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Table of
Contents |
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1
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Introduction |
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2 |
The need for an Offshore Wind Farm in
Hong Kong and the Key Compoment of Development |
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3 |
Identification of Alternative Site
Locations |
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4 |
Consideration of Design and Engineering
Alternatives |
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5 |
Project Description |
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6 |
Water Quality Impact |
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7 |
Waste Management Assessment |
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8 |
Terrestrial Ecology |
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9 |
Marine Ecology Assessment |
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10 |
Fisheries Impact |
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11 |
Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment |
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12 |
Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment |
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13 |
Summary of Environmental Outcomes |
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14 |
Environmental Monitoring and Audit
Measures |
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15 |
Conclusions |
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Figure
List |
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Figure 1.1 |
Location ofthe SW Lamma Offshore
Windfarm and Cable Route |
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Figure 3.1 |
Potential
Areas for Development of an Onshore Wind Farm |
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Figure 3.2 |
Key Areas of Conservation
Importance |
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Figure 3.3 |
Key Marine Fisheries Resources and
Operations |
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Figure 3.4 |
Key Port Operations |
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Figure 3.5 |
Key Seabed Features |
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Figure 3.6 |
Hong Kong Disneyland Resort
Development Height Restrictions |
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Figure 3.7 |
Hong Kong Airport Height
Restrictions |
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Figure 3.8 |
Areas of High Offshore Wind
Resources |
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Figure 3.9 |
Water Depth |
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Figure 3.10 |
Gazetted Bathing Beaches within
the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) |
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Figure 3.11 |
Helicopter Route |
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Figure 3.12 |
Secondary Contact Recreation
Zones within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) |
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Figure 3.13 |
Absolute Constraints |
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Figure 3.14 |
Potential Obstacles' to
Development |
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Figure 3.15 |
Potential Areas for Siting a Wind
Farm within the Hong Kong Administrative Region (HKSAR) |
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Figure 3.16 |
Environmental & Social Issues at
Site 1 - SouthWest Lamma Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.17 |
Physical Issues at Site 1 -
SouthWest Lamma Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.18 |
Water Depth |
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Figure 3.19 |
Environmental & Social Issues at
Site 2 - East Po Toi Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.20 |
Physical Issues at Site 2 - East
Po Toi Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.21 |
Environmental & Social Issues at
Site 3 - South Ninepins Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.22 |
Physical Issues at Site 3 - South
Ninepins Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.23 |
Environmental & Social Issues at
Site 4 - East of Basalt and Bluff Islands Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.24 |
Physical Issues at Site 4 - East
of Basalt and Bluff Islands Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.25 |
Environmental & Social Issues at
Site 5 - Easten offshore Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.26 |
Physical Issues at Site 5 -
Easten offshore Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.27 |
Environmental & Social Issues at
Site 6 - East Tai Long Wan Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.28 |
Physical Issues at Site 6 - East
Tai Long Wan Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.29 |
Environmental & Social Issues at
Site 7 - East Tap Mun Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.30 |
Physical Issues at Site 7 - East
Tap Mun Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.31 |
Environmental & Social Issues at
Site 8 - Kat O - Yantian Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.32 |
Physical Issues at Site 8 - Kat O
- Yantian Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.33 |
Viewshed at Site 1 - SouthWest
Lamma Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.34 |
Viewshed at Site 2 - East Po Toi
Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.35 |
Viewshed at Site 3 - South
Ninepins Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.36 |
Viewshed at Site 4 - East Basalt
and Bluff Islands Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.37 |
Viewshed at Site 5 - Eastern
Offshore Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.38 |
Viewshed
at Site 6 - East Tai Long Wan Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.39 |
Viewshed at Site 7 - East Tap Mun
Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.40 |
Viewshed at Site 8 - Kat O -
Yantian Potential Development Area |
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Figure 3.41 |
Area VHD-11 at Site 5 |
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Figure 3.42 |
Preferred Site |
