7.1.1.2
Mitigation
measures and good site practices, including waste handling, storage
and disposal, have been recommended with reference to relevant waste legislation
and management guidelines.
7.1.1.3
The waste management implications have been assessed
in accordance with the requirements outlined in Annex 7 and Annex 15 of the
Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process
(EIAO-TM) as well as the requirements set out under Clause 3.4.7 of
the EIA Study Brief (No. ESB-340/2021).
7.2.1
Overview
7.2.1.1
The relevant
legislation, standards and guidelines related
to the study for the assessment of waste management implications include:
·
Waste Disposal
Ordinance (Cap. 354);
·
Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation (Cap. 354C);
·
Waste Disposal
(Charges for Disposal
of Construction Waste)
Regulation (Cap. 354N);
·
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28);
and
·
Public
Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap. 132) – Public Cleansing and
Prevention of Nuisances Regulation.
Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap.
354)
7.2.1.2
The
Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO) (Cap. 354)
prohibits any unauthorised disposal of waste. Construction waste defined under Cap. 354N of
the WDO, refers to a substance,
matter or thing that is generated from construction works. It includes all abandoned materials, whether
processed or stockpiled or not, before being abandoned, but does not include
sludge, screenings or matter removed or generated from desludging, desilting or
dredging works. Under the WDO, waste can be disposed of only at
designated waste disposal facilities licenced by EPD.
Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation (Cap. 354C)
·
A Guide to the Chemical Waste
Control Scheme (2016) to introduce and explain the
legislative controls over the management of chemical waste in Hong Kong;
·
A Guide to the Registration of
Chemical Waste Producers (2016) to introduce the
registration provisions of the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation (the Regulation) and the procedure for identifying chemical waste
generation; and
·
the
Code of Practice on the Packaging,
Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992), which details how the
chemical waste producers should comply with the regulations on chemical waste.
Waste Disposal (Charges
for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N)
7.2.1.4
Construction waste as defined
under the Waste
Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation
(Cap.354N) includes any substance, matter or thing that is generated
from construction work and abandoned, whether or not
it has been processed or stockpiled
before being abandoned, but does not include any sludge, screening or matter removed in or generated from any
desludging, desilting or dredging works. This Regulation
stipulated that construction waste delivered to a landfill for disposal must
not contain more than 50% by weight
of inert material; construction waste delivered to a sorting facility for disposal must contain more than 50% by
weight of inert material; whereas construction waste delivered to a
public fill reception facility for disposal must consist entirely of inert material.
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28)
7.2.1.5
The
inert portion of construction and demolition (C&D) materials
(including rocks, soil, broken concrete, building debris, etc.) may be taken to
public filling facilities including public filling areas, public filling
barging points and stockpiling areas.
These facilities usually form part of land reclamation schemes and are
operated by the Civil Engineering & Development Department (CEDD).
7.2.1.6
The
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance (Cap. 28) requires that individuals or companies who deliver
public fill to the public filling
facilities to obtain Dumping Licences. The licences are issued by CEDD under delegated authority
from the Director of Lands.
Public Health and Municipal Services
Ordinance (Cap. 132)
7.2.1.7
The
Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation under the Public
Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap. 132) provides control on
dumping of litter in public places.
7.2.2
Other
Relevant Guidelines
7.2.2.1
The following
guidelines are also relevant to waste management in Hong Kong:
7.2.2.2
Other
relevant circulars / guidelines are applicable to waste management practices
for the Project include:
·
Environment,
Transport and Works Bureau Technical Circular (Works) ETWB TC(W) No. 19/2005
“Environmental Management on Construction Sites”;
·
Development
Bureau Technical Circular (Works) DEVB TC(W) No.06/2010 “Trip Ticket System for
Disposal of C&D Materials”;
·
DEVB
TC(W) No. 2/2011 “Encouraging the Use of Recycled and other Green Materials in
Public Works Projects”;
·
DEVB
TC(W) No. 9/2011 “Enhanced Control Measures for Management of Public Fill”;
·
DEVB
TC(W) No. 08/2010 “Enhanced Specification for Site Cleanliness and Tidiness”;
·
Works
Branch Technical Circular WBTC No. 2/93 “Public Dumps”;
·
WBTC
No. 2/93B “Public Filling Facilities”;
·
WBTC
No. 16/96 “Wet Soil in Public Dumps”;
·
WBTC
No. 12/2000 “Fill Management”;
·
WBTC
Nos. 25/99, 25/99A and 25/99C, “Incorporation of Information on Construction
and Demolition Material Management in Public Works Subcommittee Papers”;
·
CEDD
TC No. 11/2019 “Management of Construction and Demolition Materials”;
·
Code of
Practice on the Handling, Transportation and Disposal of Asbestos Waste;
·
ProPECC PN 2/97 Handling of Asbestos Containing Materials in
Buildings; and
·
Project
Administration Handbook (PAH) for Civil Engineering Works, Section 4.1.3 of
Chapter 4.
7.2.3
Construction
& Demolition Materials
7.2.3.1
ETWB TC(W) No. 19/2005 on Environmental Management on Construction Site includes
procedures on waste management requiring contractors to reduce the C&D
materials to be disposed of during the course of
construction. The contractor is required
to prepare and implement an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and the Waste
Management Plan (WMP) becomes part of the EMP.
7.2.3.2
Project Administration Handbook for Civil Engineering Works, Section
4.1.3 Management of Construction and Demolition Material Including Rock published by
CEDD to enhance the management of C&D materials and to minimise their
generation at source. The enhancement
measures include drawing up a Construction and Demolition Material Management
Plan (C&DMMP) at an early design stage to minimise C&D materials
generation and encourage proper management of such materials.
7.2.3.3
Under
DEVB TCW No. 6/2010 Trip Ticket System
for Disposal of Construction and Demolition Materials, for all contracts
that are expected to generate inert C&D materials requiring disposal from
site, the project office should write to the Public Fill Committee (PFC)
through Secretary of the PFC to request a designated disposal ground for
incorporation into the tender documents. For contracts where the estimated
amount of non-inert C&D materials requiring disposal at landfill facilities
equals to or exceeds 50 m3, the project office should seek
confirmation from the DEP in terms of the availability of landfill facilities
for disposal of such materials and the DEP would designate landfill facilities,
if available, for the contracts. For
contracts where the estimated amount of non-inert C&D materials to be
generated from the contract is less than 50 m3, the project office
is not required to apply to DEP for designated landfill facilities
but it should still specify in the tender documents of the appropriate landfill
facilities for disposal.
7.3.1.1
The
Project covers an area of about 611 ha and is predominantly rural in character.
The existing
population at the proposed location of the Project is approximately 2,900. The area
has a mixed urban-rural character. South
of San Tin Highway is predominantly occupied by brownfield operations with some village developments, whereas
land to the north is mainly occupied
by low-density residential and village developments with scattered brownfield
and the San Tin wetland area.
7.3.1.2
The
existing solid waste arising from the Project area includes domestic waste
generated from village houses, commercial and industrial waste generated from
open storage and industrial areas and
chemical waste generated from vehicle maintenance workshop, open area storage, container storage and
recycling facilities. The village type residential
area in the
middle of the Project area and south of San Tin Highway will be retained, while
the rest of the Project area will be rezoned
to other specified uses including innovation & technology, cultural,
creative, convention to the north of San Tin Highway, logistic storage and
workshop in the east, residential and commercial development south of San Tin
Highway with some innovation & technology development. The contribution of
waste generated from these areas
is considered in the EIA.
7.3.1.3
Major existing waste facilities serving the assessment area are shown in
Table 7.1.
