hazards.
6.6.1.13
It is difficult to quantify the
amount of chemical waste that would arise from the construction activities
since it would depend on the Contractor’s on-site maintenance requirements and
the amount of plant utilized. However,
it is anticipated that the quantity of chemical waste, such as lubrication oil
and solvent produced from plant maintenance, would be small to in the order of
a few hundred litres per month. The
amount of chemical waste to be generated would be quantified in the WMP, as a
part of the EMP, to be prepared by the Contractors.
6.6.1.14
With the incorporation of
suitable arrangements for storage, handling, transportation and disposal of
chemical wastes in accordance with the requirements stated in the Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation and the Code of Practice on the
Packaging, Labelling and Storage of
Chemical Wastes, adverse environmental (including potential hazard, air and
odour emissions, noise and wastewater discharge) and public transport impact will
be negligible. In addition, since
the amount of chemical waste generated is relatively small, the collection,
transfer and disposal facilities would be able to cater for the chemical waste
to be disposed.
General Refuse
6.6.1.15
General refuse comprising
general site wastes, such as food scraps, waste paper, empty containers etc.
would be generated by workforce during the construction phase. Improper collection and removal of
general refuse would give rise to hygiene problems and adverse environmental
impacts to local residents, e.g. odour impacts, and contamination of the nearby
watercourses.
6.6.1.16
The maximum number of
construction workers to be working on site at any one time was estimated to be
about 60. Based on a generation
rate of 0.65 kg per worker per day, approximately 39 kg of general refuse would
be generated daily during the construction period. It is expected that the general refuse
from construction sites would be disposed of separately from the non-inert
C&D materials at West New Territories (WENT) landfill. Given the quantity of general refuse to
be disposed of at landfill would be small, no adverse impact on the operation
of landfill would be anticipated.
6.6.1.17
In order to minimize the final
disposal quantities of general refuse, provision of sufficient number of
recycling bins for the collection of different types of recyclable waste
(including paper, aluminium cans, plastic and glass bottles) and sufficient
number of general refuse bins for the collection of non-recyclable waste is
recommended. The Contractor should
implement an education programme for worker relating to avoiding, reducing,
reusing and recycling of general refuse.
6.6.1.18
The general refuse would be
collected on site on a regular basis, separately from C&D materials by an
appropriate waste collector to be employed by the Contractor. Prior to disposal off site, such refuse
will be temporarily put in suitably covered storage areas / bins where they
will have to be regularly cleaned and maintained to avoid attracting vermin and
pests. With proper on-site handling
and storage as well as regular disposal of the wastes, no unacceptable hygiene
problems and environmental impacts (e.g. odour impacts and contamination of the
nearby watercourses) would be anticipated.
In addition, since the amount of general refuse generated is relatively
small, the collection, transfer and disposal facilities would be able to cater
for the general refuse to be disposed. Recommendations of mitigation measures
for managing general refuse are presented in Section 6.7.7.
Transportation Arrangement for Waste Disposal during Construction Phase
6.6.1.19
Land transport should be used
to deliver and dispose of the waste generated from the Project area to the
designated disposal outlets. Referring
to Section 6.6.1.10, it is expected there will
be about 2 trucks per day for transporting waste during the construction phase
of the Project. The tentative
transportation routings for the disposal of various types of wastes generated
during the construction phase of the Project are shown in Table 6.6. No barging points or conveyor systems would
be established in the Project area. The transportation routings may change
subject to the actual traffic conditions of the roads. Nevertheless, with the implementation of
appropriate mitigation measures (e.g. using water-tight containers and covered
trucks), no adverse environmental impacts are expected due to the
transportation of waste.