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Figure 5.1 |
Location of Project Components |
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Figure 5.6 |
Potential Cable Crossing Points |
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Figure 5.7 |
Nearshore Grab Dredging Area |
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Figure 5.8 |
Cross-sections for Cable
Installation through the Existing Sea Wall |
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Figure 5.9 |
Zones of Dredging and Jetting |
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Figure 5.10 |
Typical 132kV or 22kV Submarine
Cable Crossing Exiting Telecommunication Submarine Cable |
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Figure 5.12 |
Laydown Area |
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Figure 5A.1 |
Locations of Prevailing Noise
Measurement, Wind Turbines and Representative Noise Sensitive Receivers |
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Figure 6.1 |
Location of the Proposed Wind Farm
Development Site and Submarine Cable Route Wind Farm in the EPD Water
Control Zones of Hong Kong |
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Figure 6.2 |
EPD Routine Marine Water and
Sediment Monitoring Stations within Proximity to the Wind Farm Development
Site |
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Figure 6.3 |
Location of Sediment Sampling
Points for March 2009 Survey at Southwest Lamma |
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Figure 6.4 |
Water Sensitive Receivers for the
Project |
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Figure 6.5 |
Modelling Output Points |
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Figure 6.16 |
Location of South Cheung Chau
Diposal Ground in Proximity to the Development Site |
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Figure 8.1 |
Study Area for Avifauna |
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Figure 8.2 |
Survey Transects and Approximate
Area with High Abundance of Red-necked Phalarope, Jaegers, Shearwaters and
Terns |
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Figure 8.3 |
Known Breeding Tern Colonies in
Hong Kong |
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Figure 8.4 |
Sighting and Nesting Locations of
White-bellied Sea Eagles (WBSE) |
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Figure 8.5 |
Survey Transect of Avifauna Vessel
Survey (Transect location followed marine mammal surveys) |
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Figure 8.6 |
Overall Bird Density in Waters
around Lamma Island during July08 to June09 |
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Figure 8.7 |
Seasonal Variation of Bird Density
in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to June09 |
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Figure 8.8 |
Distribution of All Birds in
Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to June09 |
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Figure 8.9 |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of All Birds in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to
June09 |
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Figure 8.10 |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Birds of Prey in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to
June09 |
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Figure 8.11 |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Egrets and Herons in Waters around Lamma Island during
July08 to June09 |
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Figure 8.12 |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Shorebirds (excluded Egrets and Herons) in Waters around
Lamma Island during July08 to June09 |
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Figure 8.13 |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Gulls and Terns in Waters around Lamma Island during July08
to June09 |
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Figure 8.14 |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Seabirds (excluded Gulls & Terns) in Waters around Lamma
Island during July08 to June09 |
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Figure 8.15 |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Others in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to June09 |
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Figure 8.16 |
Locations of Species of
Conservation Interest Recorded in the Study Area |
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Figure 8.17 |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of White-bellied Sea Eagles in Waters around Lamma Island
during July08 to June09 |
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Figure 8.18 |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Black Kite in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to
June09 |
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Figure 1 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Chinese Pond Heron in Waters around Lamma Island during
July08 to June09 |
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Figure 2 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Little Egret in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to
June09 |
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Figure 3 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Red-necked Phalarope in Waters around Lamma Island during
July08 to June09 |
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Figure 4 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Aleutian Tern in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to
June09 |
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Figure 5 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Black-headed Gull, Black-tailed Gull and Black-legged
Kittiwake in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to June09 |
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Figure 6 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Black-naped Tern in Waters around Lamma Island during
July08 to June09 |
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Figure 7 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Bridled Tern in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to