Table 7.1 Summary of Existing Facilities Serving the Assessment Area
|
Waste Facilities
|
Location
|
Date of Commission
|
Design Capacity
/ Throughput
|
|
Strategic Landfill
|
|
West New Territories (WENT) Landfill
|
Nim Wan, Tuen Mun
|
1993
|
61 Mm3
|
|
North East
New Territories (NENT) Landfill
|
Ta Kwu Ling
|
1995
|
35 Mm3
|
|
Refuse Transfer Station
|
|
North West New Territories Refuse Transfer
Station (NWNTTS)
|
Shun Tat Street,
Tuen Mun (near Lam Tei)
|
2001
|
1,260 tonnes per day
|
|
Special
Waste Facilities
|
|
Chemical Waste Treatment Centre (CWTC)
|
51 Tsing Yi Road South,
Tsing Yi
|
1993
|
100,000 tonnes per year
|
|
Sludge Treatment Facility (STF)
|
Nim Wan, Tuen Mun
|
2015
|
2,000 tonnes per day
|
7.4.1.1
The
assessment of waste management implications during the construction and
operation phases of the Project has been carried out in accordance with the EIA
Study Brief and criteria given in Annexes 7 and 15 of the EIAO-TM, including
the following tasks:
·
Identification of the
construction and operation activities of the Project which could give rise to
waste arising;
·
Estimation of types and
quantities of waste generated;
·
Examination of opportunities
for waste reduction and re-use (both on-site and off-site) and the required
disposal options for each type of waste; and
·
Evaluation of potential impacts
caused by improper handling, collection, transportation
and re-use / disposal of wastes with respect to potential hazards, air and
odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharges, ecology and public transport.
7.4.1.2
Prior
to considering the disposal options for various types of waste, opportunities
for reducing waste generation,
on-site or off-site re-use and recycling have been evaluated. Measures
which can be taken in the planning and design phases (e.g. by modifying the design approach) and in the construction
phase for maximising waste reduction have been
separately considered.
7.4.1.3
After
considering all the opportunities for reducing waste generation and maximising
re-use, the types and quantities of the waste required to be disposed
of have been estimated and the
disposal options for each type of waste have been described. The disposal
method recommended for each type of waste has taken into
account the result of the
assessment. The impacts caused by
handling (including stockpiling,
labelling, packaging
and storage), collection, transportation and reuse / disposal of waste have
been addressed and appropriate mitigation measures have been proposed.
7.5.1
Construction Phase
7.5.1.1
There
are a number of Schedule 2 Designated Projects (DPs) under this Project. The following
activities, including the DPs under Schedule 2 and Schedule
3 and some non-DP elements
in the Revised RODP (Sections 1.5 and 2.4), have been included in the waste management implication assessment for the construction phase:
·
Construction of new primary
distributor and new district distributor roads (DP1);
·
Construction of new San Tin Lok
Ma Chau Effluent Polishing Plant (STLMC EPP) (DP2);
·
Construction of new San Tin Lok
Ma Chau Water Reclamation Plant (STLMC WRP) (DP3);
·
Construction of new refuse
transfer station (DP4);
·
Construction of two 400kV
electricity substations (DP5);
·
Revitalization works along San
Tin East Main Drainage Channel (DP6);
·
Recreational development for
proposed Sites O.1.1, O.1.2, and O.1.3 (DP7);
·
Construction of new district
cooling systems (DCS);
·
“Residential” (“R”)
development, “Government, Institution or Community” (“G/IC”), “Education”
(“E”), “Green Belt” (“GB”), open space, “Amenity” (“A”), and other specified
uses; and
·
Other miscellaneous
construction works, e.g. buildings, roads,
utilities, etc.
7.5.1.2
Typical waste types arising
from the proposed
works are identified in this section, together with an evaluation of the potential
waste management impacts associated with the
handling and disposal of waste. Table 7.2 lists out the sources and examples of the identified waste types.
Table 7.2 Identification of Waste Types
during the Construction Phase of the Project
|
Waste Type
|
Source of Waste
|
Example of Waste
|
|
Construction
and Demolition (C&D) Materials
|
Ÿ
Materials generated from site clearance and site formation works
Ÿ
Materials generated from construction of new buildings and infrastructures
|
Non-inert C&D materials
Ÿ
Top soil, vegetation and wood waste, etc.
Ÿ
Bamboo, timber, paper and plastic,
etc.
Inert C&D materials
Ÿ
Soft materials
Ÿ
Artificial hard materials
Ÿ
All grade granite
|
|
Chemical Waste
|
Ÿ
Building demolition
Ÿ
Plant operation and maintenance
Ÿ
Maintenance of mechanical
equipment
|
Ÿ
Asbestos containing materials
Ÿ
Oil and grease, scrap batteries, used
paint, fuel, etc.
Ÿ
Cleansing fluids and solvents from construction plant and equipment
|
|
General Refuse
|
Ÿ
Refuse generated from construction
works and site- based staff and workers
|
Ÿ
Food waste, containers, cans and waste paper, etc.
|
|
Excavated Sediment
|
Ÿ
Excavated sediment generated from the pond excavation works
|
Ÿ
Pond sediment
|
|
Floating Refuse
|
Ÿ Construction activities along
river channels or water bodies
|
Ÿ
Litter and debris
|
Notes:
1.
Non-inert C&D material includes, but not limited to, bamboo, timber,
paper and plastic, etc.
2.
Soft material includes,
but not limited to, excavated
soil, fill, etc.
3.
Artificial hard material includes, but not limited to, broken concrete, asphalt, bitumen and granular
materials, etc.
4.
Granite includes, but not limited
to, all grades and types of rock.
Construction
and Demolition Materials
7.5.1.3
The
construction phase of the Project will be implemented in a number of development stages through a
number of construction activities. The
anticipated timing for major construction
activities in each development stage is summarised in Table 7.3.
Table 7.3 Anticipated Timing for Major Construction
Activities in Each Development Stage
|
Construction Activities
|
Development Stage
|
Anticipated Timing
|
|
Site Clearance and Site Formation Works
|
Initial Phase
|
2024 – 2028
|
|
Main Phase
|
2026 – 2033
|
|
Remaining Phase
|
2032 – 2034
|
|
Construction of New Buildings and Infrastructures
|
Initial Phase
|
2026 – 2033
|
|
Main Phase
|
2028 – 2038
|
|
Remaining Phase
|
2034 – 2039
|
Site Clearance
and Site Formation Works
7.5.1.5
Site
clearance waste will mainly come from the demolition of existing structures,
tree felling and preparation of the existing
ground surface and will comprise
top soil, vegetation, broken concrete and asphalt. Site formation waste will mainly come from the excavation works and will comprise
excavated soil and granite. To minimise
the generation of site clearance and site formation waste, the phasing plan and
general layout of the Project are considered holistically and thoroughly. For
road alignments, the options of district distributor roads are considered as alternative
alignments of at-grade levels, thus would have minimal implication to the
generation of C&D materials. For site formation works, it is discussed under
Section 2.8.7.14. For alternative locations of STLMC
Effluent Polishing Plant (EPP) and STLMC Water
Reclamation Plant (WRP),
they are preferred to locate within the main Project area to the cavern area to
avoid generation of excessive C&D materials to be disposed of. The
alternative locations of STLMC EPP and STLMC WRP are discussed under Section 2.8.4 and 2.8.9 respectively. For construction
methods, the potential methods for construction of viaduct are mentioned in Section 2.4.2.4. The minimisation of cast in-place concrete construction method would be
beneficial to reduce generation of public fill/inert
C&D materials.
7.5.1.6
The
estimated volumes of C&D materials generated from site formation works are illustrated in Table 7.4.
Table 7.4 Estimated
Volumes of C&D Materials Generated from Site Clearance and Site Formation
Works
|
Development Stage
|
Volume of Non-Inert C&D Material (m3)
|
Volume of Inert
C&D Material (m3)
|
|
Soft Material
|
Artificial Hard Material
|
Rock
|
|
Initial Phase
|
7,800
|
4,514,800
|
6,200
|
1,001,800
|
|
Main Phase
|
11,700
|
2,066,200
|
9,400
|
1,157,300
|
|
Remaining Phase
|
3,300
|
567,400
|
2,700
|
22,700
|
|
Total [1]
|
22,800
|
7,148,500
|
18,300
|
2,181,800
|
Note:
[1] Total may not add up due
to rounding.
7.5.1.7
It
is estimated that around 22,800 m3 of non-inert C&D materials, and
inert C&D materials including 7,148,500 m3 of soft materials, 18,300 m3 of artificial hard materials, and 2,181,800
m3 of rock materials will be generated from site clearance and site
formation works. 8,250,300
m3 of inert C&D materials generated from the Project are assumed to be suitable for reuse on-site as
backfilling materials and only 1,098,300 m3 of inert C&D materials will be
transported to other concurrent projects for reuse. Potential concurrent
projects such as Remaining Phase of Site Formation and Engineering
Infrastructure Works at Kwu Tung North and Fanling North New Development Area shall be sourced for
reuse of inert C&D materials. Delivery
to the Public Fill
Reception Facilities (PFRFs) should only be considered as the
last resort. The non-inert C&D materials should be reused on-site as much as
possible before disposing at the NENT or WENT Landfill. With proper
implementation of good construction site practice and mitigation measures, the on-site handling
and reuse of site clearance
waste would not cause adverse
environmental impacts.
