This Section
identifies the potential waste management implications arising from the
construction and operation of the Project and the potential environmental
impacts associated with the storage, handling, transportation and disposal of
the wastes with reference to the criteria and guidelines as stated in the
requirements in Clause 3.4.6 and Appendix E Requirements for Assessment of Waste Management Implications of the
Study Brief, as well as Annex 7 and Annex 15 of the EIAO-TM.
The
criteria for evaluating waste management implications are stated in Annex 7 of the EIAO-TM. Annex 15 of the EIAO-TM prescribes the general approach and methodology for
assessing the waste management implications caused by a project or proposal.
The
following legislation covers the handling, treatment and disposal of wastes in
Hong Kong which are relevant to the types of waste to be generated from the
Project, and has been considered in the assessment.
§ Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO) (Cap
354);
§ Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation (Cap 354C);
§ Marine Fish Culture Ordinance (Cap
353);
§ Land (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance (Cap 28);
§ Public Health and Municipal
Services Ordinance - Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation
(Cap 132BK);
§ Merchant Shipping (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Ordinance (Cap 413); and
§ Waste Disposal (Charging for
Municipal Solid Waste) (Amendment) Ordinance 2021.
The WDO prohibits the unauthorised disposal
of wastes, with waste defined as any substance or article which is
abandoned. Under the WDO, wastes can only be disposed of at
licensed waste disposal sites. A breach
of these regulations can lead to the imposition of a fine and/or a prison
sentence. The WDO also provides for the issuing of licences for the collection and
transport of wastes.
The Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of
Construction Waste) Regulation defined construction waste as any substance,
matters or things that are generated from construction work and abandoned,
whether or not it has been processed or stockpiled before being abandoned, but
does not include any sludge, screening, or matter removed in or generated from
any desludging, desilting or dredging works.
The Construction Waste Disposal Charging Scheme
came into operation on 1 December 2005.
Processing of account applications by the EPD started on the same
day. A Contractor who undertakes
construction work with value of HK$1 million or above is required to open a billing
account solely for the contract.
Charging for the disposal of construction waste started on 20 January
2006.
Depending
on the percentage of inert materials in the material, construction waste can be
disposed of at public fill reception facilities, construction waste sorting
facilities, landfills and outlying islands transfer facilities, where differing
disposal costs would be applied. This
scheme encourages waste reduction and hence minimise the costs of the
Contractor or the Project Proponent.
Table
6.1 summarises
the Government waste disposal facilities for construction waste and various
charge levels.
Table 6.1 Government
Waste Disposal Facilities for Construction Waste
Government Waste Disposal Facilities |
Type of Construction Waste Accepted |
Charge per Tonne (a) |
Public fill reception facilities |
Consisting entirely of inert construction waste (b) |
HK$71 |
Sorting facilities |
Containing more than 50% by weight of inert construction
waste (b) |
HK$175 |
Landfills (c) |
Containing not more than 50% by weight of inert
construction waste (b) |
HK$200 |
Outlying Islands Transfer Facilities (c) |
Containing any percentage of inert construction waste (b) |
HK$200 |
Notes: (a) Except for the Outlying Islands Transfer Facilities, the minimum charge
load is 1 tonne, i.e. if a load of waste weighs 1 tonne or less, it will be
charged as 1 tonne. A load of waste
weighing more than 1 tonne will be charged at 0.1 tonne increment. For Outlying Islands Transfer Facilities,
the charge is $20 per 0.1 tonne and the minimum charge load is 0.1
tonne. (b) Inert construction waste means rock, rubble, boulder, earth, soil,
sand, concrete, asphalt, brick, tile, masonry or used bentonite. (c) If a load of waste contains construction waste and other wastes, that
load will be regarded as consisting entirely of construction waste for the
purpose of calculating the applicable charge. |
Chemical
waste as defined under the Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation includes any substance being scrap
material, or unwanted substances specified under Schedule 1 of the Regulation, if such a substance or chemical
occurs in such a form, quantity or concentration so as to cause pollution or
constitute a danger to health or risk of pollution to the environment.
Chemical
waste producers shall register with the EPD.
Any person who contravenes this requirement commits an offence and is
liable to a fine and imprisonment.
Producers of chemical wastes must treat their wastes, utilising on-site
plants licensed by the EPD or have a licensed collector take the wastes to a
licensed facility. For each consignment
of wastes, the waste producer, collector and disposer of the wastes must sign
all relevant parts of a computerised trip ticket. The system is designed to allow the transfer
of wastes to be traced from cradle-to-grave.