Table
6.6 Tentative
Transportation Routings for Waste Disposal During Construction Phase
|
Disposal Outlet
|
Type of Waste
|
Tentative
Transportation Routing
|
|
South East New Territories Landfill
|
Non-inert C&D Materials
|
Via Lin Cheung Road, West Kowloon Highway, Ching Cheung Road,
Kwun Tong Road, TKO Tunnel Road, Wan Po Road
|
|
West New Territories Landfill
|
General Refuse
|
Via Lin Cheung Road, West Kowloon Highway, Tsing Kwai Highway, Tuen Mun Road,
Lung Fu Road, Lung Mun Road, Nim Wan Road
|
|
Chai Wan Public Fill Barging Point
|
Inert C&D Materials (excluding asphalt and bentonite slurry)
|
Via Lin Cheung Road, West Harbour
Crossing tunnel and Central Wanchai Bypass, Island
Eastern Corridor, Wing Tai Road
|
|
Tseung Kwan O
Area 137 Fill Bank
|
Inert C&D Materials (Asphalt and bentonite slurry)
|
Via Lin Cheung Road, West Kowloon Highway, Ching Cheung Road,
Kwun Tong Road, TKO Tunnel Road, Wan Po Road
|
|
Chemical Waste Treatment Facility
|
Chemical Waste
|
Via Lin Cheung Road, West Kowloon Highway, Tsing Kwai Highway, Kwai Tsing Road,
Tsing Yi Road
|
6.6.2
Operation Phase
6.6.2.1
It is expected that no waste
will be generated during the operation phase of the Project. As such, it is considered that there
should be no adverse environmental impacts.
6.7
Mitigation of Adverse
Environmental Impacts
6.7.1
Waste Management Hierarchy
6.7.1.1
The waste management hierarchy
has been applied in the assessment and development of mitigation measures for
waste which aims at evaluating the desirability of waste management methods and
includes the followings in descending preference:
·
Avoidance and reduction of
waste generation;
·
Reuse of materials as far as
practicable;
·
Recovery and recycling of
residual materials where possible; and
·
Treatment and disposal
according to relevant laws, guidelines and good practices.
6.7.1.2
Based on the waste management
hierarchy, waste reduction measures are recommended as follows to reduce
impacts and costs arisen from the Project. Recommendations of good site practices and
waste reduction measures would be stated in order to achieve avoidance and
minimization of waste generation in the hierarchy. EMP and trip-ticket system are
recommended for monitoring management of waste.
6.7.2
Good Site Practices
6.7.2.1
It is anticipated that adverse
impacts would not arise on the construction site, provided that good site
practices are strictly followed. Recommendations for good site practices
during the construction phase include:
·
Nomination of approved
personnel, such as a site manager, to be responsible for good site practices,
and making arrangements for collection of all wastes generated at the site and
effective disposal to an appropriate facility;
·
Training of site personnel in
proper waste management and chemical waste handling procedures;
·
Provision of sufficient waste
reception/ disposal points, and regular collection of waste;
·
Adoption of appropriate
measures to minimize windblown litter and dust during transportation of waste
by either covering trucks or by transporting wastes in enclosed containers;
·
Provision of regular cleaning
and maintenance programme for drainage systems, sumps and oil interceptors;
·
Adoption of a recording system
for the amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed (including the
disposal sites); and
·
Preparation of a WMP, as a part
of the EMP, in accordance with ETWB TCW No. 19/2005 and submit to the Project Engineer
/ Architect for approval.
6.7.3
Waste Reduction Measures
·
Segregate and store different
types of construction related waste in different containers, skips or
stockpiles to enhance reuse or recycling of materials and their proper
disposal;
·
Provide separate labelled bins
to segregate recyclable waste such as aluminium cans from other general refuse
generated by the work force, and to encourage collection by individual waste collectors;
·
Recycle any unused chemicals or
those with remaining functional capacity;
·
Maximize the use of reusable
steel formwork to reduce the amount of C&D material;
·
Adopt proper storage and site
practices to minimize the potential for damage to, or contamination of,
construction materials;
·
Plan the delivery and stock of
construction materials carefully to minimize the amount of waste generated;
·
Adopt pre-cast construction
method instead of cast-in-situ method for construction of concrete structures
as much as possible; and
·
Minimize over ordering and
wastage through careful planning during purchasing of construction materials.