7.5.1.8
It
is estimated that around 2,568,000 m3 of fill materials will need to be imported during the site clearance and site formation works of the Project. The imported
fill materials are sourced from suitable inert C&D materials generated from
the construction of new buildings and infrastructure as well as other
concurrent projects. The reusable portion of the inert C&D materials generated from the site clearance and site
formation works will be reused on-site as backfilling materials. The Contractor should review the programme during early construction stage to maximise the
quantity of on-site reuse of surplus fill materials. The estimated cut and fill volumes
for the development by year are shown in Table 7.5.
Table 7.5 Estimated
Cut and Fill Volumes for the Site Clearance and Site Formation Works by Year
|
Year
[1]
|
Cut Volume (m3)
(A)
|
Fill Volume (m3)
(B)
|
Net Export / Import
of C&D Material (m3)
(A) – (B) [2]
|
Import Volume of Fill Material
(m3) [2]
|
Cumulative Stockpiling Volume (m3) [2]
|
|
2025
|
2,059,200
|
596,000
|
1,463,200
|
0
|
1,463,200
|
|
2026
|
2,606,200
|
1,290,800
|
1,315,300
|
0
|
2,778,500
|
|
2027
|
1,069,200
|
3,664,000
|
-2,594,800
|
0
|
183,800
|
|
2028
|
1,050,400
|
3,493,900
|
-2,443,400
|
2,259,700
|
0
|
|
2029
|
675,900
|
835,200
|
-159,300
|
159,300
|
0
|
|
2030
|
233,400
|
382,400
|
-149,000
|
149,000
|
0
|
|
2031
|
439,500
|
204,000
|
235,500
|
0
|
235,500
|
|
2032
|
566,100
|
172,100
|
394,000
|
0
|
629,500
|
|
2033
|
430,300
|
110,000
|
320,300
|
0
|
949,800
|
|
2034
|
218,400
|
69,900
|
148,500
|
0
|
1,098,300
|
|
Total [2]
|
9,348,600
|
10,818,300
|
-1,469,700
|
2,568,000
|
1,098,300 [to be reused
in other concurrent projects]
|
Note:
[1] The site clearance and
site formation works shall commence in end 2024. It is therefore assumed that no cut and fill
volumes is anticipated in 2024.
[2] Total may not add up due
to rounding.
Construction of New Buildings
and Infrastructure
7.5.1.9
C&D materials
will also be generated from construction
of new buildings and infrastructures including the construction of
primary and district distributor roads, SPS and associated rising mains, EPP, WRP and
other miscellaneous infrastructure works and will comprise non-inert C&D materials, brick
and concrete. The estimated volumes of
C&D materials generated from construction
of new buildings and infrastructures are shown in Table 7.6. As the anticipated timing for
construction of new buildings and infrastructure overlaps with the site
clearance and site formation works, most inert C&D materials generated from
the Project at the early stage of construction of new buildings and
infrastructure (i.e. from 2026 to 2030), which are considered suitable, will be
reused on-site as backfilling materials in the site clearance and site formation works, reducing the need to
import fill material from other projects. It is
estimated that 646,400 m3 of inert C&D materials generated from the construction of new
buildings and infrastructures will be reused on-site, and approximately 1,921,600
m3 of imported fill will be acquired from other concurrent projects.
However, as the construction of new buildings is carried out by different entities based on land use, the reuse of construction and demolition
materials on-site is subject to further coordination with the
respective parties involved.
Table 7.6 Estimated Volumes of C&D
Materials Generated from Construction of New Buildings and Infrastructures
|
Development Stage
|
Gross Floor Area (m2)
|
Total
C&D Material Generated (m3)
|
Volume of Non- Inert C&D Material (m3)
|
Volume of Inert
C&D Material (m3)
|
|
Initial Phase
|
3,400,500
|
340,000
|
23,800
|
316,200
|
|
Main Phase
|
5,353,200
|
535,300
|
37,500
|
497,800
|
|
Remaining Phase
|
1,879,200
|
187,900
|
13,200
|
174,800
|
|
Total [1]
|
10,632,900
|
1,063,300
|
74,400
|
988,900
|
Note:
[1] Total may not add up due
to rounding.
Temporary Stockpiling Areas
7.5.1.12
As
shown in Table 7.5, the inert C&D materials generated from
site clearance and site formation works shall be temporarily stored within the
Project site as much as possible during Initial Phase, Main Phase and Remaining
Phase of the Project. Since the Project will be implemented in stages,
temporary stockpiling areas have been identified and shown in Figure 7.1 to store the C&D materials for
reuse under the Project.
7.5.1.13
The
estimated volume of stockpiling in 2025 is about 1,463,200 m3. The
total size and holding capacity of the temporary stockpiling area located at
Site OU(RAF).1.2, OU(LSW).1.1 and OU.1.9 are approximately 10.7 ha and 422,400
m3 respectively. As the sites are insufficient for storing the inert
C&D materials generated, nearby concurrent projects such as Advance Site Formation and Engineering Infrastructure Works at Kwu Tung North and Fanling North New Development Areas and Remaining Phase of Site
Formation and Engineering Infrastructure Works at Kwu Tung North and Fanling North New Development Area shall be
sourced to temporarily store the C&D materials subject to further coordination with the respective parties
involved. Where
available, some C&D materials shall be stored within the developing sites
of the Project to minimise the need of external storage.
7.5.1.14
The
estimated volume of stockpiling in 2026 is about 2,778,500 m3. The total size and
holding capacity of the temporary stockpiling area located at Site O.2.1, RSc.2.4
and RSc.2.5 are approximately 12.4 ha and 774,700 m3 respectively.
As the sites are insufficient for storing the inert C&D materials
generated, nearby concurrent projects such as Remaining Phase of Site Formation and Engineering Infrastructure Works at Kwu Tung North and Fanling
North New Development Area shall be sourced to temporarily
store the C&D materials subject to
further coordination with the respective parties involved. Where available, some C&D
materials shall be stored within the developing sites of the Project to
minimise the need of external storage.
7.5.1.15
The
estimated volume of stockpiling in 2027 is about 183,800 m3. The size
and holding capacity of the temporary stockpiling area located at Site OU(MU)2.1.1 are approximately 7.5
ha and 460,500 m3 respectively, which is sufficient for storing the
inert C&D materials generated.
7.5.1.16
In 2028-2030, as the
estimated total fill volume is greater than the cut volume, the C&D
materials will be reused on-site and there are no materials to be stockpiled.
7.5.1.17
The
surplus C&D materials generated from the site clearance and site formation
works in 2031-2034 would be arranged according to Section 7.5.1.7.
7.5.1.18
The
storage and stockpiling of C&D materials prior to utilisation on-site may
contribute to the generation of dust, visual impacts from unsightliness and
water quality impacts from runoff. The disposal of C&D materials also has
the potential to result in noise and dust impacts from loading and unloading
and emissions from haul vehicles. Mitigation and control requirements for
C&D materials are detailed in Sections 7.6.2.1 to 7.6.2.4. Provided that the handling, storage and disposal of C&D materials are in accordance
with these requirements, adverse waste management implications, including
potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise and wastewater discharge, ecology
and public transport, associated with handling, storage and disposal of C&D
waste during the construction phase of the Project are not expected.
Chemical Waste
7.5.1.19
Asbestos
containing materials (ACM) can be found in buildings built before the
mid-1980s. If the buildings or
structures containing ACM need to be demolished, the ACM should be removed in accordance with the requirements of the Air
Pollution Control Ordinance and
disposed of in accordance with the requirements of Waste Disposal Ordinance. A Registered Asbestos Consultant and
Registered Asbestos Laboratory shall be engaged to conduct investigation for
the presence of ACM. An Asbestos
Investigation Report, an Asbestos Abatement Plan (if required) and a
notification of commencement of asbestos abatement
works shall be submitted to EPD at least 28 days before the
asbestos abatement works commences. Also,
the removal of ACM should be carried out by
a Registered Asbestos Contractor according to the approved Asbestos Abatement Plan under the supervision of a Registered
Asbestos Consultant. The asbestos waste generated should be disposed of by a
licensed chemical waste collector in compliance with the Waste Disposal
Ordinance.