The Regulation prescribes the storage
facilities to be provided on site including labelling and warning signs. To minimise the risks of pollution and danger
to human health or life, the waste producer is required to prepare and make
available written procedures to be observed in the case of emergencies due to
spillage, leakage or accidents arising from the storage of chemical
wastes. He/she must also provide
employees with training in such procedures.
Under Section 10 of the Marine Fish Culture Ordinance, the Director of Agriculture,
Fisheries and Conservation could provide instructions to licensees in writing
regarding the disposal or destruction of any fish within any site found or
suspected to be suffering from any infectious disease, or the disposal of any
noxious or waste matter resulting from the fish collection or fish
harvest. It is the existing
practice/license condition for marine fish culture licensees under Cap. 353 to
dispose of the anticipated waste arising (e.g. general refuse, floating refuse,
organic wastes, etc.) at Food and Environmental Hygiene Department (FEHD)'s
refuse collection points during construction and operation phases.
The inert
portion of construction waste ([1])
(also called public fill) may be taken to public fill reception
facilities. Public fill reception
facilities are operated by the Civil Engineering and Development Department
(CEDD). The Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance requires that individuals
or companies who deliver public fill to the public fill reception facilities
need to obtain Dumping Licences. The
licences are issued by the CEDD under delegated authority from the Director of
Lands.
Under the
licence conditions, public fill reception facilities will only accept inert
earth, soil, sand, rock, boulder, rubble, brick, tile, concrete, asphalt,
masonry or used bentonite. In addition,
in accordance with paragraph 11 of Development
Bureau (DevB) Technical Circular (Works) (DevB TC(W)) No. 6/2010), the
Public Fill Committee will advise on the acceptance criteria (e.g. no mixing of
construction waste, nominal size of the materials less than 250mm, etc). The material should, however, be free from
marine mud, household refuse, plastic, metal, industrial and chemical wastes,
animal and vegetable matter and any other materials considered unsuitable to
the public fill reception facility.
This
Regulation provides further control on the illegal dumping of wastes on
unauthorized (unlicensed) sites. The
illegal dumping of wastes can lead to a fine and/or imprisonment.
The
Merchant Shipping (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Ordinance and its
subsidiary regulations prohibit the discharge of wastewater and garbage from
vessels.
Hong Kong
has implemented the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution
from Ships 1973 as amended by the 1978 Protocol (universally known as MARPOL)
and the MARPOL related requirements are mainly implemented under the Merchant
Shipping (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Ordinance. Under the requirements, liquid oil waste or
any other mixtures which contain oil and noxious liquid substances or any such
residues shall not be discharged into the sea.
In Hong Kong, the Chemical Waste Treatment Centre (CWTC) is the
reception facility for oily waste discharged from vessels.
This
Ordinance served to amend the Waste Disposal Ordinance and the Waste Disposal
(Refuse Transfer Station) Regulation to establish the quantity-based charging
scheme for the disposal of municipal solid waste in Hong Kong. The Ordinance also describes the production,
sale, supply and the mandatory use of designated bags or designated labels for
disposal of municipal solid waste.
Other
relevant guidance documents, which detail how the Project Proponent or the
Operator should comply with the local regulations, are as follows:
§ Waste Disposal Plan for Hong Kong
(December 1989), Planning, Environment and Lands Branch Government Secretariat,
HKSAR Government;
§ Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling
and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992), EPD, HKSAR
Government;
§ Hong Kong Planning Standards and
Guidelines (2021), Planning Department, HKSAR Government;
§ WBTC No. 2/93 - Public Dumps, Works
Branch, HKSAR Government;
§ WBTC No. 2/93B - Public Filling
Facilities, Works Branch, HKSAR Government;
§ WBTC No. 16/96 - Wet Soil in Public
Dumps, Works Branch, HKSAR Government;
§ Waste Reduction Framework Plan,
1998 to 2007, Planning, Environment and Lands Bureau, Government
Secretariat, 5 November 1998;
§ WBTC No. 4/98 and 4/98A - Use of
Public Fill in Reclamation and Earth Filling Projects,
Works Bureau, HKSAR Government;
§ WBTC No. 12/2000 - Fill Management,
Works Bureau, HKSAR Government;
§ WBTC No. 19/2001 - Metallic Site
Hoardings and Signboards; Works Bureau, HKSAR Government;
§ WBTC No. 12/2002 - Specifications
Facilitating the Use of Recycled Aggregates, Works
Bureau, HKSAR Government;
§ Project Administration Handbook for
Civil Engineering Works, Section 4.1.3 of Chapter 4 - Management of
Construction and Demolition Material Including Rock, HKSAR
Government; and
§ DevB TC(W) No. 6/2010 - Trip Ticket
System for Disposal of Construction & Demolition Materials,
Development Bureau, HKSAR Government.