6.7.3.2
In addition to the above
measures, other specific mitigation measures are recommended below to minimize
environmental impacts during handling, transportation and disposal of wastes.
6.7.4
Storage, Collection and
Transportation of Waste
6.7.4.1
Storage of materials on site
may induce adverse environmental impacts if not properly managed. The following recommendations should be
implemented to minimize the impacts:
·
Handle and store waste and
excavated materials, such as soil well to ensure secure containment to minimize
the potential of pollution;
·
Maintain and clean storage
areas routinely;
·
Provide stockpiling area with
covers and water spraying system to prevent materials from wind-blown or being
washed away; and
·
Designate different locations for
stockpiling each material to enhance reuse.
6.7.4.2
Waste collectors should be
employed for the collection and transportation of C&D materials, chemical waste
(licensed waste collectors required) and general refuse generated. The
following recommendations should be implemented to minimize the impacts:
·
Remove waste in timely manner;
·
Employ the trucks with cover or
enclosed containers for waste transportation;
·
Obtain relevant waste disposal
permits from the appropriate authorities; and
·
Dispose of waste at licensed
waste disposal facilities.
6.7.5.1
In order to monitor, document and verify the
disposal of C&D materials at landfills and public fill reception
facilities, as appropriate, and to control fly tipping, a trip-ticket system in
accordance with DevB TCW No. 6/2010 Trip Ticket
System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition Materials should be
implemented.
6.7.5.2
The C&D
materials generated should be sorted on-site into inert C&D materials (excluding
asphalt and bentonite
slurry), inert C&D materials (asphalt and bentonite
slurry) and non-inert C&D materials. To minimize the impact resulting from
collection and transportation of C&D materials as far as practicable,
C&D materials, such as wood, plastic, steel and other metals should be
reused or recycled and, as a last resort, disposed to landfill. A suitable area should be designated
within the site for temporary stockpiling of C&D materials and to
facilitate the sorting process. Within
the stockpiling area, the following measures should be taken to control potential
environmental impacts or nuisance:
·
Proper handling and storage of excavated
materials such as soil by means of covers and/or water spraying system to
minimize the potential environmental impact and to prevent materials from
wind-blown or being washed away;
·
Covering materials during heavy
rainfall;
·
Locating stockpiles to minimize
potential visual impacts; and
·
Minimizing land intake of
stockpile areas as far as possible.
6.7.6.1
As chemical waste is
produced at the construction site, the Contractor will be required to register
with EPD as a chemical waste producer and to follow the guidelines stated in
the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical
Wastes. Suitable containers
compatible with the chemical wastes should be used, and incompatible chemicals
should be stored separately. Appropriate
labels should be securely attached on each chemical waste container indicating
the corresponding chemical characteristics of the chemical waste, such as
explosive, flammable, oxidizing, irritant, toxic, harmful, corrosive, etc. The Contractor shall employ a licensed waste
collector to transport and dispose of the chemical wastes, to the licensed Chemical
Waste Treatment Centre (CWTC), or other licensed facilities, in accordance with
the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation.
6.7.7.1
General refuse
should be stored in enclosed bins or compaction units separately from C&D
materials. A reputable waste
collector should be employed by the contractor to remove general refuse from
the site, separately from C&D materials. An enclosed and covered area is
preferred to reduce the occurrence of wind-blown light materials.
6.7.7.2
The recyclable
component of general refuse, such as aluminium cans,
paper and cleansed plastic containers shall be separated from other wastes. Provision and collection of recycling
bins for different types of recyclable waste shall be set up by the
Contractor. The Contractor shall
also be responsible for arranging recycling companies to collect these
materials.
6.7.7.3
The Contractor shall
carry out an education programme for workers in
avoiding, reducing, reusing and recycling of general refuse. Posters and leaflets advising on the use
of the bins shall also be provided in the sites as reminders.
6.7.7.4
Table 6.7 provides a summary of the various waste types
likely to be generated during the construction works and operation of the
Project, together with the recommended handling and disposal methods.