7.5.1.20
The
maintenance and servicing of plant, equipment and vehicles will also generate a small amount of chemical waste during the construction phase of the Project. The possible chemical waste includes:
·
Scrap batteries from vehicle maintenance;
·
Spent hydraulic fluids and
waste fuel from plant operation;
·
Spent lubrication oils and
cleaning fluids from plant maintenance; and
·
Spent paint and solvents from equipment maintenance.
7.5.1.21
Chemical waste arising during the construction phase of the Project may pose environmental, health and safety hazards
if not stored and disposed of. The
potential environmental, health
and safety hazards
include:
·
Toxic effects to workers;
·
Adverse impacts on water quality and aquatic biota from spills;
and
·
Fire hazard.
7.5.1.22
It is difficult to quantify the amount of chemical waste that will arise during the construction phase of the Project since it
will be highly dependent on the Contractor’s on- site construction activities and maintenance practices. Nevertheless, it is anticipated that the quantity of chemical waste, such as
lubrication oil and solvent produced from plant and equipment maintenance, would be small and in the order of a
few cubic metres per month. The amount of chemical waste to be generated
would be quantified in the WMP to be prepared by the Contractor.
7.5.1.23
Storage, handling, transport and disposal
of chemical waste should be arranged in accordance with the Code of Practice
on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical
Waste published by the EPD. Wherever
possible opportunities should be taken to
reuse and recycle materials. Mitigation
and control requirements for chemical waste are detailed
in Section 7.6.2.5 to 7.6.2.10.
Provided that the handling,
storage and disposal of chemical waste are in
accordance with these requirements, adverse waste
management implications, including potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge, ecology and public transport, associated with handling, storage and disposal
of chemical waste during the construction phase of the Project are not
expected.
General Refuse
7.5.1.24
During
the construction phase of the Project, the workforce will generate general
refuse comprising food waste, waste paper, empty containers, etc. Storage of general
refuse may give rise to adverse
environmental impacts, such as windblown litter, odour, water and visual impacts,
if not properly managed. The site may also attract vermin and pests if
the waste containers are not cleaned
or maintained properly
and frequently. In addition, disposal of waste at sites other
than the approved waste disposal facilities may lead to similar
adverse environmental impacts
to those sites.
7.5.1.25
The
number of construction workers is not available at this stage
but it is anticipated that there will
be not more than 3,000 staff to be presented on-site
at any one time during each year of the construction
phase of the Project. Based on a generation rate of 0.65 kg per worker per day, around 1,950 kg of general refuse
would be generated daily during the construction phase of the Project. Therefore, it is estimated that
around 8,400 m3, 13,200 m3 and 4,200 m3
general refuse
would be generated during the Initial, Main and Remaining Phase respectively.
7.5.1.26
In order to minimise the final disposal quantities of
general refuse, provision of sufficient number of recycling bins for the collection of different types of recyclable waste (including
paper, aluminium cans, plastic bottles and glass bottles) and sufficient number
of general refuse bins for the collection of non-recyclable waste is
recommended. The Contractor should implement an education programme for workers
relating to avoiding, reducing, reusing and recycling of general refuse. A reputable licensed collector should be employed to collect the general refuse
on a daily basis for disposal at the North West New Territories Refuse
Transfer Station (NWNTTS) or the NENT or WENT Landfill.
7.5.1.27
Mitigation
and control requirements for general refuse are detailed in Section 7.6.2.11 to 7.6.2.12.
Provided that the handling, storage and disposal of general
refuse are in accordance with these requirements, adverse
waste management implications, including potential
hazards, air and odour emissions, noise and wastewater discharge, ecology and
public transport, associated with
handling, storage and disposal of general
refuse during the construction phase of the
Project are not expected.
Excavated Sediment
7.5.1.28
Some
existing ponds and agricultural wet areas will be removed due to the new developments recommended for the Project. Construction works at the existing ponds / wet areas within the Project area
may result in excavated sediment. The
excavated sediment to be generated from the construction will consist of soil and pond sediment.
7.5.1.29
Information on the
quantity and quality of excavated
sediment in the area
is not currently available but it is preliminarily estimated that there
will be 2,029,000 m3 of excavated
sediment. The estimation however
shall be further reviewed and updated when sufficient geotechnical information
is available. Metal-based algaecides
including copper-based algaecides are not commonly
used for fresh water fish farming in Hong Kong due to
the high cost and toxicity to fish. Calcium oxide, which is cheaper, non-toxic to
fish and a more readily available
chemical, is more commonly used to control algae and suspended solids in fish ponds. It is therefore considered unlikely that the excavated sediment
will be contaminated. The excavated sediment,
however, is expected
to have high water content and
high organic content. The excavated
sediment is proposed to be stabilised / solidified
by mixing with cement so that the mixture is suitable for reuse on-site. It is estimated that the process shall take less
than 1.5-months-time inclusive of testing subject to further liaison with
relevant parties. In view of short processing period, the sediment is proposed to be reused directly
at its original location, and all excavated sediment is anticipated to be
suitable for reuse. Transportation arrangement for the excavated sediment is
therefore not required.
7.5.1.30
All excavated
sediment generated from the pond excavation works should be collected
and handled in compliance with the Waste Disposal Ordinance. Soil mixing
or cement mixing work is suggested to improve the physical properties of the excavated sediment such that the grading
and plasticity of the mixture will be suitable for reuse on-site as backfilling materials in the Project.
Mitigation and control requirements for
excavated sediment are detailed in Section 7.6.2.13. Provided that the
handling of excavated sediment are in accordance with these requirements, adverse waste management implications, including
potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge, ecology and public transport, associated
with handling of excavated sediment during the
construction phase of the Project are not expected.
Floating Refuse
7.5.2
Transportation
Arrangement for Waste Disposal during Construction Phase
7.5.2.1
Land
transport should be used to deliver and dispose of the waste generated from the Project area to the designated disposal
outlets. It is anticipated that there would
be around 200 vehicles
per day for transporting waste during the construction phase of the Project. The tentative
transportation routings for the disposal
of various types of wastes
generated during the construction phase of the Project are shown in Table 7.7. No barging points or conveyor
systems will be established in the Project
area. The transportation
routings may change subject to the actual traffic conditions of the roads. Nevertheless,
with the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures (e.g. using water-tight containers and covered
trucks), no adverse
environmental impacts are expected
due to the transportation of waste.
Table 7.7 Tentative Transportation Routings
for Waste Disposal During Construction Phase
|
Disposal Outlet
|
Type of Waste
|
Tentative Transportation Routing
|
|
Potential concurrent projects listed in Section 7.5.1.7
and PFRFs subject to the designation from the PFC
|
Inert C&D
Materials
|
Concurrent projects: Via San Tin Highway, Fanling Highway and Po Shek Wu Road
PFRF: Via San
Tin Highway, Yuen Long Highway, Tuen Mun Road, Wong Chu Road, Lung Fu Road and Lung Mun Road
(example for Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank)
(196 vehicles per day)
|
|
NENT Landfill or WENT Landfill
|
Non-inert C&D Materials and ACM
|
NENT Landfill: Via San Tin Highway, Fanling Highway, So Kwun Po Road, Ma Sik Road, Sha Tau
Kok Road, Wo Keng Shan Road.
WENT Landfill: Via San Tin Highway, Yuen Long
Highway, Tuen Mun Road, Wong Chu Road, Lung Mun Road, Lung Kwu Tan Road, Nim Wan Road
(2 vehicles per day)
|
|
NWNTTS
or NENT Landfill or WENT Landfill
|
General Refuse and Floating
Refuse (if any)
|
NWNTTS: Via San Tin Highway, Yuen Long
Highway, Long Tin Road, Castle Peak Road, Shun Tat Street
NENT or WENT Landfill: same as non-inert materials
(2 vehicles per day)
|
|
CWTC
|
Chemical Waste
|
Via San
Tin Highway, Tsing Long
Highway, Tsing Sha Highway and Tsing Yi Road
(1 vehicle per day)
|
Remark:
It is assumed that each vehicle has a capacity of 7m3 and
operates 6 days a week and 48 weeks a year.
7.5.3
Construction
Phase Waste Summary
7.5.3.1
Table 7.8 provides a summary of the waste types likely to
be generated during the construction
phase of the Project, together with the recommended handling and disposal methods.