It should
be noted that the establishment of FCZ is not categorised as a public works
contract. As such, ETWB TC(W) No.
19/2005 - Environmental Management on Construction Sites is not applicable
for this Project.
During the
construction phase, no barging points, conveyor system and stockpiling areas
would be used. The main activities
include on-site assembly and anchoring of fish rafts/ cages, and installation
of auxiliary facilities, such as storages and shelters for contractor(s) ([2])
on some of the fish rafts. These
activities will potentially result in the generation of wastes.
The typical
waste types associated with these activities include:
§ General refuse from construction workforce; and
§ Floating refuse entrapment.
The fish
rafts/ cages will be manufactured off-site and thus no on-site construction of
the fish rafts / cages will be involved.
The fish rafts / cages will be towed to the FCZ directly by tug boats
for on-site assembly and anchoring, no heavy construction plant would be used,
and as such no construction and demolition (C&D) materials (both inert and
non-inert) and chemical waste are anticipated to be generated at the Project
site. Non-inert C&D materials (e.g.
wooden pallets, bamboo, timber, packaging wastes, metals, etc.) would not be
anticipated from the Project construction works. The general refuse and floating refuse as
discussed in detail below will be generated during the construction phase which
normally last about a few weeks for each fish raft and is expected to commence
in 2024, subject to the application and approval of the new marine fish culture
licence.
General
refuse, such as food waste, aluminium cans, plastic bottles, waste paper and
glass bottles, will be generated from the licensed contractor(s) during the
construction and anchorage of fish rafts and cages which require off-site
disposal. The storage of general refuse
has the potential to give rise to adverse environmental impacts, if not
properly managed. These include odour if
the general refuse is not collected frequently, floating / windblown litter and
visual impact.
Assuming
there will be no more than 20 licensed contractor(s) and workers participated
in the construction of the FCZ area each day, with a general refuse generation
rate of 0.65 kg per worker per day, the maximum amount of general refuse to be
generated will be approximately 13 kg per day.
It is anticipated that the duration of construction of each fish raft,
including towing the fish rafts / cages to the Site, assembly and anchoring of
the fish rafts/ cages and provision of auxiliary facilities, are expected to be
completed within a few weeks.
To reduce
the quantity of general refuse to be disposed of at landfill, recyclable
materials (i.e. paper, plastic bottles, aluminium cans and glass bottles) will be
segregated on-site and delivered to recyclers, as far as practicable. Adequate number of enclosed waste containers
will be provided on the marine vessels to avoid over-spillage of waste /
recyclable materials and accidental spillage of waste / recyclable materials to
the sea. The non-recyclable general
refuse will be collected and transported to the nearest accessible FEHD refuse
collection points with public pier following the existing practice under Cap.
353, for example, Wong Shek Pier via marine vessels (1 trip per day), and
ultimately sent to NENT landfill for disposal.
As the quantity of general refuse to be disposed of at landfill is
small, no adverse impact on the operation of the landfill is anticipated.
The waste disposal
arrangement will follow the requirements stipulated under Marine Fish Culture
Ordinance (Cap. 353) as appropriate.
With the implementation of the mitigation measures recommended in Section
6.5,
no adverse environmental impacts (including potential hazard, dust and odour
emissions, noise and wastewater discharge) caused by storage, handling, transport
and disposal of general refuse are expected.
As the
Project site is located in sheltered water area, floating refuse entrapment ([3])
may occur during the anchorage of fish cages, fish rafts and the auxiliary
facilities. Floating refuse may be
trapped on the surface of the anchored fish cages, fish rafts and vessels
within the Project site, which will require collection and off-site
disposal. Similar to general refuse, the
storage of floating refuse has the potential to give rise to adverse
environmental impacts, if not properly managed.
These include odour if the floating refuse is not collected frequently,
floating / windblown litter and visual impact.
The amount of floating refuse, i.e.
not generated by this Project as licensed fish farmers and workers are not
allowed to dump rubbish into the sea, is highly variable and influenced by the
strength and direction of water currents.
Since none of the shorelines surrounded the Project site is considered
vulnerable to accumulation of floating refuse under both wet and dry seasons ([4]),
the likelihood of entrapment of floating refuse within the Project site is
expected to be low. It is expected that
the amount of floating refuse requiring disposal is approximately 10 kg per
week ([5]). Floating refuse will be collected regularly
and disposed of as general refuse. The
floating refuse collected will be transported to the nearest accessible FEHD
refuse collection points with public pier following the existing practice under
Cap. 353, for example, Wong Shek Pier via marine vessels (1 trip per day), and
ultimately sent to NENT landfill for disposal.