June09 |
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Figure 8 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Common Tern in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to
June09 |
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Figure 9 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Heuglin's Gull in Waters around Lamma Island during July08
to June09 |
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Figure 10 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Roseate Tern in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to
June09 |
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Figure 11 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Whiskered Tern in Waters around Lamma Island during
July08 to June09 |
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Figure 12 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of White-winged Tern in Waters around Lamma Island during
July08 to June09 |
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Figure 13 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Unidentified Tern in Waters around Lamma Island during
July08 to June09 |
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Figure 14 (Annex 8) |
Seasonal Variation of the
Distribution of Barn Swallow in Waters around Lamma Island during July08 to
June09 |
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Figure 15 (Annex 8) |
Assessment Area of Collision
Risk |
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Figure 9A.1 |
Study Area for
Baseline Marine Ecological Conditions |
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Figure 9A.2 |
Seasonal
Distribution of the Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin, Sousa chinensis, in Hong
Kong waters. |
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Figure 9A.3 |
Sightings of
Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolpins in the Soutwest Lamma Area since 2000 |
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Figure 9A.4 |
Seasonal
Distribution of the Finless Porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides, in Hong Kong
waters. |
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Figure 9A.5 |
Number of Finless
Porpoise Sightings in Different Survey Areas in Hong Kong and Mainland
Chinese Territorial Waters during 1996-2005 (Reproduced from Hung (2008b)) |
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Figure 9A.6 |
Inter-nesting
locations (red dots) from June 25 to September 4, 2003 of the green turtle
(named “Hong Kong 2”) that nested on Sham Wan, Lamma Island. Map provided by
AFCD |
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Figure 9A.7 |
Inter-nesting
locations (red dots) from August 9 to October 12, 2008 of the green turtle
(named “Hong Kong 2”) that nested on Sham Wan, Lamma Island. Map provided by
AFCD. |
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Figure 9A.8 |
Migration route
of a green turtle that nested in Daya Bay (China) in the summer of 2007 and
passed through Hong Kong waters during its migration to foraging grounds in
the Wanshan Archipelago. Map provided by AFCD |
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Figure 9A.9 |
Intertidal Survey
Transect Locations at Lamma Power Station Extension |
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Figure 9A.10 |
Subtidal Soft
Bottom Sampling Locations |
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Figure 9A.11 |
Mean Numbers of
Individuals of Infaunal Organisms (Class level) per Stations from Grab
Samples collected within the Study Area during the Seasonal Benthic Surveys |
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Figure 9A.12 |
Mean Biomass of
Infaunal Organisms (Class level) per Station from Grab Samples collected
within the Study Area during the Seasonal Benthic Surveys |
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Figure 9A.13 |
Locations of
Dive Surveys and Location of Dumped Material on the Seabed |
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Figure 9A.14 |
Geophysical
Image of Dumped Material on the Seabed |
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Figure 9A.15 |
Photographs of
the Seabed at Qualitative Dive Survey Locations |
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Figure 9A.16 |
Indicative
Photographs at Semi-Qualitative Dive Survey Locations (T1 – T8) |
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Figure 9A.17 |
The Transect
lines for Finless Porpoise Survey |
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Figure 9A.18 |
Distribution of
Finless Porpoise Sightings Recorded in Lamma Survey Area during the Wind
Farm Surveys from December 2008 to May 2009 |
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Figure 9A.19 |
Distribution of
Finless Porpoise Sightings Recorded in Lamma Survey Area from AFCD
Monitoring Surveys (light blue dots) and during the Wind Farm Surveys (dark
blue dots) from December 2008 to May 2009 |
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Figure 9A.20 |
Distribution of
Finless Porpoise Sightings Recorded in Lamma Survey Area from the Long-Term
Monitoring Surveys in 1996-2008 (light blue dots) and during the Wind Farm
Surveys in 2008-09 (dark blue dots) |
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Figure 9A.21 |
Seasonal
Distribution of Finless Porpoise Sightings Recorded in Lamma Survey Area in
1996-2009 (dark blue dots: porpoise sightings recorded during the wind farm
surveys in 2008-09) |
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Figure 9A.22 |
(a) Sighting
Density of Finless Porpoises (SPSE) and (b) Density of Finless Porpoises
(DPSE) with corrected survey effort per km2 in the Lamma Survey Area, using
Pooled Data from Wind Farm Surveys in 2008-09 and AFCD’s Long-Term
Monitoring Surveys in1999-2008 (SPSE = no. of on-effort porpoise sightings
per 100 units of survey effort; DPSE = no. of porpoises per 100 units of
survey effort; red box: proposed wind farm site in Southwest Lamma; dotted
line: connecting cable) |
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Figure 9A.23 |
Distribution of
Finless Porpoises with Different Group Sizes in the Lamma Survey Area from
1996 – 2009 |
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Figure 10.1 |