Table 7.8 Summary of Waste Arising, Waste Handling Procedures and Disposal Routes
during the Construction Phase of the Project
|
Waste Type
|
Generated from
|
Materials to be Generated
|
Total Amount to be Generated
|
Handling Procedures
|
Handling/Disposal Routes
|
|
Construction and Demolition (C&D)
Materials
|
Ÿ Materials generated from site clearance
and site formation works
|
Ÿ Non-inert C&D
materials
Ø Top soil, vegetation and wood
waste, etc.
Ø Bamboo, timber,
paper and plastic, etc.
|
Ÿ 22,800 m3
|
Ÿ Reusable materials should be separated and recycled as far as practicable
|
Ÿ Reused on-site
as much as possible. Materials that cannot be reused nor recycled
will be disposed of at the NENT
or WENT Landfill
|
|
Ÿ Inert C&D
materials
Ø Soft materials
Ø Artificial hard materials
Ø Rock
|
Ÿ 9,348,600 m3
|
Ÿ Reusable materials
should be separated and recycled as far as practicable
|
Ÿ Sorted materials will be stored at the temporary stockpiling areas and reused
as much as possible before
being used for construction by other concurrent projects or delivered to PFRFs
subject to the designation from the PFC for
beneficial use
|
|
Ÿ Materials generated from construction
of new buildings and
infrastructures
|
Ÿ Non-inert C&D
materials
Ø Top soil, vegetation and wood
waste, etc.
Ø Bamboo, timber,
paper and plastic, etc.
|
Ÿ 74,400 m3
|
Ÿ Reusable materials
should be separated and recycled as far as practicable
|
Ÿ Reused on-site
as much as possible. Materials that cannot be reused nor recycled
will be disposed of at the NENT or
WENT Landfill
|
|
Ÿ Inert C&D
materials
Ø Soft materials
Ø Artificial hard materials
Ø All grade granite
|
Ÿ 988,900 m3
|
Ÿ Reusable materials should be separated and recycled as far as practicable
|
Ÿ Sorted materials will be reused on-site
as much as possible. The remainder to be delivered to PFRFs subject to the
designation from the PFC for beneficial use
|
|
Chemical Waste
|
Ÿ Building demolition
Ÿ
Plant operation and maintenance
Ÿ Maintenance of mechanical equipment
|
Ÿ Asbestos containing materials (ACM)
Ÿ Oil and grease, scrap
batteries, used paint,
fuel, etc.
Ÿ Cleansing fluids
and solvents from
construction plant and equipment
|
Ÿ ACM: To be
verified prior to construction stage
Ÿ Other chemical
waste: A few cubic metres per month
|
Ÿ Other chemical
waste: Stored in compatible containers in designated area on-site
Ÿ ACM and other
chemical waste: Collected by licensed collectors
|
Ÿ ACM: disposed of at the NENT
or WENT Landfill
Ÿ Other chemical
waste: Recycled by licensed facility and/or disposal of at the CWTC
|
|
General Refuse
|
Ÿ Refuse generated from construction
works and site-based staff and workers.
|
Ÿ Food waste,
containers, cans and waste paper, etc.
|
Ÿ Around 1,950 kg per day
|
Ÿ Provide on-site
collection points together with recycling bins
Ÿ Collected by a
licensed collector
|
Ÿ Recycled at recycling facilities and/or disposed of at the NWNTTS and/or the NENT
or WENT Landfill
|
|
Excavated Sediment
|
Ÿ Excavated sediment generated from pond excavation works
|
Ÿ Pond sediment
|
Ÿ Around 2,029,000 m3
|
Ÿ All excavated
sediment generated from pond excavation works should be collected and handled
in compliance with the Waste Disposal Ordinance
|
Ÿ The excavated sediment should be stabilized and
solidified for reuse
on site
|
|
Floating Refuse
|
Ÿ
Construction
activities along river channels or water bodies
|
Ÿ Litter and debris
|
Ÿ Insignificant
|
Ÿ Dispose together with general refuse, after separating the recyclables
for recycling
Ÿ Collected by a
licensed collector
|
Ÿ Recycled at recycling facilities and/or disposed of at the NWNTTS and/or the
NENT or WENT Landfill
|
7.5.4
Operation
Phase
7.5.4.1
In
accordance with Annex 7 and Annex 15 of the EIAO-TM as well as the requirements set out under Clause 3.4.8 of the EIA
Study Brief (No. ESB-340/2021), an application for an EP will be submitted
for a number of Schedule
2 DPs under this Project.
Activities identified in S7.5.1.1,
including the DPs identified under Schedule 2 and Schedule 3 and some non-DP elements
in the Revised RODP (Section 2.4), have been included in the waste management implication assessment for the operation
phase:
7.5.4.2
The
operation phase activities to be carried out for the Project will generate a
variety of waste types. Typical waste types arising from the proposed
works are identified in this section, together
with an evaluation of the potential waste management impacts
associated with the handling and disposal of waste. Table 7.9 lists out the sources and examples
of the identified waste types.
Table 7.9 Identification of Waste Types during the Operation Phase of the Project
|
Waste Type
|
Source of Waste
|
Example of Waste
|
|
Municipal Solid Waste
(MSW)
|
Ÿ Domestic waste generated from future residences of public and private housing
Ÿ Commercial and industrial (C&I) waste generated from enterprise and technology parks,
offices and recreation sites
|
Ÿ Food waste, containers, cans and waste paper, etc.
Ÿ
Scrap materials, e.g. metals, etc.
|
|
Chemical Waste
|
Ÿ Chemical waste generated from
Ø Public facilities operation (e.g. EPP)
Ø Maintenance activities (e.g.
buildings, infrastructure,
roads, etc.)
|
Ÿ Paint, lubricants and used batteries, etc.
|
|
Screenings, Grits and
Sewage Sludge
|
Ÿ Screenings
and grits generated from sewage
treatment process
Ÿ Dewatered sludge generated from sewage
treatment process
|
Ÿ Screenings and grits
Ÿ Dewatered sludge
|
Municipal Solid Waste
7.5.4.3
The
generation of MSW will be of most concern
during the operation stage, which comprise
domestic waste and C&I waste. Table 7.10 shows the historical geographical variation in waste arising between
2017 and 2021.
Table 7.10 Historical Geographical Variation in Waste Arising (2017 – 2021)
|
|
Average Domestic Waste (kg/person/day)
|
Average Commercial &
Industrial Waste (kg/employee/day)
|
|
District
|
2017
|
2018
|
2019
|
2020
|
2021
|
2017
|
2018
|
2019
|
2020
|
2021
|
|
Yuen Long
|
0.99
|
1.17
|
1.06
|
1.14
|
1.16
|
0.93
|
1.11
|
1.00
|
0.97
|
1.13
|
|
New Territories
|
0.78
|
0.84
|
0.95
|
0.86
|
0.88
|
0.70
|
0.80
|
0.76
|
0.71
|
0.80
|
|
Hong Kong
|
0.87
|
0.90
|
0.87
|
0.91
|
0.94
|
0.59
|
0.63
|
0.60
|
0.53
|
0.59
|
Sources:
1.
Monitoring of Solid Waste in Hong Kong 2017-2021 (EPD, 2018-2022).
2.
Population Census Summary
Results, 2011, 2016, 2021 (CSD, 2012,
2017, 2022).
7.5.4.4
For
a worst case assumption on future MSW generation, the
per capita generation rates of
domestic and C&I waste during the development period (2031 – 2039) have
been calculated based on the average
annual change of MSW generation at
Yuen Long District using linear
regression model. This model is applied
uniformly to the year of completion for each development stage, without regard to variation
within socio- economic
groups.
Domestic waste Yt = 0.031(t –
16) + 1.0101
C&I waste Yt = 0.0259(t – 16) + 0.9522
Where: Yt = waste generation rate at year t (in kg/person/day for
domestic waste and in
kg/employee/day for C&I
waste)
t = year in last two figures of the
year (e.g. “17” in 2017).
7.5.4.5
Table 7.11 shows the calculated per capita domestic and
C&I waste generation rates for each
development stage (2031 – 2039) based on the average annual change of MSW generation at Yuen Long District using linear regression model.