As the quantity of floating refuse to be disposed of at landfill is
small, no adverse impact on the operation of the landfill is anticipated.
For the
case that the floating refuse contains recyclable materials (i.e. paper,
plastic bottles, aluminium cans and glass bottles), the contractor(s) will
divert these materials from landfill disposal using the same waste segregation,
storage and recycling approach as that for recyclable materials from general
refuse as described in Section 6.3.1, as far as
practicable.
The waste
disposal arrangement will follow the requirements stipulated under Marine Fish
Culture Ordinance (Cap. 353) as appropriate.
With the implementation of the mitigation measures recommended in Section
6.5,
no adverse environmental impacts (including potential hazard, dust and odour
emissions, noise and wastewater discharge) caused by storage, handling,
transport and disposal of floating refuse are expected.
The tentative transportation
routings for the disposal of general refuse (including the floating refuse
collected) generated during the construction phase are shown in Table
6.2. The transportation routings may change
subject to the actual traffic conditions.
It should be noted that public transport will not be used for handling
(including stockpiling, labelling, packaging & storage), collection,
transportation and re-use / disposal of wastes generated under the
Project. Thus, impacts to public
transport is not expected and specific mitigation measure for public transport
is considered not necessary.
Table
6.2 Tentative
Transportation Routings for Waste Disposal of General Refuse during
Construction Phase
Type of Waste |
Disposal Outlet |
Tentative Transportation Routing |
General
Refuse (including floating refuse) |
Refuse
Collection Point at Wong Shek Pier |
Wong Chuk
Kok Hoi à
Wong Shek Pier |
During the
operation phase of the Project, no barging points, conveyor system and
stockpiling areas would be used. The
major waste types to be generated potentially from the licensed area within the
Project site include:
§ Organic waste, such as fish feed wastage, fish excretions
and fish carcasses;
§ Chemical waste;
§ General refuse from site operation; and
§ Floating refuse entrapment.
As it is expected
that mariculture activities would not require maintenance dredging or removal
of sediments, generation of marine sediments is not anticipated during the
operation phase. Organic waste, chemical
waste, general refuse and floating refuse as discussed in detail below will be
generated during the operation phase (i.e. during operation of the FCZ).
Organic
waste mainly consists of solid organic materials or debris including uneaten
fish feed, fecal waste from marine organisms, fish carcasses and dead fish
arising from the fish culture operation.
These waste could potentially be harmful to fish species as they are
easily decomposed which boost the nutrient level of water. Hence, these waste should be removed from the
licensed area to avoid affecting the health conditions of cultured fish, as
well as nutrients enrichment within the Project site and to the adjacent water.
The
quantity of fish feed wastage generated from each fish raft is highly variable
depending on a number of factors, including feed type and composition, fish
stocking density, feeding method and feeding rates. The quantity of fish fecal waste, fish
carcasses and dead fish will also be varied with the type and quality of fish
feed applied, cultured species of fish stock and stocking intensity. In any case, it is expected that the quantity
of organic waste generated from the Project site would be no more than 42 kg
per day on average ([6]). The licensed contractor(s)
should remove these waste from the licensed area regularly, especially after
the fish feed was added. In the unlikely
case that significant amount of dead fish occur, the licensed fish farmers
would inform AFCD immediately. AFCD will
then liaise with relevant Government departments (e.g. Food and Environmental
Hygiene Department, Marine Department) to collect the dead fish from the
Project site directly as necessary.
The
collected marine debris and dead fish will be treated with disinfectant or
other pharmaceutical drugs, and will be placed in enclosed waste containers or
garbage bags located within the Project site.
These organic waste will be transported to the nearest accessible FEHD refuse collection points with public pier
following the existing practice under Cap. 353, for example, Wong Shek Pier
via marine vessels (a few trips per day), and ultimately sent to NENT landfill for
disposal.
The waste
disposal arrangement will follow the requirements stipulated under Marine Fish
Culture Ordinance (Cap. 353) as appropriate.
With the implementation of the mitigation measures recommended in Section
6.5,
no adverse environmental impacts (including potential hazard, dust and odour
emissions, noise and wastewater discharge) caused by storage, handling,
transport and disposal of organic waste are expected.