Southwest Lamma Wind Farm Site
and Cable Route in Relation to Fish Culture Zones |
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Figure 10.2 |
Distribution of Fishing
Operations (All Vessel) in Hong Kong Waters as recorded by Agriculture,
Fisheries and Conservation Department on Port Survey 2006 |
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Figure 10.3 |
Fishing
Vessel Sightings (July08 - Oct08; Jan09 - Jun09) |
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Figure 10.4 |
Distribution of Fish Production
('Adult' Fish) (kg ha-1) in Hong Kong Waters as recorded by
Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department on Port Survey 2006 |
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Figure 10.5 |
Distribution of Fish Fry
Production (tails ha-1) in Hong Kong Waters as recorded by
Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department on Port Survey 2006 |
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Figure 10.6 |
Distribution of Fish Production
Value (Adult Fish and Fish Fry) in Hong Kong Waters as recorded by
Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department on Port Survey 2006 |
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Figure 11.1 |
Location - Southwest Lamma Site |
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Figure 11.3 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
Existing LCAs and Impacts Southwest Lamma Site |
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Figure 11.8 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
Existing LRs and Impacts Southwest Lamma Site |
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Figure 11.15 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
Mitigation Plan Southwest Lamma Site |
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Figure 11.18 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
Viewshed Southwest Lamma Site |
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Figure 11.19 |
Climatic Data of Hong Kong
Southwest Lamma Site |
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Figure 11.22 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm VSR
Location Southwest Lamma Site |
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Figure 11.23 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-1 Photomontage From Hung Shing Ye Beach, Lamma |
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Figure 11.24 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-2 Photomontage From Lo So Shing |
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Figure 11.25 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-3 Photomontage From Yung Dhue Wan Pier, Lamma |
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Figure 11.26 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-4 Photomontage From Ferry to Cheung Chau |
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Figure 11.27 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-5 Photomontage From Cheung Chau |
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Figure 11.28 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-6 Photomontage From Discovery Bay |
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Figure 11.29 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-7 Photomontage From Silver Mine Bay |
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Figure 11.30 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-8 Photomontage From Chi Ma Wan Peninsula |
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Figure 11.31 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-9 Photomontage From Cheung Sha Beach |
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Figure 11.32 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-10 Photomontage From South Lantau Trail |
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Figure 11.33 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-11 Photomontage From The Peak |
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Figure 11.34 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-12 Photomontage From Queen Mary Hospital |
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Figure 11.35 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-13 Photomontage From Pauline Chan Bldg, HKU |
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Figure 11.36 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-14 Photomontage From Stanley Waterfront |
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Figure 11.37 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-15 Photomontage From Wong Nai Chung Gap |
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Figure 11.38 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-16 Photomontage From Ocean Park |
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Figure 11.39 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-17 Photomontage From Mt. Stenhouse |
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Figure 11.40 |
Proposed Offshore Wind Farm
VSR-18 Photomontage From Penny's Bay |
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Figure 11.41 |
Visual Mitigation Plan Wind Farm
Location Southwest Lamma Site |
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Figure 12.1 |
Location of Wrecks Identified
from UKHO Records |
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Figure 12.5 |
Location of Wrecks Found during
Geophysical Survey |
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Figure 12A.1 |
Southwest Lamma Survey Area |
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Figure 12B.1 |
Geophysical Survey Results |
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Figure 12B.2 |
Geophysical Survey Results |
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Figure 12B.3 |
Geophysical Survey Results |
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Figure 12B.4 |
Geophysical Survey Results |
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Figure 12B.5 |
Geophysical Survey Results |
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Figure 12B.6 |
Geophysical Survey Results |
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Figure 12B.7 |
Geophysical Survey Results |
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Figure 12B.8 |
Geophysical Survey Results |