Table 7.11 Calculated Per Capita Domestic
and C&I Waste Generation Rates for Each Development Stage (2031 – 2039)
|
Year of Population Intake
|
Domestic Waste
Generation Rates (kg/person/day)
|
C&I Waste Generation Rates
(kg/employee/day)
|
|
2031
|
1.48
|
1.34
|
|
2032
|
1.51
|
1.37
|
|
2033
|
1.54
|
1.39
|
|
2034
|
1.57
|
1.42
|
|
2035
|
1.60
|
1.44
|
|
2036
|
1.63
|
1.47
|
|
2037
|
1.66
|
1.50
|
|
2038
|
1.69
|
1.52
|
|
2039 [1]
|
1.72
|
1.55
|
Note:
[1] The timeline of development after 2039 is uncertain. It is assumed
to be included in 2039.
7.5.4.6
The
Project targets to accommodate approximately 147,000 to
159,000 residents and 165,000 employees upon development completion. Based on the calculated domestic and C&I waste generation rates for each development
stage as shown in Table 7.11, the estimated domestic waste, C&I waste
and total MSW generated in the development stages are provided in Table 7.12.
Table 7.12 Projected Quantities of
Domestic and C&I Waste Arising for Each Development Stage (2031 – 2039) [1]
|
Year of Population Intake
|
Strategic Residents (Population)
|
Projected Domestic Waste (tonnes/day)
|
Strategic Employees (Population)
|
Projected C&I Waste (tonnes/day)
|
Total Projected Municipal Solid Waste (tonnes/day)
|
|
2031
|
16,400
|
24
|
18,400
|
25
|
49
|
|
2032
|
-
|
-
|
10,300
|
14
|
14
|
|
2033
|
13,300
|
20
|
23,900
|
33
|
54
|
|
2034
|
56,700
|
89
|
67,200
|
95
|
184
|
|
2035
|
7,500
|
12
|
1,700
|
2
|
14
|
|
2036
|
-
|
|
8,400
|
12
|
12
|
|
2037
|
7,600
|
13
|
16,000
|
24
|
37
|
|
2038
|
-
|
-
|
200
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
|
2039 [2]
|
57,800
|
100
|
19,300
|
30
|
130
|
|
Total [3]
|
159,000
|
258
|
165,000
|
235.3
|
494.3
|
Note:
[1] This projection covers the first intake in 2031 to mass intake in
2039, and thereafter covering the targeted population in the operation phase of
the Project.
[2] The timeline of development after 2039 is uncertain. It is assumed
to be included in 2039.
[3] Total may not add up due to rounding.
7.5.4.7
As
shown in Table 7.12, the projected domestic waste requiring
disposal is 258 tonnes per day and
the projected C&I waste requiring disposal is 253 tonnes per day. As such, the total MSW requiring
disposal would be more
than 500 tonnes per day.
7.5.4.8
An effective
and efficient waste handling system is essential
in order to
minimise potential adverse
environmental impacts during waste storage, collection and transport. Such impacts may include odour if waste is not collected frequently; water quality if waste enters storm water drains;
aesthetics and vermin problems if the waste storage area is not well maintained and cleaned regularly. The waste
handling system may also facilitate materials recovery and recycling.
7.5.4.9
Opportunities
to reduce disposal of food waste at landfill has been provided at the proposed
EPP equipped with co-digestion function.
Based on the latest design information, about 100 tonnes of food waste
would be received at the food waste pre-treatment facility daily. This would help divert food waste disposal at
landfill.
7.5.4.10
In
accordance with Chapter 9 of the Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines, a refuse collection point (RCP) is required
to serve the needs of each population of 20,000 persons or areas within a distance of 500
metres, whereas a refuse
transfer station (RTS) is required
to provide a handling capacity between 100 and 1,000 tonnes in New Town Areas, which is equivalent to between 100,000
and 1,000,000 population. To cope with the new population waste generation and to support
the existing NWNTTS, Sites OU(RCP).1.8 and OU(RCP).5.5 have been allocated for
construction of a new RCPs and Site OU(RTS/RRF).1.9 have been allocated for
construction of a new RTS and resource recovery facilities (RRF). Based on the Revised
RODP, the planned capacity of the RTS would be at 3,000 tpd,
which is sufficient to handle the MSW disposed as detailed in Table 7.12.
7.5.4.11
Based
on the latest construction programme for the development of the new RCPs and RTS as shown in the Revised RODP, one of the
RCPs and is scheduled to commission
under Initial Phase in 2032. On the other hand, the new RTS and the other RCP will
be scheduled to commission under Initial Phase in 2033. A RRF is co-located
with the RTS. Waste recycling facilities / containers
are recommended to be included in the RCPs. It
is expected that there will be sufficient refuse transfer capacity to handle
the general refuse arising during the
operation phase of the Project. The MSW will be transported to the RCPs
or RTS then to the NENT Landfill for disposal.
7.5.4.12
The
waste should be sorted to recover materials (such as paper, aluminium cans,
plastic bottles
and glass bottles, etc.) as far as possible before disposal at the landfill. Different containers
should be provided for the storage of different
recyclable materials (e.g. fluorescent lamps, toner cartridges, rechargeable batteries, scrap electrical and electronic
appliances, etc.). To avoid potential
odour nuisance to the residents during transport
of waste, enclosed waste collection trucks should be used
and the collection route and time
should be properly planned. The new RCPs and RTS should contain compactors and/or related equipment
to provide adequate
waste handling services
within the Project area and odour treatment units to remove odourous gas in the air before discharging to the environment.
At least daily collection should be arranged by the waste collectors.
7.5.4.13
Mitigation
and control requirements for MSW are detailed in Sections 7.6.3.1 and 7.6.3.2.
Provided that the handling, storage and disposal of MSW are in accordance with these requirements, adverse waste management
implications, including potential hazards, air
and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge, ecology and public transport,
associated with handling, storage and disposal of MSW during the operation
phase of the Project are not expected.
Chemical Waste
7.5.4.14
Chemical
waste such as paints, lubricants and used batteries may be generated during maintenance activities and operation from
public facilities. This waste may pose
environmental, health and safety hazards. Measures
as stipulated in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation and the Code of Practice on the Packaging,
Labelling and Storage of Chemical Waste should
be strictly followed for the handling and disposal of chemical waste. The quantity
of chemical waste to be generated during the operation
is expected to be small and in the order of a few cubic metres per
month.
7.5.4.15
Should
any chemical waste be generated, the operator should register with EPD as a chemical waste producer. The chemical waste would be readily accepted
for disposal of at the CWTC in Tsing
Yi. This chemical waste should be
collected periodically in drum- type containers by licensed chemical
waste collectors. Mitigation and control requirements for chemical waste are detailed
in Section 7.6.3.3. Provided that the handling,
storage and disposal
of chemical waste are in accordance with these requirements, adverse waste management
implications, including the potential hazards,
air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge, ecology and public
transport, associated with handling, storage
and disposal of chemical waste during the operation phase of the Project are not expected.
Screenings, Grits
and Sewage Sludge
7.5.4.16
The
proposed STLMC EPP is designed to handle the sewage arising from the Project. Tertiary
treatment and secondary plus treatment are assumed for the proposed STLMC EPP subject
to detailed design. The design capacity
of STLMC EPP is 125,000 m3 per day and the major solid
waste types produced from the operation are screenings and grits collected
from the inlet works and dewatered sludge associated with the sewage treatment
process. It is estimated that around 22
m3 per day of screenings and grits
would be generated from the proposed new STLMC EPP during the operation
phase of the Project. Screenings and grits should be properly stored
in a covered container and disposed
of daily to the NENT Landfill. The
transportation and disposal of the screenings
and grits would be managed and controlled by a reputable waste collector
employed by the operator to reduce any potential
pest odour and litter impacts.