It
is anticipated that a small amount of chemicals, including pharmaceutical drugs
/ antibiotics / vaccines and chemical disinfectant, will be stored and used for
treating diseased fish and disinfection of operation waste and equipment,
resulting in generation of chemical wastes such as empty chemical containers
and syringes. Chemical waste, such as
lubricant oil, may also be generated due to maintenance of powered mechanical
equipment. The amount of chemical waste
generated will depend on the frequency of chemical usage and number of
equipment used on site. Nevertheless, the quantity of chemical waste to be generated
is expected to be insignificant (about a few cubic metres per month). These chemical wastes will be collected by a
licensed chemical waste collector regularly (about 1-2 trips per month) and
delivered to the licensed chemical waste treatment facilities (i.e. CWTC) at
Tsing Yi via marine vessels for disposal.
With the incorporation of suitable arrangements for the storage,
handling, collection and transportation and disposal of chemical waste under
the requirements stated in the Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation and the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical
Wastes, no adverse environmental (including air and odour emissions, noise
and waste water discharge) impacts and hazards are anticipated.
General
refuse will arise from the licensed contractor(s)
and occasional visitors during site operation. General refuse may consist of
food waste, plastics, aluminium cans, papers and glass bottles, which require
proper storage for off-site disposal.
The storage of general refuse has the potential to give rise to adverse
environmental impacts, if not properly managed.
These include odour if the general refuse is not collected frequently,
floating / windblown litter and visual impact.
It is
expected there will be no more than 20 contractor(s) supporting the mariculture
operation as well as occasional visitors at the Project site at any one
time. With a general refuse generation
rate of 0.65kg per worker per day, the total amount of general refuse generated
from the licensed area is estimated to be approximately 13 kg per day.
To reduce
the quantity of general refuse to be disposed of at landfill, recyclable
materials (i.e. paper, plastic bottles, aluminium cans and glass bottles) will
be segregated on-site and delivered to landside recyclers, as far as
practicable. Adequate number of enclosed
waste containers will be provided on site (e.g. marine vessels, communal rafts)
to avoid over-spillage of waste / recyclable materials and accidental spillage
of waste / recyclable materials to the sea.
The non-recyclable general refuse will be collected and transported
(together with the organic waste) to the nearest suitable refuse collection
point(s), for example, Wong Shek Pier via marine vessels (1 trip per day), and
ultimately sent to NENT landfill for disposal.
Given that the quantity of general refuse to be disposed of at landfill
is low, no adverse impact on the operation of the landfill is anticipated.
The waste
disposal arrangement will follow the requirements stipulated under Marine Fish
Culture Ordinance (Cap. 353) as appropriate.
With the implementation of the mitigation measures recommended in Section
6.5,
no adverse environmental impacts (including potential hazard, dust and odour
emissions, noise and wastewater discharge) caused by storage, handling,
transport and disposal of general refuse are expected.
Floating refuse may be trapped
on the surface of fish cages, fish rafts and vessels within the Project site.
However, since none of the shorelines surrounded the Project site is considered
vulnerable to accumulation of floating refuse under both wet and dry seasons,
the quantity of floating refuse trapped within the Project site during the
operation stage is expected to be low (~ 20 kg per week)
([7]). Floating refuse will be collected regularly
(1 trip per day), handled, stored, recycled and disposed of as general refuse
as described in Section 6.4.3.
Given that the quantity of floating
refuse to be disposed of at landfill is low, no adverse impact on the operation
of the landfill is anticipated.
The waste
disposal arrangement will follow the requirements stipulated under Marine Fish
Culture Ordinance (Cap. 353) as appropriate.
With the implementation of the mitigation measures recommended in Section
6.5,
no adverse environmental impacts (including potential hazard, dust and odour
emissions, noise and wastewater discharge) caused by storage, handling,
transport and disposal of floating refuse are expected.
The tentative transportation
routings for the disposal of organic waste, general refuse (including the
floating refuse collected) and chemical waste generated during the operation
phase are shown in Table
6.3. The transportation routings may
change subject to the actual traffic conditions. It should be noted that public transport will
not be used for handling (including stockpiling, labelling, packaging &
storage), collection, transportation and re-use / disposal of wastes generated
under the Project. Thus, impacts to
public transport is not expected and specific mitigation measure for public
transport is considered not necessary.