7.5.4.17
Sludge
thickening tank is suggested to reduce the volume of primary sludge generated from primary sedimentation tank in the new
STLMC EPP. Anaerobic co-digestion of
sewage sludge and pre-treated food waste from the food waste pre-treatment
facility is designed to generate biogas for utilization onsite. The food waste
co-digestion is considered for the sludge estimation. The co-digestion for food waste and sewage
sludge is assumed to be 1:1 in the digesters, the estimated amount of sludge
contributed by food waste is roughly 50%. Centrifuge or filter press are suggested for
digested sludge dewatering. Approximately 160 m3/day dewatered
sludge cake at 30% w/w dry solids content would be generated for disposal
during operation phase of the project. Dewatered sludge should be properly stored in
a covered container after the sludge
dewatering process and disposed of daily to the Sludge Treatment Facility (STF)
in Tuen Mun (subject to detailed
design) . The dewatered sludge would be delivered by road transport
in water tight containers or skips to avoid odour emission
during transportation to the STF. Mitigation
and control requirements for
screenings, grits and sewage sludge are detailed in Section 7.6.3.4. Provided that the handling, storage and
disposal of screenings, grits and sewage sludge are in accordance with these requirements, adverse waste management implications, including potential hazards, air and odour emissions,
noise, wastewater discharge, ecology and public transportation, associated with handling,
storage and disposal
of screenings, grits and sewage sludge during
the operation phase of the Project are not
expected.
7.5.5
Transportation
Arrangement for Waste Disposal During Operation Phase
7.5.5.1
Land
transport should be used to deliver and dispose of the waste generated from the Project area to the designated disposal
outlets. It is
expected there will be around 50 vehicles
per day for transporting waste during the operation phase of the Project. The transportation
routings for the disposal of various types of waste generated during the operation phase of the Project are shown
in Table 7.13. The transportation routings may change subject to the actual traffic conditions of the roads. Nevertheless, with the
implementation of appropriate mitigation measures (e.g. using water-tight
containers and covered trucks), no adverse environmental impacts are expected
due to the transportation of waste.
Table 7.13 Tentative Transportation Routings
for Waste Disposal During Operation Phase
|
Disposal Outlet
|
Type of Waste
|
Tentative Transportation Routing
|
|
NENT Landfill
|
MSW from RTS, Screenings and Grits
from STLMC EPP
|
Via San Tin Highway, Fanling
Highway, So Kwun Po Road, Ma Sik Road, Sha Tau Kok Road, Wo Keng Shan Road
(23 vehicles per day)
|
|
CWTC
|
Chemical Waste
|
Via San
Tin Highway, Tsing Long
Highway, Tsing Sha Highway and Tsing Yi Road
(1 vehicle per day)
|
|
STF
(subject to detailed design)
|
Dewatered Sludge from STLMC
EPP
|
Via San
Tin Highway, Yuen Long Highway,
Tuen Mun Road, Wong Chu Road, Lung Fu Road, Lung Mun Road, Lung Kwu Tan Road and Nim Wan Road
(23 vehicles per day)
|
Remark:
It is assumed that each vehicle has a capacity of 7m3 and
operates 6 days a week and 48 weeks a year.
7.5.6
Operation
Phase Waste Summary
7.5.6.1
Table 7.14 provides a summary of the waste types likely to
be generated during the operation
phase of the Project, together with the recommended handling and disposal methods.
Table 7.14 Summary of Waste Arising, Waste Handling Procedures and Disposal Routes
during the Operation Phase of the Project
|
Waste Type
|
Generated from
|
Materials to be Generated
|
Total Amount to be Generated
|
Handling Procedures
|
Handling/Disposal Routes
|
|
Municipal Solid
Waste (MSW)
|
Ÿ Domestic waste
generated from future
residences of public
and private housing
Ÿ Commercial and industrial (C&I) waste generated from
enterprise and technology parks, offices and recreation sites
|
Ÿ Food waste,
containers, cans and waste paper, etc.
Ÿ Scrap materials, e.g. metals, etc.
|
Ÿ Domestic and C&I waste:
More than 500
tonnes per day
|
Ÿ Provided on-site
collection points together with recycling bins
Ÿ Collected by a licensed collector
|
Ÿ Recycled at recycling facilities
and/or disposed of at the new RCPs,
RTS and/or the NENT Landfill
Ÿ For
source-separated food waste, pre-treated at food-waste pre-treatment
facilities and co-digested at proposed STLMC EPP.
|
|
Chemical Waste
|
Ÿ Chemical waste
generated from
Ø Public facilities operation (e.g. STW, liquefied petroleum gas filling stations, petrol filling stations, etc.)
Ø Maintenance activities (e.g. buildings, infrastructures, roads,
etc.)
|
Ÿ
Paint, lubricants and used batteries, etc.
|
Ÿ A few cubic metres per month
|
Ÿ Stored in compatible containers in designated area
on-site
Ÿ Collected by licensed collectors
|
Ÿ Recycled by licensed facility or disposed of at the CWTC
|
|
Screenings, Grits and
Sewage Sludge
|
Ÿ Screenings, grits and dewatered sludge
generated from STW
|
Ÿ Screenings and grits
Ÿ Dewatered sludge
|
Ÿ Screening and
grits: 22 m3 per day
Ÿ Dewatered sludge:
Around 160 m3 per day
|
Ÿ Stored in bins or
other containers in designated area
on-site
Ÿ Collected by licensed collectors
|
Ÿ Screenings and grits are disposed
of at the NENT Landfill
Ÿ Dewatered sludge
are disposed of at the STF
(subject to detailed design)
|
7.6.1
General
Waste Management Hierarchy
7.6.1.1
The
waste management hierarchy has been applied in the assessment and development of mitigation measures for waste which aims at evaluating the desirability of waste management methods
and includes the following in descending preference:
·
Avoidance and minimisation of
waste generation;
·
Reuse of materials as far as practicable;
·
Recovery and recycling of
residual materials where possible; and
·
Treatment and disposal of waste
according to relevant laws, guidelines and good
practices.
7.6.1.2
Recommendations of good site practices and waste reduction
measures should be stated
in order to achieve avoidance and minimisation of waste generation in the waste management hierarchy. To minimize C&D materials generation and
encourage proper management of such materials, a C&DMMP should be
prepared. An EMP and trip-ticket system
are recommended for monitoring management
of waste. Specific measures targeting
the mitigation of impacts in works areas and the transportation of waste off-site
should be provided
to minimise the potential impacts to the surrounding environment.
Good Site Practices
7.6.1.3
Good
site practices should be included as part of the contract requirements to be
addressed during the detailed design
stage of the development by the Contractor. Adverse waste
management implications are not expected provided that good site
practices are strictly implemented. The following
good site practices
are recommended during the construction phase:
·
Nomination of an approved
personnel, such as a site manager, to be responsible for the implementation of
good site practices;
·
Training of site personnel in
site cleanliness, proper waste management and chemical handling procedures;
·
Provision of sufficient waste
disposal points and regular collection of waste for disposal;
·
Adoption of appropriate
measures to minimise windblown litter and dust during handling, transportation and disposal of waste; and
·
Preparation of a WMP in accordance with the ETWB TCW No. 19/2005 Environmental Management on Construction
Sites and submitted it to the Engineer for approval.
Waste Reduction Measures
7.6.1.4
Amount
of waste generation can be significantly reduced through good management and control. Waste reduction is best achieved by proper
planning and design at the planning and
design phases, as well as by ensuring the implementation of good
site practices. The following recommendations are proposed to achieve
waste reduction:
·
Segregate and store different
types of waste in different
containers, skips or stockpiles to enhance
reuse or recycling of
materials and their proper disposal;
·
Adopt proper storage and site practices to minimise the potential for
damage to, and contamination of, construction materials;
·
Plan the delivery and stock of
construction materials carefully to minimise the amount of waste generated;
·
Sort out demolition debris and
excavated materials from demolition works to recover reusable / recyclable
portions (i.e. soil, rock, broken concrete, etc.);
·
Maximise the use of reusable
steel formwork to reduce the amount of C&D materials;
·
Minimise over ordering of
concrete, mortars and cement grout by doing careful
check before ordering; and
·
Adopt pre-cast construction method instead of cast-in-situ method for construction of concrete structures as far as possible.
Storage, Collection and Transportation of Waste
7.6.1.5
Storage
of materials on-site may induce adverse environmental impacts if not properly managed.
The following recommendations should be implemented to minimise the impacts:
·
Waste, such as soil, should be handled and stored well to ensure
secure containment, thus minimising the potential of pollution;
·
Maintain and clean storage
areas routinely;
·
Stockpiling area should be
provided with covers and water spraying system to prevent materials from being
wind-blown or washed away; and
·
Different locations should be designated to stockpile each material to enhance reuse.