Table 6.3 Tentative Transportation Routings for Waste
Disposal of Various Waste during Operation Phase
Type of Waste |
Disposal Outlet |
Tentative Transportation Routing |
Organic
Waste |
Refuse
Collection Point at Wong Shek Pier |
Wong Chuk
Kok Hoi à
Wong Shek Pier |
General
Refuse (including floating refuse) |
||
Chemical
Waste |
Chemical
Waste Treatment Centre (CWTC) |
Wong Chuk
Kok Hoi à
Licensed Chemical Waste Collector à
Mirs Bay à
Tathong Channel à
Victoria Harbour à
CWTC |
The various waste management
options are categorised in terms of preference from an environmental
viewpoint. The options considered to be
most preferable have the least environmental impacts and are more sustainable
in the long term. The hierarchy is as
follows:
§ Avoidance and reduction;
§ Re-use of materials;
§ Recovery and recycling; and
§ Treatment and disposal.
The above hierarchy has been used
to evaluate and select waste management options. The aim has been to reduce waste generation
and reduce waste handling and disposal costs.
The contractor(s) shall implement the following control measures:
Under
Marine Fish Culture Ordinance (Cap. 353):
o
Submit an Environmental Management
Plan under the Fish Farm Operational Plan (see Appendix
2A for details) on the control of
environmental impacts from the mariculture activities for agreement with AFCD;
o
Disposal or destruction of any fish
within any site found or suspected to be suffering from any infectious disease;
o
Disposal of any noxious or waste
matter resulting from the fish collection or fish harvest.
Under Merchant Shipping (Prevention
and Control of Pollution) Ordinance (Cap. 413):
o
Oily waste from vessels should be
discharged to CWTC.
They will also consult AFCD for the
final disposal of wastes and, as appropriate, implement the good site practices
and mitigation measures recommended in this EIA Report and those given below.
§ Nomination of approved personnel (e.g. environmental
officer of the contractor(s), representative of the project proponent) to be
responsible for good site practices, arrangements for collection and effective
disposal to an appropriate facility of all wastes generated at the site;
§ Training of site personnel in proper waste management and
handling procedures by AFCD;
§ Provision of sufficient waste disposal points and regular
collection for disposal;
§ Appropriate measures to reduce windblown / floating
litter and dust during transportation of waste by transporting wastes in
enclosed containers; and
§ A recording system (e.g. log
book for mariculture operation) for the
amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed of and the disposal sites for
checking by AFCD.
The
assessment indicates that with the implementation of the waste management
practices at the Project site, no adverse environmental impacts are envisaged
for the handling, collection and disposal of waste arising during the
construction phase of the Project.
This Section further describes
the good construction site practices to avoid or further reduce the potential
environmental impacts associated with the handling, collection and disposal of
general refuse and floating refuse arising from the construction works.
The contractor(s) must ensure that
all the necessary waste disposal permits or licences are obtained prior to the
commencement of the construction works.
General refuse (including the
floating refuse collected) will be stored in enclosed bins. The garbage bins will be placed at
appropriate locations to facilitate disposal by the contractor(s) on site. The contractor(s) will be prohibited from
throwing rubbish into the sea and adequate bins will be provided on the Project
site and marine vessels. General refuse
will be delivered for offsite disposal on a regular basis to reduce odour, pest
and litter impacts. General refuse will
be collected and disposed of at the nearest accessible
FEHD refuse collection points with public pier following the existing practice
under Cap. 353 (e.g. Wong Shek Pier via marine vessels), and ultimately
sent to NENT landfill for disposal.
General refuse requiring disposal will be collected in designated
garbage bags after the official implementation of MSW charging scheme.
Recycling bins with proper
labelling will be provided at appropriate locations to facilitate collection of
recyclable materials (including aluminium can, plastic bottles and paper) from
the Project site. Materials recovered
will be sent to authorised recyclers.
To avoid entrapment of floating
refuse within the Project site, the fish cages / rafts and vessels should be
properly designed such that there are no sharp turns or abrupt indentation in
order to avoid or minimise any trapped or accumulated refuse. With the proper design of fish cages / rafts
and vessels, entrapment of floating refuse and the need for its subsequent
disposal can be minimised.
Prior to the commencement of the
construction works, AFCD will provide training to
the contractor(s) on the concepts of site cleanliness and appropriate waste
management procedures, including waste reduction, re-use and recycling. In particular, the training will emphasize no
dumping of waste into the sea is allowed, particularly within the licensed area
and on marine vessels.
Effective
management of feed with the application of modern feeding practices and technologies
can minimise fish feed wastage and the subsequent negative impacts to the
environment. Good quality feed, such as
pellet feed, should be used for feeding instead of trash fish as it effectively
reduces the feed conversion ratio, and thus the quantity of uneaten feed
wastage. Depending on the cultured
species and the stocking intensity, optimal feed input should be implemented while the fish feed should be
even distributed within the licensed area.
The feed will also be sieved to remove broken pieces and dust before
feeding. The
contractor(s) will keep detailed operational records for each licensed area
including the type and quantity of feed used, estimated number of fish stock
and biomass, water temperature and growth rates of cultured organisms to allow
more accurate estimation of fish feed input and to minimise unnecessary wastage
of feeds. The contractor(s) and other
personnel are also required to take all precautions to prevent spillage during
the delivery of feed to the Project site.
The uneaten feeds should be cleaned up immediately, especially during
summer times when the decomposition of organic waste is more rapid, so as to
minimise leaching to the adjacent water.
The quantity of feed delivered to the licensed area will also be recorded
in order to ensure an appropriate quantity of feed stock is procured. Feed will be stored in covered areas on the
fish rafts within the licensed area to avoid exposure to external climatic and
weather conditions that might result in unnecessary spillage and spoilage.
Organic waste including residue
feed, fish carcasses, fecal waste and dead fish will be removed from the
licensed area after each feeding process and the waste will be stored in
enclosed bins. The treated organic waste
will be securely sent offsite to the nearest accessible
FEHD refuse collection points with public pier suitable refuse following the
existing practice under Cap. 353, for example, Wong Shek Pier via marine
vessels, and ultimately to NENT landfill for disposal. Designated garbage bags will be used to
collect the organic waste after the official implementation of MSW charging
scheme.
The contractor(s) will
register as a chemical waste producer with the EPD. Chemical waste will be handled in accordance
with the Code of Practice on the
Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes as listed below.
Containers used for storage of
chemical wastes will:
§ Be
suitable for the substance they are holding, resistant to corrosion, maintained
in a good condition, and securely closed;
§ Have
a capacity of less than 450L unless the specifications have been approved by
the EPD; and
§ Display
a label in English and Chinese in accordance with instructions prescribed in Schedule 2 of the Regulations.
The storage area for chemical
wastes will:
§ Be
clearly labelled and used solely for the storage of chemical waste;
§ Be
enclosed on at least 3 sides;
§ Have
an impermeable floor and bunding, of capacity to accommodate 110% of the volume
of the largest container or 20% by volume of the chemical waste stored in that
area, whichever is the greatest;
§ Have
adequate ventilation;
§ Be
covered to prevent rainfall entering (water collected within the bund must be
tested and disposed of as chemical waste, if necessary); and
§ Be
arranged so that incompatible materials are appropriately separated.
Chemical waste will be disposed of:
§ Via
a licensed waste collector; and
§ To
a facility licensed to receive chemical waste, such as the CWTC which also
offers a chemical waste collection service, and can supply the necessary
chemical waste storage containers.
The management of general refuse
(including the floating refuse collected) from the Project site during the
operation phase will be similar to that in the construction phase (see Section
6.5.2.1). General refuse will be stored in enclosed
bins and disposed offsite to the nearest accessible
FEHD refuse collection points with public pier following the existing practice
under Cap. 353, for example, Wong Shek Pier via marine vessels, on a
regular basis for avoidance of pest and odour nuisance. Designated garbage bags will be used to collect
general refuse after the official implementation of MSW charging scheme. Recycling bins with proper labelling will be
placed at the fish rafts to collect recyclables which will be transported
off-site for recycling via vessels on a regular basis.
To avoid entrapment of floating
refuse within the Project site, the fish cages / rafts and vessels should be
properly designed such that there are no any sharp turns or abrupt indentation
in order to avoid or minimise any trapped or accumulated refuse. With the proper design of fish cages / rafts
and vessels, entrapment of floating refuse and the need for its subsequent
disposal can be minimised.
Prior to the commencement of the
operation phase, AFCD will provide on-farm training
to all staff working at the Project site on the concepts of sustainable
mariculture practice, site cleanliness and appropriate waste management
procedures, including waste reduction, re-use and recycling. In particular, the training will emphasize no
dumping of waste into the sea is allowed.
With the
implementation of mitigation measures specified in Section 6.5,
no adverse residual waste management impact is envisaged during the
construction and operation phases of the Project.
No adverse waste management impact
is anticipated during the construction and operation phases of the
Project. To ensure the waste management performance
during construction phase of the Project, EM&A is
recommended to be conducted during construction phase. Site inspections at the Project site (on
marine vessels) are recommended on a regular basis at bi-weekly interval during the time of construction activities by the Environmental Team (ET) to
check if wastes are being managed in accordance with good site practices and
the mitigation measures as recommended in Section 6.5 during the construction
phase as part of the EM&A. All
aspects of waste management will be investigated during the regular
inspections, including waste generation, storage, handling, recycling,
transportation and disposal, to prevent any dumping of waste into the sea or
malpractice of waste disposal.