7.6.1.6
Waste
hauler with appropriate permits should be employed by the Contractor for the collection and transportation of waste
from works areas to respective disposal outlets. The following recommendation should be implemented to minimise the impacts:
·
Remove waste in timely manner;
·
Employ the trucks with cover or
enclosed containers for waste transportation;
·
Obtain relevant waste disposal
permits from the appropriate authorities; and
·
Dispose of waste at licensed
waste disposal facilities.
7.6.2
Construction
Phase
Construction and Demolition
Materials
7.6.2.2
A total generation of 10,337,500 m3 of inert
C&D materials is estimated from site clearance and site formation works as
well as construction of new buildings and infrastructures. The
inert C&D materials with suitable characteristics / size should be reused
on-site as fill or recycled as aggregate for other projects as far as
practicable. When disposing C&D material at a public filling reception
facility for beneficial reuse, the
material should only consist of soil, rock, concrete, brick, cement plaster /
mortar, inert building debris, aggregates and asphalt.
The material should be free from household refuse, plastic, metals, industrial
and chemical waste, animal and vegetable matter, and other material considered
to be unsuitable by the Filling Supervisor. Prior to disposal of non-inert
C&D materials, wood, steel and other metals should
also be separated for reuse and / or recycling where practicable so as to
minimise the quantity of waste to be disposed of at landfill.
7.6.2.3
Suitable
areas should be designated within the site boundaries for sorting and providing
temporary stockpiling of C&D materials.
Within stockpile areas, the following measures should be taken to
control potential environmental impacts or nuisance:
·
Surface of stockpiled soil
should be regularly wetted with water especially during dry season;
·
Disturbance of stockpile soil
should be minimised;
·
Stockpiled soil should be
properly covered with tarpaulin especially during heavy storms are predicted;
and
·
Stockpiling areas should be
enclosed where space is available.
7.6.2.4
In order to monitor the delivery of C&D materials at the designated public fill
reception facility and landfill and to control fly-tipping, a trip-ticket
system should be included. A recording
system for the amount of waste generated, recycled and
disposed, including the disposal sites, should also be set up. Warning signs should be put up to remind the
designated disposal sites. CCTV should
also be installed at the vehicular entrance and exit of the site to monitor
handling of C&D materials disposal. To
prohibit illegal dumping and landfilling of C&D materials, as well as
proper delivery to concurrent project sites for re-use, the dump trucks engaged
on site should be equipped with GPS or equivalent automatic system for real
time tracking and monitoring of their travel routings, parking locations and
disposal activities.
Chemical Waste
7.6.2.6
Sufficient and reasonable lead time shall be allowed
for preparation, vetting
and implementation of Asbestos Investigation Report and Asbestos
Abatement Plan in accordance with Air Pollution
Control Ordinance before commencement of any demolition or site clearance work.
7.6.2.7
Some
key precautionary measures related to the handling and disposal of asbestos are listed as
following:
·
Adoption of protection, such as
full containment, mini containment, or segregation of work area;
·
Provision of decontamination
facilities for cleaning of workings, equipment and bagged waste before leaving
the work area;
·
Adoption of engineering control
techniques to prevent fibre release from work area, such as use of negative
pressure equipment with high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters to
control air flow between the work area and the outside environment;
·
Wetting of asbestos containing
materials before and during disturbance, minimising the breakage and dropping
of asbestos containing materials, and packing of debris and waste immediately
after it is produced;
·
Cleaning of work area by wet
wiping and vacuuming with HEPA-filtered vacuum cleaner;
·
Coating on any surfaces
previously in contact with or contained by asbestos with a sealant;
·
Proper bagging, safe storage
and disposal of asbestos and asbestos-contaminated waste;
·
Pre-treatment of all effluent from the work area before
discharged; and
· Air
monitoring strategy to check the leakage and clearance of the work area during and
after the asbestos work.
7.6.2.8
The
handling and disposal of ACM will be carried out in accordance with the EPD’s
Code of Practice on Handling,
Transportation and Disposal of Asbestos Waste and ProPECC PN 2/97 Handling of Asbestos Containing Materials in Buildings.
7.6.2.9
For those processes which generated chemical
waste, it may be possible
to find alternatives to eliminate the use of chemicals, to reduce the
generation quantities or to select a
chemical type of less impact on
environment, health and safety
as far as possible.
General Refuse
7.6.2.12
The
contractor should carry out an education programme for workers in avoiding,
reducing, reusing and recycling of materials generation.
Posters and leaflets advising on the use of the bins should also be
provided onsite as reminders. The
recyclable waste materials should then be collected by reliable waste recycling
agents on a daily basis.
Excavated Sediment
7.6.2.13
Since
the amount of excavated sediment generated from the pond excavation works is
expected to be small, all excavated sediment will be treated and reused on-site as backfilling materials
for the Project. This approach avoids the need for off-site disposal that may result in impacts on the marine
environment. In addition, all construction
works near the watercourses should be undertaken within a dry zone and during dry season to avoid adverse impacts
to the environment. The excavated sediment, if stockpiled on site, should be stored in enclosed
containers and transported to
the on-site treatment facilities as soon as practicable to minimise any
potential odour impacts.
Floating Refuse
7.6.3
Operation
Phase
Municipal Solid Waste
·
Recycling bins such as paper,
aluminium cans, plastic bottles, glass bottles, etc. should be placed at
prominent locations to encourage recycling;
·
Banner should be erected at the
recycling bins area;
·
Operator should make
arrangements with the recycler to collect and recycle used fluorescent lamps,
toner cartridges as well as the scrap electronic equipment, such as computers
to avoid disposal at landfills as far as practicable;
·
Staff awareness training should
be provided on waste management procedures, including waste reduction and recycling;
·
Operator should set up waste
reduction and recycled targets; and
·
Operator should participate in the Wastewi$e Label scheme to facilitate waste reduction.
7.6.3.2
MSW
generated from residential, commercial and industrial buildings should be
collected with lidded bins, delivered
to the refuse collection room and stored in enclosed
containers installed in each building at the ground floor to prevent
windblown, vermin, water pollution
and visual impact. At least daily
collection should be arranged by the waste
collector to transport the waste to the RCPs or RTS within the STLMDC DN. Odour removal
installations are recommended to be installed at the RCPs and RTS to treat the exhaust
air. Such arrangements will minimise
potential environmental impacts. The above recommendations are proposed as technical guidelines for the operator’s consideration and will be subject
to detailed design.
Chemical Waste
Screenings, Grits
and Sewage Sludge
7.7.1.1
With the implementation of recommended mitigation measures for the handling, transportation and disposal of the
identified waste, no residual waste management
implications would be anticipated during both the
construction and operation
phases.
7.8.1.1
Waste
management implication assessment for the construction and operation phases of the Project was carried out taking into account the DPs under Schedule 2 and Schedule
3. It is noted that the DPs under
Schedule 2 would mostly contributed to the generation of C&D materials during
the construction phase of the Project.
The majority
of the non-inert
C&D materials would be generated
from construction of new buildings and infrastructures, while the
majority of the inert C&D materials
would be generated from refinement of site formation level and the proposed construction activities. Since most of the inert C&D materials
generated from the Project would be
reused as backfilling materials, the DPs under Schedule 2 are not anticipated
to result in any adverse environmental impacts.
7.9
Conclusion
7.9.1.1
The
main waste types to be generated during the construction phase of the Project
will include C&D materials, chemical
waste, general refuse,
excavated sediment, and floating refuse. It is estimated that a total of 10,337,500 m3 of inert
C&D materials will be generated from site clearance and site formation
works as well as construction of new buildings and infrastructures. Reduction measures have been recommended to minimise the amount of materials
generated by the Project
by reusing C&D materials
as far as practicable before
off-site disposal. Provided that the
waste is handled, transported and disposed
of using approved methods, adverse waste
management implications, including potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge, ecology and public transport,
associated with handling, storage and disposal
of wastes during the
construction phase of the Project are not expected.
7.9.1.2
The
main waste types to be generated during the operation phase of the Project will include MSW, chemical waste, screenings, grits and sewage sludge.
New RCPs and a new RTS will
be included in the Revised
RODP in preparation for the increased
quantity of waste in the district. The proposed
waste infrastructure will provide convenient collection of recyclables from the local
community, and to provide synergy to achieve
better operational efficiency and environmental sustainability. Provided that the waste is handled, transported
and disposed of using approved methods, adverse waste management implications, including potential hazards, air
and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge, ecology and public transport, associated with handling, storage and disposal
of wastes during the operation
phase of the Project are not
expected.