During operation phase, the waste
management issues of the Project will be controlled by licensing under the
Marine Fish Culture Ordinance (Cap. 353).
EM&A is not required to be conducted during
operation phase of the Project. AFCD
will conduct regular inspections at monthly interval
and review on FCZ operation to check if wastes are being
managed in accordance with good site practices and the mitigation measures as
recommended in Section 6.5 during the operation phase. All aspects of waste management will be
investigated during the regular inspections, including waste generation,
storage, handling, recycling, transportation and disposal, to prevent any
dumping of waste into the sea or malpractice of waste disposal.
With the
implementation of good site practices, adverse environmental impacts (including
potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise and wastewater discharge)
arising from the management and disposal of waste during the construction and
operation phases are not anticipated.
The
estimated waste arising and the recommend waste management arrangements during
the construction phase and operations phase of the Project are summarised in Table
6.4.
Table
6.4 Summary of Estimated Waste Arisings and
Recommended Waste Management Arrangements
Types of Waste |
Approximate Quantity |
Disposal Locations |
Construction
Phase |
|
|
General refuse |
~ 13 kg per day |
Recyclable materials: on-site sorting and off-site recycling. Non-recyclable refuse: Nearest accessible FEHD refuse
collection points with public pier following the existing practice under Cap.
353 (e.g. Wong Shek Pier), and then transported to NENT landfill for
disposal. |
Floating refuse |
~ 10 kg per week |
Recyclable materials: on-site sorting and off-site recycling. Non-recyclable refuse: Nearest accessible FEHD refuse
collection points with public pier following the existing practice under Cap.
353 (e.g. Wong Shek Pier), and then transported to NENT landfill for
disposal. |
Operation Phase |
|
|
Organic waste |
< 42 kg per day |
Nearest accessible FEHD refuse collection points with
public pier following the existing practice under Cap. 353 (e.g. Wong Shek
Pier), and then transported to NENT landfill for disposal. |
Chemical waste |
A few cubic metres per month |
CWTC |
General refuse |
~ 13 kg per day |
Recyclable materials: on-site sorting and off-site recycling. Non-recyclable refuse: Nearest accessible FEHD refuse collection
points with public pier following the existing practice under Cap. 353 (e.g.
Wong Shek Pier), and then transported to NENT landfill for disposal. |
Floating refuse |
~ 20 kg per week |
Recyclable materials: on-site sorting and off-site recycling. Non-recyclable refuse: Nearest accessible FEHD refuse
collection points with public pier following the existing practice under Cap.
353 (e.g. Wong Shek Pier), and then transported to NENT landfill for
disposal. |
([1]) ”Construction waste” refers to
materials arising from any land excavation or formation, civil/building
construction, road works, building renovation or demolition activities. It includes various types of reusable
materials, building debris, rubble, earth, concrete, timber and mixed site
clearance materials. When sorted
properly, materials suitable for land reclamation and site formation (known as
public fill) should be re-used at public fill reception facilities. The rock and concrete can be crushed and
processed to produce aggregates for various civil and building engineering
applications. The remaining construction
waste (comprising timber, paper and plastics) are to be disposed of at
landfills.
([2]) Contractor(s) refer to licensee(s) or the contractor(s) supporting the construction of fish raft structures.
([3]) Floating refuse entrapment refers to those marine refuse that were washed to, and trapped in the Project site by water current. They are not generated by the Project as licensed contractor(s) are not allowed to dump rubbish into the sea.
([4]) Based on the EPD’s Study Report of Investigation on the Sources and Fates of Marine Refuse in Hong Kong issued in April 2015.
([5]) It should be noted that minimal amount of floating refuse is collected regularly from the existing FCZs. For conservative assessment, it is assumed that a fish cage/ fish raft may trap up to 1 kg per week floating refuse requiring disposal during construction. The Project site is approximately 35 hectares and may support ~10 fish cages/ fish rafts. Therefore, the amount of floating refuse collected is estimated to be approximately 10 kg per week.
([6]) The quantity of organic waste is estimated
based on the mariculture operation at the existing FCZs. With the use of advanced mariculture
operation at the Project site, it is expected that the organic waste generated
will be much lowered.
([7]) It should be noted that minimal amount of floating refuse is collected regularly from the existing FCZs. For conservative assessment, it is assumed that a fish cage/ fish raft may trap up to 2 kg per week floating refuse requiring disposal during operation. The Project site is approximately 35 hectares and may support ~10 fish cages/ fish rafts. Therefore, the amount of floating refuse collected is estimated to be approximately 20 kg per week.